Read the following article and complete the question 15- 16.

Life is incomplete.

ji xianlin

Everyone strives for a complete life. However, since ancient times, there is no 100% complete life at home and abroad. So I said, life is incomplete.

On this point, ancient and modern folk proverbs and literati poems have talked a lot. The most common is Su Dongpo's sentence: "People have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs. This matter is ancient and difficult. " Fang Yue's poem in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Disappointment is often eight or nine times, but you can say the same thing with others." These are all quoted from time to time, which is well known. There are hundreds of similar examples.

This sentence applies to everyone, including the old emperor. They rule the world, "leading the land, but not the king's land", and can do whatever they want and kill people. It stands to reason that they should not have any dissatisfaction. In fact, however, the succession to the throne and the court struggle are ten thousand times more cruel than the people. They sat on their thrones with dignity, on pins and needles. Although they made up the myth that dragons are royal guests, they didn't believe it themselves. They try their best to live forever, most afraid of "once the soul is broken, the palace car will go out late." Even Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Emperor Taizong and other British sects can't be "exempt from customs". Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty made a dish of golden dew, and dreamed that he would live forever after drinking it. Emperor Taizong took the elixir of immortality of Indian Brahmins, hoping that he would not die. As a result, it backfired, and it was still a "dragon royal guest."

The ministers under these emperors, "one person is above ten thousand people", are extremely powerful, arrogant and corrupt. In this kind of people, there are probably few good things, otherwise Bao Gong and Hai Rui will never live forever and hang on to the universe for a long time. But when these people came to the emperor, they were just slaves. As the saying goes, companions are like tigers, which shows that their lives are not easy. It is said that when the ministers of the Ming dynasty went to court, they carried a small crane on the water board. Once the emperor was merciful and sentenced to death, he quickly licked a small crane with the tip of his tongue, immediately nirvana, leaving a whole body. It can be seen that the life of this group of people is not easy, let alone a perfect life.

As for ordinary people of my generation, life is even more difficult. Before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, it can't be said that there is no difference, but it is still "unsatisfactory things often happen" until today. I was "slaughtered" by vendors in the morning market; When a pickpocket cuts a bag on a bus, steps on someone, or is stepped on, he won't say "I'm sorry" at all, but will scold him and even perform fists and feet. When you arrive at the store, it is inevitable to buy fake and shoddy goods and get angry. Who can say that most of our lives are complete?

Besides, we helpless intellectuals rarely have a good life for a few days in history. Just one word "test" can make you talk about "test". Those who "take the exam" will also take the exam. In the imperial examination era of the old society, the imperial examination was the only way to progress. You only need to read Wu's The Scholars to have a thorough understanding of the imperial examination. Can't the embarrassment of a group of juren scholars, represented by Zhou Jin and Jin Fan, make you feel scared and cynical?

Now we are lucky to be born in a new society. However, the word "Kao" is like the palm of the Tathagata's hand, and you can't escape. Kindergarten to primary school, exam; Primary school to junior high school, exam; Junior high school entrance examination; From high school to college, take the exam; I want to be a master after graduating from college. Master wants to be a doctor. Take the exam. Test, test, test, become roast, roast, roast; Until the year of know life, bad luck is still inevitable. Modern intellectuals are trapped in this tight skynet, and there is nowhere to escape between heaven and earth. What is there to talk about in life?

The disaster is not limited to intellectuals: "Everyone has a difficult book to read." So I said "life is incomplete". This is an "ordinary truth"; But really understanding the meaning is good for yourself and people. For yourself, you can not be irritable or impatient; For people, they can understand each other. This is of great benefit to the stability and unity of the whole society.

(Selected from Random Thoughts of Ji Xianlin, with deletion)

15. If you don't understand what the word "this statement" refers to, one item is incorrect (3 points).

A. everyone strives for a complete life.

B. There is no 100% complete life.

C. people have joys and sorrows, and the moon has ups and downs. It was difficult to accomplish in ancient times.

D. Disappointment is often eight or nine times, but you can talk to others.

16. With the full text, answer the following questions.

(1) What kinds of people did the author choose as examples when expounding his views? Why do you want to write like this? (4 points)

(2) What is the practical significance of the author's view of "incomplete life"? (3 points)

15.A

16.( 1) Four types of people are chosen as examples.

These examples from ancient times to the present, from special to ordinary, increase the persuasiveness of the article and support the author's point of view from different angles.

(2) For yourself, you can be bored or not; For people, they can understand each other. This is of great benefit to the stability and unity of the whole society.

Fujian Quanzhou 20 10 Chinese examination paper (no answer)

(3) Read the excerpt from Understanding the Spirit of Things by Proper Means and complete the question 12- 14. (14)

I am a student of science. Let me talk about the importance of experimental spirit in science.

The history of scientific progress tells us that new knowledge can only be obtained through field experiments, not through self-discussion or philosophical conversation.

The process of experiment is not passive observation, but active and planned detection. For example, if we want to know the nature of bamboo, we must plant it specially to study its growth process. We must cut off the leaves and take them to the microscope for observation. We can never gain knowledge by standing by.

The process of the experiment is not random measurement, it needs a detailed plan. It is particularly important to have a suitable goal to guide the whole exploration process. As for how to choose this goal, it depends on the judgment and inspiration of the experimenter. A successful experiment needs foresight, courage and perseverance.

It can be understood why breakthroughs in basic knowledge are not common. We can also understand why academic progress in history only depends on the key discoveries of a few people.

Today, Wang Yangming's thoughts continue to support the thoughts of some China scholars. Because of this cultural background, most students in China tend to be theoretical and despise experiments, and tend to think abstractly instead of doing it. China students usually do well in their homework and get a score of 100 in the exam, but when they need to make up their minds in their research work, they are often at a loss.

I have personal experience to prove this. I received a traditional education since I was a child. When I went to an American university to study physics, I thought at first that as long as I "worked hard" and listened to the teacher's guidance, I would be able to go smoothly, but this is not the case. At the beginning of my research, I found that I can't just rely on teachers, I need to put forward my own opinions and ideas. At that time, I didn't know how much I suffered because I didn't prepare in advance. What scared me most was the only way at that time-burying oneself in reading to cope with everything, which didn't help the actual needs.

12. What are the main points expounded by the author? (3 points)

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13. What should I do in the process of scientific experiment? In the process of seeking knowledge, what bad study habits should be abandoned? Why? (8 points)

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14, choose a scientist's case from the text learned in junior high school as a factual argument to support the author's point of view. (3 points)

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Zhejiang Province 20 10 Junior High School Graduates Academic Examination (Yiwu Volume)

(2) (12)

Carry one's interest to the end.

Ge Liao Lingling kui dou

○ 120 10, Taiwan Province magician Liu performed CCTV Spring Festival Gala, which once again captivated the national TV audience and set off a magic fever. At the age of 7, an encounter in the supermarket made Liu Qian interested in magic, and the magical charm of magic deeply attracted him. He was fascinated, thinking day and night, pondering repeatedly, and his "magic power" continued to improve. /kloc-At the age of 0/2, Liu Qian won the first prize of "Taiwan Province Children's Magic Competition". From then on, he understood that "as long as you work hard on one thing, you will be rewarded." Finally, under the guidance of interest, persistent Liu Qian became one of the most famous magicians in the world at a young age.

○2 Interest is the starting point of Liu Qian's success, and carrying out interest in the end is the key to Liu Qian's success!

Interest is a great power to lead a person to success. Einstein said, "Interest is the best teacher." Confucius, an ancient educator in China, also said: "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy." Only by "being good" and "being happy" can we have a high enthusiasm for learning and a strong desire for knowledge, and we can never stop.

Our teachers and parents are well aware of this. Therefore, they always try their best to stimulate their children's interest in learning. But in reality, people only pay attention to "stimulating" children's interest and regard "interest" as a means to attract children's intentional attention. Psychologically speaking, interest refers to a person's psychological tendency to know and master something and often participate in such activities. In other words, interest is not only an intentional concern, but also a force to explore the mysteries of things and inspire people to forge ahead. It needs external stimulation, and more importantly, it comes from strong internal demand. If we only see the "external attraction" of interest and ignore its "internal demand", it will only make children's interest taste a little, but it will not last long, nor will it help to urge children to learn and progress, nor will it lead them to success.

○4 Interest is not a ticket for children to learn, but a spaceship carrying their career. In the process of children's growth, we should not only pay attention to the stimulation of children's interests, but also pay attention to tapping the internal needs of children's interests and let interests lead children to success.

○5 To cultivate children's lasting interest, it is necessary to identify children's interests. This requires us to carefully observe and analyze in the process of cultivating children's interest and help them ignite the fire of interest. In this process, we must oppose two tendencies: one is to "force interest" to force children to learn piano, olympiad and dance in order to get extra points in the exam ... it will only be counterproductive to impose interest on children. The second is "killing pleasure". For example, no matter how much children love football, no matter whether they have football talent or not, as long as they are not compulsory subjects for further studies, they are all prohibited, and children are not allowed to set foot in "foot". This practice is likely to kill China's "diego maradona" in the cradle.

○6 If you are interested, you will have motivation, and if you are interested for a long time, you will have lasting motivation. British Samuel? Smiles said: "The stronger a person's interest in a certain aspect, the more likely he is to learn this knowledge, so as to take amazing measures and achieve great success in the fields related to his interest!" Cai Yuanpei, an educator in China, said: "Education is to help the educated develop their own abilities and improve their personality." The essence of education is to explore children's interests, cultivate children's interests, provide broad space and strong support for children's interest development, let interest lead children forward, and let interest lead children to success.

(Excerpted from Education Times, March 10, 20 10, with changes)

What is the central argument of this article? (2 points)

12 "Interest is not only a ticket for our study, but also a spaceship carrying our career." What do the words "admission ticket" and "spaceship" mean respectively? (4 points)

(1) Admission ticket: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

(2) Spacecraft: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

13 What are the characteristics at the beginning of this article? (2 points)

14. The article says that "lasting interest will produce lasting motivation". Please seriously explore the profound meaning of this sentence and talk about your own experience in combination with reality. (About 50 words) (4 points)

1 1 "Carry interest to the end" or "Interest is the starting point of success, and carrying interest to the end is the key to success!" Or "there will be motivation if you are interested, and there will be lasting motivation if you have lasting interest."

12 (1) became interested in learning and began to study hard.

(2) generate lasting learning motivation.

13 quotes Liu Qian's case to draw out the argument.

14 case: If you want to make continuous progress, you must have a lasting interest in learning. In the past, I studied Chinese at www.yuwen 123.com, which affected the effect. To make progress, we must arouse the enthusiasm of learning and be happy for a long time.