Calligraphy: the meaning is the same as "pen and ink". Original reference language. Three Kingdoms Cao Wei Pi's Essays on Canon: "The author is ancient, in calligraphy, and feels the article." Later generations also refer to calligraphy and Chinese painting. Mi Fei Biography of the History of the Song Dynasty: "Calligraphy is particularly wonderful, and it is written in a flying way, and it is Wang Xianzhi's brushwork.

Stone: the general term for ancient bronzes and stone carvings. Gold refers to Zhong Ding bronzes and the like; Stone refers to stone tablets and stone carvings. It is a kind of print produced by writing on stones, writing down creations, eulogizing inscriptions and praising merits. "Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor": "The princes recited the merits of the emperor and carved them in stone to show the classics." Zhongding Yi ware began in Shang Dynasty, while stone carving began in Qin Dynasty.

Authentic: the handwriting is true, not forged or forged by others. Zhang Huaiguan's Broken Book of the Tang Dynasty: "In May of the sixteenth year of Kaiyuan, the original works of the two kings were published, and books such as Zhang Zhi and others were sent to Jixian Institute."

Ink: Handwriting written in ink. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a poem written by Lang Zhongqiu, a resident of Zuo Siyuan, "Learn from books to find ink, and make wine to love harmony". The Biography of Ye Fan in the Book of Song Dynasty also records that "ink is on the top, and leaves are at the end of the book".

Rubbings: Traces or images of books printed from inscriptions and bronzes. Physical objects were first seen in the Tang Dynasty. Methods Rice paper was soaked in water, covered on the inscriptions of utensils, rubbed into a suitable paper bump, and then dipped in ink to make it. In ancient times, vertical paper and oil smoke ink were polished after extension, and the ink was black and shiny, which was called "Wujin Extension"; With horizontal paper, Song Yanmo, green and light, not oily, it is called "cicada wing exhibition". Also known as "Zhu Tuo", the scarlet extension; When a stone tablet has just been shaped or unearthed, it is called "initial extension".

Stone carving: refers to calligraphy and painting carved on stone tablets and cliffs. For example, the stone carvings of Huiji in the Qin Dynasty and the cliff carvings of Ode to Shimen in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Huan Tan's New Theory: "On Mount Tai, there are more than 800 stone carvings, which can be recognized by 72 people."