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"Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Zhi, Chu Ye. The grass is too thick, the branches are getting bigger and bigger, and there are things. " Paragraph "Note": "The extended meaning is the future, and" Interpretation "says:" The future is also. "Reporter: Those who are trained to be like this."
He, she, it (them). Example:
(1) Everyone hangs up. (Zhi: He, referring to the superb performer in the above picture)
(2) Cut the wolf's head with a knife and kill it with several knives. (refers to the wolf. )
3 nature. (chi: that's what Li said above. )
(4) After even sending a face, cry with the heel. (The original meaning refers to the latter "ambition": she refers to Yan Hou. )
I am exhausted, I have excess, and I will overcome it. (chi: refers to the qi army. )
6. I will be ashamed to see each other. (chi: that's what he meant. )
⑦ Du Xiang Pan Xun. (1) They are prisoners in prison. )
Mother got wind of it and the hammer bed was furious. (chi: refers to the words of the above officials. )
Pet-name ruby jump, into the cave. (1) refers to crickets. )
Attending the soldiers of the world, gathered in Xianyang. (the original meaning refers to the latter "zhi", which refers to weapons. )
(2). Example:
(1) near the plug in Mongolia, the dead 19. ("A blessing in disguise is a blessing in disguise")
(2) A small prison, though unobservable, must be loved.
(3) Kan Kan cut sandalwood, and the river dried up.
4 cut the fertile land in the east and collect the key counties in the north.
(3) Go, go ... Example:
1 If you want the South China Sea, what? (for learning)
(2) to more than forty miles, sell it. (The original meaning refers to the previous "ambition". )
(3) Will application.
I regretted it for a long time on the ridge of ploughing. (The original meaning refers to the previous "ambition"? )
(5) There is also a barber Dumen, playing dumb.
So he abandoned his family and went into Guanzhong.
All landowners have morning glory through the hall. Wang Jianzhi said, "What is a cow?" (The original meaning refers to the "zhi" of the latter. )
4 this, this. Example:
(1) With your strength, you can't destroy your father's hill, such as the Taihang Wangs. (The original meaning refers to the "ambition" of the latter. )
(2) It is famous for its fat, wax and ash. (The original meaning refers to the previous one. )
There are fertile fields, beautiful ponds and mulberry trees here.
(4) The bus plate is the machinery of Chu's ladder.
(5) is the second policy, with negative Qin Ge is better.
He is not as clever as Confucius.
⑦ There are six people, including Ning Yue, Xu Shang, Su Qin and Doukhi. (the original refers to the middle one. )
5] Symbol as preposition object. Example:
(1) What is it?
(2) What was the sin of the Song Dynasty?
I don't know what to look at.
(4) What is merit?
⑤ The poem says, "If others have a heart, just think about it." -the master is also called. (originally refers to the latter. )
[6] me. Example:
(1) Will you be born of sadness?
(2) I don't know how wide the general is!
(3) an old friend childe hate to also.
(4) I am a street drum knife butcher, and my son keeps his name.
⑤ What if we use bicycles instead?
6. The widowed gentleman thinks that death is immortal. Think about it: just kill it. It refers to us. )
(7) There is no point in adjusting syllables. Example:
On the ridge of ploughing, I felt deeply for a long time. (originally refers to the latter. )
Used in subject-predicate structure to express the independence of sentence exclusion. Example:
(1) Unique to Kongming, there is water in the fish.
Teach and teach, whose name is forever!
(3) I don't know when I was born?
Pet-name ruby as a sign of attributive postposition. Example:
(1) the Cui Wei of the cloud.
(2) people and people who can observe with their own bodies, people who collect things are ignorant!
⑽ direction. Example:
Then get rid of this kindness.
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Pass the meaning of "leaf"
Mozi Da: "A saint is also for the world." The previous sentence also means "zhi". Everything is done by Han Feizi to get rid of the old: "Invisibility also hurts people, that is, ghosts hurt people ..." "Jia Zi Zheng Da": "The decline of a gentleman is countless." The last word "ye" is used as an auxiliary word of positive tone, and the other two words "ye" both mean "zhi". (Excerpted from Huang Xianfan's Preliminary Study on Interpretation of Ancient Books-Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan) 4 14)
Used at the end of rhetoric or questions.
Used at the end of rhetoric or questions.
"Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Hu, in addition to words, also seems to rise in tone." Paragraph "Note": "There are many rhymes and endless meanings."
(1) The interrogative tone is equivalent to "mom" and "you". Is it difficult to do things in the world? (2) Isn't this far small, but near big? (3) Will you use real beans to sacrifice for the guests? However, isn't Hu himself? Does the husband also love his little son? What if it is poisonous? ⑦ Will you be born with sadness? Does your majesty smell the anger of Buyi? Pet-name ruby QiGu theft? Attending but after the new defeat in Yuzhou, can Ann resist this difficulty? (1 1) Brave, can you drink any more? (12) So far? Have you ever heard of Qi Huan and Jin Wen? (14) How can I protect the people if I am alone?
(2) It means rhetorical tone, which is equivalent to "mom" and "you". Example: ① Who is Zhihu? (2) study from time to time, not to mention? (3) people take it, and they never say enough? (4) What kind of prince would you rather have? If you want a sword, isn't it confusing? 6 The friendship between Heyi and Yi has not been deceived. What is the situation in the whole country?
I am a teacher, and my husband knows that his years were born in me. Isn't it from Confucianism that Mencius is abolished today? Pet-name ruby unkind person? Attending skills and experience, but how bad?
③ Adjective suffix, sometimes equivalent to "land". Exodus: ① Nowadays, those who wear tiger symbols and sit in high places are almost as good as Gancheng. (2) so today's tomb is full of five people. (3) If there is no room for thickness, there will be room for recycling. Suddenly, I did it.
(4) means measurement and adjustment, which is equivalent to "Ba". For example: (1) Did you drink well during the eclipse? (2) The reason why saints are holy and fools are stupid is because? (3) The King of Qi is very happy, so the state of Qi is almost average. (4) The teacher is tired and the teacher is far away. Nothing is impossible.
5] with "in". Example: (1) clamoring for things, running north and south. (2) Although this is death, it is later than my neighbor's death. I doubt it. (Almost: Right. The meaning of drunkenness is not wine, but also between mountains and rivers. (5) during this period. 6. The law of the first king came from the world. ⑦ The period of a good sword is almost broken, but it won't break unexpectedly. (almost: the object of introducing action. ) 8 was born before me, and its smell was solid before me? Pet-name ruby it is no wonder that its private. It is learned to join a gentleman, but you can save yourself by taking part in one day. (Almost: Right. ) (1 1) words have not been exported, and sorrow and joy are ahead. (12) Covering gold is almost a skill. (13) Wang changed color. (14) I like Tao best: I am better at it. (15) According to Heaven, approve and guide. I grow taller every day. (er: than. (17) was taken in this big country. (18) was written by an extraordinary person. (19) bath and release. (20) You are alone in the mountains.
(6) Expressing sigh tone, which is equivalent to "ah" and "ya". Example: ① Alas! Who knows that Fu Lian's poison is very snake! (2) Hehe, the swallow knows the ambition of the swan! 3 days, people, already!
(7) The tone of discussion is equivalent to "horse" and "handle". Exodus: (1) If you die today, you will die if you plan a great event. If you wait to die, how can you die? (2) come, then the king?
Used in sentences to indicate a pause. Ex.: So this book.
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Hu and Ye are intertextual.
In the process of development, the word "ye" has changed in tone and usage. Its tone, strong and decisive, is used at the end of a sentence. As a positive modal particle, it is mainly used in declarative sentences, and its meaning is more obvious than other similar words. Biography of Historical Records and Sun Tzu: "I hope I don't behead." Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou: "Use it or not, listen or not." "The Analects of Confucius Zi Han": "The three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition." Strong tone, all means yes. Because the pronunciation of the word "Ye" is homophonic with evil, it is sometimes considered as the use of interrogative modal particles "Hu" and "Ye". "Guo Yu Zhou Yu Xia": "Dare to ask Heaven and restrain others?" This sentence "Hu" and "Ye" are intertextual. (Excerpted from Huang Xianfan's A Preliminary Study on the Interpretation of Ancient Books —— Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan, page 4 12)
human
(1) People, things, things, places, etc. , equivalent to "…" or "... people (things, things, places). "example:
People who are close to the fortress have good skills. (person: refers to person)
(2) If the market is in the hands of people, will you sacrifice real beans for your guests?
(3) Children should abandon other grandfathers' products anyway. (speaker: refers to things. )
(4) There is a complicated sentence. If you are often taken hostage, the old woman will spit in her face!
⑤ When it is divided into north and south, the ancient Great Wall is also.
Those who get in the way and don't do things are not as good as the past.
All landowners swim at night by the watch, and more than a thousand people drown.
(8) Who is the king of this purpose? (person means person)
Pet-name ruby who is the guest? (person: refers to person)
Attending users with high root rate, if they have perennial roots, must take them when there are no stems and leaves. (Person: refers to things and medicines)
(1 1) It's strange that people are thieves, murderers, prisoners, and complacent. (person: refers to illness)?
(12) I wanted to be on the board of directors last year, too.
(2) When used together with words such as "if" or alone, it means comparison and is equivalent to "like" and "like". Example:
(1) However, I think it makes no difference.
(2) In a word, if you look sad.
(3) put it after the subject to express teton or judgment. Example:
① Yugong in Beishan is ninety years old.
(2) Chen Shengsheng is also from Yangcheng.
(3) Lian Po, Zhao Zhiliang will also.
(4) Teacher, answer the question like this.
⑤ Qu Yuan's surname is Ping, and Chu's surname is Ping.
(4) After the subject, lead to the reason. Example:
(1) Those who don't take wood as the object have dense arts and sciences.
(2) However, Cao overcame salt and took the weak as the strong, which was not only suppressed by the time, but also by the geographical location.
And those who live fifty miles away have only one husband.
The beauty of my wife is my own, and I am also private.
(5) I went to visit my relatives and serve the monarch. I admire your lofty benevolence and righteousness.
6. The crab kneels six times and pinches twice. Those who are not caves of snakes and eels without food are impatient.
5] Put it at the end of the question to express doubt. Example:
who is it? There is a difference between up and down.
[6] Put it in a hypothetical complex sentence, indicating a hypothesis, which is equivalent to "if" and "if". Example:
(1) you can't stay at home when you enter, and you will be invincible against foreign invasion and ruin your country.
(2) Those who try their best but can't come can have no regrets.
If you don't, if you belong to it, you will be captured.
Once placed after the object of the word "you", it means Teton. Example:
(1) There is a patent for Chiang Kai-shek III.
(2) there are four Guo, kill four people.
(3) There are followers of Song Yu, Jing Ke in Chu State, who are all good at Ci and Fu, and they are all called Fu Family.
(8) Put it after numerals (when translating, add corresponding quantifiers and nouns after numerals according to the listed things). Example:
(1) or different from both, why? (both: two moods. )
(2) The number of soldiers is also. (this number: these points. )
(9) After the attribute is put behind, it is equivalent to "de". Example:
(1) Help can be reported to the Qin Dynasty, but not. (The attribute is "those who can report to Qin" and the head word is "people".
(2) Therefore, the Qi army is good at shooting, and it is off the road.
⑽ After the time word, it means pause and plays the role of adjusting syllables. Example:
(1) Close to the crime of resignation.
(2) the ancients to the world is given priority to, you as a guest.
3 Those who are far away count the world, and those who are near reach the body.
(1 1) is placed at the end of the statement, indicating the end of the statement. Example:
(1) to send accounts, because of the so-called stone clock.
(2) When the first minister explained the cow, he saw nothing but the cow.
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Biography of Ye: Eight Classics of Han Feizi: "Nothing ... and officials are selfless." "Say Yi Li": "There is no gentleman in Lu, and the words are taken from Si." They are all interpreted as "zhe", but "zhe" and "ye" in ancient books can be used interchangeably. (Excerpted from Huang Xianfan's Preliminary Study on Interpretation of Ancient Books-Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan) 4 14)
also
also
"Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Yes, the female yin is also." Paragraph "Note": "This yin is printed in the original meaning, and it is borrowed."
① It is the same as "Ye" in modern Chinese. Example:
Old son also met.
(2) Look after the children and move a short stool and put it in the cracks.
⑵ Used at the end of a sentence to express the judgment tone. Example:
(1) The tiger saw it, and it was a monster.
(2) Henan Leyangzi this wife, I don't know his daughter.
(3) children's sender, Chen Zhou Moore also.
(4) tso, jackal tiger also.
(5) Pei Gong participated in Fan Kuai.
6 if you defeat the enemy without fighting, the good will do.
(3) Used at the end of a sentence to express the tone of statement or explanation. Example:
Thinking is the same as biting yourself, and I am very scared.
(2) teacher, so preach and teach.
3 Fish, I want it, bear's paw, I want it.
(4) the thunder suddenly surprised, palace car also.
⑤ "If others have a heart, just think about it." -master, this is also called.
(4) Used in sentences to indicate a pause in tone. Example:
I've been listening for a long time.
(2) punish the mountain north, in and out of circuitous also, gather and seek yue.
(3) Its smell depends on me first.
That is to say, people often doubt it.
5] Used at the end of a sentence to express interrogative mood. Example:
(1) Why did Confucius call it "Wen"?
(2) Are you tied?
[6] Used in a sentence or at the end of a sentence to express affirmation and exclamation. Example:
(1) Children and grandchildren are infinite.
Zheng Zheng is fiercer than a tiger!
3 buzz! Those who destroy the six countries are also six countries, not Qin. Qin is also a Qin family, not the world.
(4) The master sighed and said, "I have something with me!"
Once used at the end of a sentence to express rhetorical mood. Example:
Let the state of Qin love the six countries again, and give it to three generations to be king forever. Who wins and who dies?
Used at the end of a sentence to indicate imperative mood. Example:
If you can't attack it, if you don't continue, I'll pay you back.
Modal auxiliary words are used together to strengthen the tone, often expressing exclamation or backchat. Example:
(1) time is not long, and there are indeed children and grandchildren who are kings one after another.
It's not bad to treat plums when you are poor!
(3) Are you alone?
(also) (1) mood is used together to explain or illustrate. Example:
Those who lash and sting, there is nothing that is not suitable for the eyes and ears for a moment, and there is nothing that is not prepared for daily use.
(2) Used at the end of a sentence to express rhetorical questions. For example, fifty or sixty, not a country, who is comfortable with sixty or seventy?
Used with (also) mood auxiliary words to strengthen the mood, which has rhetorical significance. Example:
If you only want it, you are not a country.
Adjectives used together at the end of a sentence have no practical significance. Example:
Kill him for nothing.
(it's gone). Example:
It's gone.
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In the process of development, the word "ye" has changed in tone and usage. Its tone, strong and decisive, is used at the end of a sentence. As a positive modal particle, it is mainly used in declarative sentences, and its meaning is more obvious than other similar words. Biography of Historical Records and Sun Tzu: "I hope I don't behead." Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou: "Use it or not, listen or not." "The Analects of Confucius Zi Han": "The three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition." Strong tone, all means yes.
Because the pronunciation of the word "Ye" is the same as that of "Ye", it is sometimes considered as the usage of the modal particles "Hu" and "Ye". "Guo Yu Zhou Yu Xia": "Dare to ask Heaven and restrain others?" This sentence "Hu" and "Ye" are intertextual. Zhuangzi: "However, the so-called knower is not a thief." Yan Zi: Gong Jing said: Is this also a gentleman's costume? Villains' clothes? Biography of Shu Wei in the Book of Jin: "The master's wife gave birth to a child at night. I heard the sound of horses and chariots and asked,' Is it a man? "Is it also a woman?" Shu Wei Cui Haochuan: ... Attack the city first? Slightly first? "Liu Fangchuan:" (Wang) Su said,' Isn't this Liu Shijing? Therefore, Guo Zhongshu's Preface to Pei+Collection says that there are evil monsters, and Yan Jiaxun says: "The words of evil are undecided ... northerners call them Yezi." (Tang Yun is the ninth note of Ye) It can be seen that ancient sounds are evil, and homophones are also common.
Although "ye" and "ye (evil)" are used as interrogative modal particles here, it does not mean that they are synonyms. The original meaning of "Ye" belongs to interrogative modal particles, and the original meaning of "Ye" belongs to positive modal particles. Therefore, the word "ye" cannot be used casually as the word "ye". Only when the word "ye" comes first can it be used as the word "ye". For example, "Ye" can be "Ye", but "Ye" and "Fei" cannot be "Yes" and "Fei". The word also has the meaning of interrogative mood, which is conditional, that is, it must be influenced by prepositions in sentences. For example, in the above example of the Biography of Jin Shu Shuwei, "... ask the other person:' Male? The word "ye" in the sentence "Nvye" is influenced by the preposition in the sentence and becomes an interrogative modal particle, which is generally used in multiple-choice questions.
There are no punctuation marks in China ancient books, and function words often have the nature of standard sentences, which are influenced by the sentence text to express their part of speech. Therefore, the word "ye" has become an interrogative modal particle here, but it has become other parts of speech elsewhere, and its usage is flexible and extensive. As mentioned above, the pronunciation of the word leaf is cut by sheep, and it also reads the voice of evil and the voice of Xi. But in ancient times, it was a sad voice. There were so many pronunciations in the Qing Dynasty (only Candle in the Candle Volume 7) and transliteration (the word "pool" in the Tang Dynasty Volume 2) that the meaning changed with the sound. It is the most prominent function word. Function words interpret meaning according to sound, and words naturally change with affirmation and doubt. This word also means Xi and zai. "The Book of Songs Novelty and Gentleman's Old Age": "The country's yuan is also!" "Zheng Qiu" is: "the country of Yan Xi!" "The Book of Songs+Pigeons": "Its appearance is not good, but its heart is like a knot." "Huainanzi Yan Quan" quoted the Book of Songs as saying: "Its utensils are also like knots." Description is also synonymous with Xi. "On the Balance and Stabbing Meng": "What advice do you have to use Yan to chop Yan now?" Han Feizi's Solution to Old Age: "Do I know the nature of heaven and earth?" The word "ye" comes first, and the word "ye" comes last. Mencius Gongsun Chou is "zai". After "Ye", "Lao Zi" was written as "Zai". As we all know, there are doubts about the meaning of the modal particle "zai". This is due to the collocation of interrogative words "Hehe" and "Xi" before the word "Ye" in the sentence, which forms its emptiness. If the word "he" in the last sentence is replaced by "no", that is, "today" still takes the word "ye" as its original meaning to affirm the solution of modal particles, which is different from the interrogative word "zai".
In addition, this word can also be used as an interjection in exclamatory sentences. Such as "Historical Records, Biography of Ji Shu and Sun": "Yue,' I am the son of heaven now. "This word is also used as an interjection. Lishu was most actively used in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Its tone, not as strong as before, has become slow and dull. Zhang Wenbing in the Qing Dynasty said: "Where the style of writing is flat, the high standard is not too high, and those who kill too many people use it (also)." (Notes on Function Words) In the ancient prose of Tang and Song Dynasties, the word "Yong Ye" is particularly clever. For example, Ouyang Xiu's Zuiwengting Ji and Su Dongpo's Jiu Jing both use the word "Yong Ye" as quatrains. The former uses the word 2 1 in a short article, while the latter uses the word 16. Ouyang Xiu once said: "What I am most proud of in my life is this article ... I can't write it down for the painting I returned, nor can I write it down for my drunken pavilion." There is also Dongpo's "The Classic of Wine": "Every word must have rhyme on the surface, hidden in the fu, but the reader does not feel that it is passionate and wonderful, which can't be described by pen and ink in the world. It's all for posterity. The word "cloud factory" ... the good people of this cake are also ... the good people here are also ... there are still five liters to win ... enough to disperse and stop evenly ... so my wine was made in 30 days. " In Yuan Dynasty, Chen Xiumin said, "This article is like eight treasures. Don't chew it too much, the more meaningful it is" (see "Dongpo Wen Tan Lu" written by Chen Xiumin in late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty). Readers who have read Zuiwengting Ji and Jiujing will have a deeper understanding of the wonderful use of ancient Chinese characters. The word "Ye" is interpreted by sounds, such as the meanings of the words "One", "Two", "Ye", "Zhe", "One", "Yan" and "Two", as well as the function of connecting the preceding with the following ... (Excerpted from Huang Xianfan's Preliminary Interpretation of Ancient Books-Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan, No.4/)