"Shi Shuo" is a famous work that criticizes the current disadvantages and promotes the teacher's morality. It is a typical work in Han Yu's argumentative essays. The article criticizes the bad atmosphere of not paying attention to the teacher's way at that time, and reveals the stupidity and absurdity of the literati class with skillful artistic skills and positive and negative comparisons. Flexible and natural narration and discussion? Learn from the teacher? Several important principles of this theory have been profoundly and convincingly expounded. Its logic is meticulous, its structure is rigorous and its language is standardized, which has a strong guiding role for students' reading and writing. But from now on, the viewpoint of the article has obvious limitations. How to give full play to the resource advantages of this article, stimulate students' creative thinking and cultivate them? Say it. Write it? And so on, is a topic worthy of discussion by Chinese teachers.
Analysis of learning situation
Class 224 is a liberal arts class. Although the foundation of culture class is not very solid, but students' thinking is more active, I often put? Seduce it? 、? Guide their doubts, advocate their arguments and promote their thinking? Throughout the whole teaching process. As long as it is properly induced, students will show unprecedented enthusiasm for inquiry. When discussing in groups, there will be a warm atmosphere of active exploration and initiative in class, and almost all students may become participants. And because of what? Participate? The happiness they feel will inspire them to explore deeper.
Teaching idea
On Chinese teaching, Ye Lao had an incisive exposition: It is not enough for students to know only the quality of textbooks and texts? ,? When teaching, we should cultivate its automaticity, and finally we can understand it by ourselves without the guidance of teachers. ? Mr. Yang Xianjiang also thinks that learning should be promoted? Automatic? :? The power of professors is only a tool of induction, and the power of automation is the foundation of success. ? And what Professor Zhang Xiongfei practiced and advocated? Inducing thinking and exploring teaching theory? What else? Induce students to think? As the main teaching method, and put? Cultivate students' thinking ability? As the ultimate goal of teaching. So when I organize the teaching of this course, I try to guide students to perceive and know Han Yu. On the teacher? The main point of view is the induction point, which fully stimulates students' desire to actively explore and study. Teacher? This permanent topic sets a series of questions, and takes this as an opportunity to write, thus inspiring students? Say it. Write it? Dare to comment on Han's theory and put forward your own ideas? Teacher? Views and opinions.
teaching process
First, preview before class
Before class, I organize students to preview the text fully, compare notes and grasp key words? Confused, down, sentence reading, commitment, similarity, honor, lightness, specialization, restraint, Jia, Yi, Nai, Ze, Yu, so? Several examples of flexible use of parts of speech (such as? My teacher is also a teacher? If I learn from it, I will be ashamed. I will make clear the meaning of the text so that I can be familiar with and recite the full text.
Second, the problem import
Teacher: A student? Won the crown of the three armed forces, and the decline of eight generations? What important viewpoints did Han Yu elaborate in On Famous Teachers? Can everyone recite it?
As soon as the question was put forward, the students were eager to try and entered one after another? Angry? Field. )
Teacher: OK, please answer in the original words.
1. What are the responsibilities of teachers?
2. Why do students learn from teachers?
3. What are the criteria and attitudes for choosing teachers?
The author quoted Confucius' words and deeds. What did he say? What's the conclusion?
Students think positively (2 minutes), then raise their hands to speak and recite the following sentences:
Blackboard writing:
Teacher, so preach and teach to solve doubts.
People who are not born to know, who can be confused and confused without following the teacher, are confused and finally confused.
Nothing is expensive, nothing is cheap, nothing is long, nothing is short, the Tao exists, and the teacher exists.
Disciples need not be inferior to teachers, and teachers need not be superior to disciples.
Third, guide students to contact the background of the times, the second paragraph of the article and the following materials, and use their brains to analyze the rationality and progress of the above viewpoints.
Answer Wei Zhongli:? There are no teachers in this world; Yes, laugh at it and think it's crazy. Han Yu was alone, ignoring vulgarity, laughing and cursing, and didn't know until he received the phone call. He wrote "Teacher's Talk" and became a teacher because he resisted (correctly). In the world, many strange people gather to scold him, aim their eyes at him and add it to the text, which makes him more and more famous. ?
The students discuss in a low voice left and right, and then speak. )
Li Pengfei: "On Teachers" is written for the disadvantages of the times. This paper expounds the role and standard of teachers, the importance of learning from teachers and the attitude teachers should adopt, and advocates that capable people should be teachers, be ashamed to ask questions and learn from each other. These penetrating insights have broken through the question about what in ancient China? Teacher? This theoretical framework is of progressive significance.
Jiao Yang:
The author said:? Therefore, there is no nobility, no inferiority, no length, no shortage, and the existence of Tao and the existence of teachers. ? Young people and shrews may also have Tao, and those who have Tao, regardless of age, rank and rank, should be regarded as teachers. Is he still here? Witch doctors, musicians and skilled workers are not ashamed to learn from each other? Set an example and teach those lessons? Gentleman? Kid. This means that subordinates also have something to learn from their superiors. This not only broke the frame of the concept of destiny and genius, but also broke through the hierarchical prejudice of the exploiting class, which was obviously valuable in the feudal era when the family concept was particularly strong. As for him: Disciples don't have to be inferior to teachers, and teachers don't have to be superior to disciples? . It is even more progressive to advocate that educators should learn from their own educational objects.
Fourth, guide students to question the views of the previous generation of celebrities.
Teacher: Let's take a modern look at Han Yu's views and exposition on learning from teachers and see what limitations there are. Would you please surround them? Teachers' responsibilities, criteria for selecting teachers, and teacher-student relationship? Discuss the problem in groups, then make a typical speech and talk about your own views.
The class was divided into six groups, and the students had a heated discussion. Everyone has become a participant, and there has been an upsurge of active exploration in the classroom. )
Teacher:
The students are having such a heated discussion, so let's simply write an oral topic. The topic is:
? A good teacher in my heart? 、? The most beautiful teacher-student relationship?
After listening to these, the students became more cheerful, and the group leader spoke on behalf of the group. )
He Jinda: Teaching activities should not be one-way for teachers? Teaching? Or? Pass? Students can't just be passive recipients. I think a good teacher should be an advanced pianist who can play every string in the students' brains. Should be an excellent tour guide, always leading students to beautiful scenery; Should be a master of humor, always make students happy; More importantly, it should be a clock, which can always end the lecture properly when the bell rings, so that students can enjoy a ten-minute free break. ?
Zhangyan:? Teaching should become an art, teachers should learn not to praise students deliberately, and stimulate students' initiative and consciousness in learning. ?
Li Pengfei:? Teachers should change their ideas, step out of the traditional role of teachers and become consultants and equal participants. Should teachers and students establish a kind of? Dialogue? Relationship, teacher-student relationship is no longer indoctrination and indoctrination, but a two-way communication relationship of equality, democracy and friendship. ?
He Xiaodong: Bad teachers teach the truth, and good teachers let students discover the truth? . However, how to ask students to discover the truth? The question mark is a bronze whip that urges people to climb the peak of science, and inspiration is the key to guide students to study hard and think deeply. ?
Jassamyn Liu: Han disciple is seventeen? Are all six meridians connected with Xi Zhi? And worshipped the famous teacher (Han Yu) as a teacher, but his life experience was average. Disappear from everyone? . This fact is enough to show, Han Yu? Teacher, so preaching, teaching, and confusing? Limitations of viewpoints.
? Teaching and learning is a complementary process, and it is also the same frequency vibration in the thinking of teachers and students. Who should play the role of teacher? Preach, teach, and dispel doubts? Instead, we should start thinking, induce passion, and guide students to consciously explore and make progress on the road of knowledge. ?
? A teacher should be like a leaf with a main vein, which is his overall teaching thought. The layers of veins on the leaf are different teaching plans he designed for each kind of students, fully tapping the inherent potential of all kinds of students, making up for their lack of thinking mode, correcting students' mentality, and truly achieving victory without arrogance and failure without grace. ?
? In class, the teacher should use his wand to activate students' thinking and make them the main body of the class. ?
? Teachers should be our friends and teach you carefully when you make mistakes; Teachers should help you in life like our relatives; The teacher should be Bole, who is good at discovering everyone's advantages and giving encouragement and praise. ?
? Don't be stingy with your words of encouragement, because it will probably save a fallen angel from returning to heaven; Don't spread your sarcasm all over the country, because it is also likely to make a person who is working hard lose confidence. Teacher, you are sacred, but we hope you are amiable. ?
Ancient scholars must have teachers? Are you online? Teacher? Only refers to people, and I think a teacher can be a sentence, a book and a thing. ?
Morality without knowledge is stupid, and knowledge without morality is dangerous. . So I think? Teachers, let students have both ability and political integrity.
? Teachers should let students learn independently. Teach it to fish? Teach us how to survive?
It is really a stone that stirs up a thousand waves, effectively raises questions, and the way of group discussion activates the thinking of the whole class, and the spark of thinking shines in generate.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) summarizes this lesson and assigns homework.
Teacher: Good. The students' speeches just now criticized the views of famous teachers with the courage of newborn calves who are not afraid of tigers, described the image of ideal teachers from all aspects, and expounded teachers' responsibilities and good teacher-student relations. Looks like I have to reinvent myself. After class, arrange the speech just now into a short article.
target analysis
The initial goal of this class is to mobilize students? Talking, writing, thinking? Dare to comment on Han's theory and put forward your own ideas? Teacher? Views and opinions. In class, students give full play to their initiative and consciousness in learning. Think? Driven? Do something? And then what? Do something? It also promotes the brain. Some valuable views and opinions are put forward. It should be said that the predetermined goal has been basically achieved.
Reflection after class
1. As long as students are properly induced and have doubts close to life and thoughts, they will show their enthusiasm for inquiry beyond our expectations. From beginning to end, active thinking and warm emotions surged in the classroom.
2. In the process of thinking and exploring, students can maximize their existing knowledge storage and accumulation. The students skillfully quoted famous Chinese and foreign sayings in their speeches. Can He Jinda be explained by a series of metaphors? Teacher? The role of.
3. The process of thinking and exploring may itself become a process for students to develop certain abilities. Is Jassamyn Liu arguing about Han Yu? Learn from the teacher? When the point of view is unreasonable, let's take Li Pan, a disciple of the poor family. Are all six meridians connected with Xi Zhi? And worship famous teachers, but life is average. Disappear from everyone? The fact of Han Yu? Teacher, so preaching, teaching, and confusing? The limitation of his point of view is the rigorous logical thinking and the ingenious use of the method of extension argument inadvertently.
4、? Teacher? Writing with the theme as the topic made the students tell many new educational and teaching ideas, which triggered my in-depth thinking on education and teaching. Students' thinking is sometimes ahead of time.