In the modern society of market economy, the construction industry is developing rapidly, and people have higher requirements for housing. An important factor affecting the comfort of houses is leakage, which not only has an important impact on people's daily life, but also endangers the safety of people's lives and property, thus affecting the development of national economy. This paper mainly analyzes the parts prone to leakage in modern building construction and the present situation of waterproof and seepage prevention technology, and finally puts forward some waterproof and waterproof suggestions for reference.
Importance of waterproofing and seepage control in building construction
1. The leakage problem has seriously affected the normal function of the building.
In daily life, most residents have encountered the problem of house leakage, especially in rainy season, the whole house is wet all day, which not only does great harm to the structural safety of the house itself, but also deeply harms the life safety of residents. A fully functional building will greatly increase the comfort of residents, which will greatly promote the maintenance of good mood and improve work efficiency.
2. The quality and safety of buildings are seriously threatened.
According to relevant data, building quality is related to materials, design, site management and construction technology, in which construction technology accounts for 45%, design factor accounts for 18%, material factor accounts for 22% and site management factor accounts for 15%. Obviously, construction technology accounts for the largest proportion, which is the key to ensure the quality and safety of buildings. The focus of leakage problem should also be placed on the research of construction technology. 3. Analysis of leakage parts of buildings With the country paying more and more attention to safety issues, building safety issues have also attracted widespread attention. Therefore, China's waterproof and anti-seepage technology is gradually maturing, but there are still some shortcomings and loopholes. Firstly, the common leakage parts in buildings are analyzed: (1) external wall seepage. In construction, the joint between doors and windows and the external wall is a common leakage place, because the bricklayer of the external wall is often inexperienced or not careful enough, resulting in cracks at the joint, which provides an effective channel for water leakage; On the other hand, in the whole process of bricklaying, some equipment is often used, and the use of these equipment often depends on the external wall, thus leaving traces on the external wall. If these marks are not repaired in time, it will also provide convenient conditions for water leakage. (2) Roof leakage is the most common part in building construction and has the greatest influence on building quality. The causes of leakage can be summarized as follows: ① Failure to strictly follow the construction technology and implement the waterproof and seepage control standards will lead to cracking of the roof bulge; (2) The waterproof materials used do not meet the technical standards and can not meet the leakage standards. Some unqualified materials are applied to the construction, which greatly reduces the waterproof performance of the roof; (3) In order to properly handle the connection between roofs, there are many gaps at the joints. (3) There are a large number of joints and pipes in the basement. Because the technical standards of pipes are not up to standard, leakage problems often occur. Because the mortar between the pipeline and the concrete cracks, the water in the pipeline will flow into the basement. In the process of construction, the pipeline will loosen due to knocking or impact, resulting in water seepage. In addition, due to the influence of temperature difference, the thermal pipeline is also prone to leakage. (4) The bathroom is the place with the largest water consumption in the whole building, and its water pipes are dense, which leads to blockage or poor sealing between water pipes, leading to water leakage. Leakage often occurs at the bottom of bathtub, which brings serious troubles to residents' lives.
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Waterproof and Seepage Prevention Technology in Building Construction
1. Waterproof and Seepage Prevention Technology of External Wall
During the whole construction process, the construction shall be carried out in strict accordance with the construction drawings. There are mainly the following aspects: (1) Leave gaps in the dense wall, and pay attention to the cleanliness of the external wall; (2) Pay attention to the position of external scaffold at any time, and add an appropriate amount of expansion agent when punching or filling mud to ensure the compactness of filling; (3) Supervise the construction process of doors, windows and balconies. , and strictly follow the technical requirements of waterproof and seepage control; (4) Improve the external wall construction standards.
2. Roof waterproof and seepage prevention technology
In roof construction, appropriate space should be reserved as a protective layer to ensure the construction quality of roof panels, and at the same time, the construction technology should be strictly implemented. After the construction of waterproof and anti-seepage technology is completed, concrete curing should be carried out in time. In strict accordance with the relevant standards to determine the appropriate sub-warehouse joints, the use of qualified materials to enhance the waterproof performance of the roof.
3. The basement waterproof and seepage prevention technology
Cracks are the main cause of water leakage in the basement, which must be strictly guarded against during construction. First of all, you must use high waterproof paint; Secondly, we should strengthen construction management. If cracks appear, relevant measures should be taken to solve them in time to avoid the expansion of cracks. Special attention should be paid to the treatment of pipes and joints to avoid leakage.
4. Waterproof and anti-seepage technology of toilet
Structure and pipeline are the key of waterproof and seepage prevention technology in toilet. The following aspects should be achieved: (1) Reasonable layout of toilet space, ensuring the compactness of leveling layer and base, paying attention to cleaning work and reducing the probability of leakage; (2) Plan the installation of relevant pipelines, design and install pipelines in strict accordance with the technical requirements of waterproofing and seepage prevention, and organize professionals to accept them until seepage prevention is achieved. 5. Waterproof and seepage prevention technology for doors and windows In the process of building construction, doors and windows are also a part that causes leakage problems. The common reason for its leakage is the low quality of the materials used. Construction workers often only pay attention to the beauty of doors and windows, but do not strictly control the construction quality. In the installation process, we should also choose qualified accessories to minimize the probability of leakage.
Roof leakage is a common problem in building construction, which seriously affects the quality of building roof and main structure. In order to solve the problem of building roof leakage, it is suggested to take measures to prevent roof leakage during construction, so as to effectively ensure the construction quality of building roof and improve the waterproof and impermeability of building roof structure. For example, when a construction enterprise carries out roof construction, the construction technicians first make a waterproof and seepage-proof map of roof construction according to the current technical specifications of roof engineering in China, and mark the places where the roof is prone to water leakage with red circles, and then the construction personnel carry out construction according to the construction drawings. When designing joints such as drainage pipes and wells on the roof, we must carefully observe the requirements of anti-seepage structure to prevent water from running back. When using flexible sealing and combining materials with structures, waterproof coiled materials, waterproof coatings and sealing materials should be selected according to the structural conditions of each node. The quality of roof slab is directly related to the quality of engineering buildings, and a good roof slab has a good preventive effect on leakage. Therefore, in order to ensure the construction quality of engineering building roof panels, construction enterprises should be equipped with professional and technical personnel, strictly control the quality supervision of waterproof projects, and ensure the load-bearing and thermal insulation functions of roof panels. The main parts of roof leakage are air outlet pipe, eaves gutter and gutter.
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