Energy is the material basis for the survival and development of human society. Conventional energy systems based on oil and coal have greatly promoted and promoted the development of human society, but the over-exploitation of these conventional energy systems has directly led to environmental pollution. For sustainable development, we should fully develop and utilize clean energy.

Keywords: solar building energy

First, the position of sustainable solar energy in the future energy structure.

The International Energy Agency predicts that economic development cannot be separated from resources. At present, fossil energy is the most commonly used energy in the world. However, with the development of economy, the demand for coal and oil is increasing, and it will be exhausted one day. Different energy agencies have different forecast data on the world energy supply situation, but the basic conclusions are similar. In other words, the world's coal can only be used for 220 years, and fossil energy will occupy a large proportion in the energy supply structure station in a short time in the future. However, with the development of science and technology, renewable energy will gradually replace fossil energy, and will gradually enter large-scale application after 2030. With the sustainable development of economy, renewable energy will occupy an increasing proportion in energy resources. Compared with limited fossil fuel energy, solar energy is one of the most ideal renewable energy sources. With the radiation output of the sun, photon energy can be completely converted into all kinds of energy needed by human beings. In particular, light energy is converted into the most common and advanced electric energy, which can be converted into kinetic energy, thermal energy and other forms of energy. In other words, as long as we make full use of the most abundant solar energy in nature, we can fully meet the needs of human life and production.

Second, the inevitability of solar energy being fully utilized.

Modern industrial revolution started modern civilization, but it was based on large-scale exploitation and use of fossil fuels. "Oil is the blood of industry and coal is the food of industry" is the best interpretation of this situation. As a kind of non-renewable energy, the large-scale exploitation and use of fossil fuels make fossil resources increasingly exhausted, which can not meet the growing economic demand, and also induce political and economic disputes between many countries and regions, and even lead to conflicts and local wars. Although China is rich in mineral energy resources, its per capita energy resources are only about half that of the world. From the perspective of energy consumption structure, China is the largest coal consumer in the world, and according to rough estimation, coal resources in China can only be mined for 80 years, while oil resources can only be mined for 20 years. From 65438 to 0997, China officially became a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol, but its influence and binding nature brought great pressure to limit emissions. Thermal power generation in China, especially coal power generation, has been greatly restricted. Then China formally joined the WTO, and China's economy ushered in new opportunities. At the same time, China has officially entered the middle stage of industrialization, that is, the stage of heavy chemical industry, and its energy demand and consumption will also increase rapidly. In terms of environmental protection, the use of fossil energy has caused serious environmental pollution, and environmental problems such as greenhouse effect and acid rain have followed one after another, especially the greenhouse effect is an environmental problem faced by all mankind. For sustainable development, we must seek new renewable green energy. As the most abundant clean energy in nature, China's total annual radiation is 917-2,333 kw h/m2, which is one of the countries with abundant solar energy resources in the world. Therefore, solar energy is the first choice of renewable energy in China.

Third, the use of solar energy.

At present, the utilization of solar energy can be divided into photothermal conversion, photoelectric conversion and photochemical conversion. Among them, photothermal conversion and photoelectric conversion are the most mature. However, photochemical transformation is still in the research and development stage. This technology includes semiconductor electrode power generation and electrolysis of water to produce oxygen, and thermal decomposition and storage of energy using calcium hydroxide or heavy metal hydride. Only by solving the problem of hydrogen production from solar energy can hydrogen be truly utilized, which will cause changes in the times. Fourthly, the application of solar energy in architectural design.

At present, the construction industry is an important industry for economic development, and it is also an industry that consumes more energy. Especially now, housing is not only a shelter from the wind and rain, but also a superior living environment based on the sustainable and harmonious development of the natural environment, that is, making full use of green energy in buildings, reducing building energy consumption as much as possible, adapting to local conditions as much as possible under the fundamental premise of protecting the environment, and rationally utilizing local advantages to develop suitable buildings. Using solar energy as green and clean energy is a brand-new development idea for the construction industry. At present, the application of solar energy in architectural design mainly includes solar power generation, solar water heater, solar air conditioner and solar energy heating. As for the application of solar power generation in buildings, due to its technical limitations, the cost is too high, which is not suitable for large-scale promotion. Next, we will focus on the solar water heating system. Solar water heater is the most widely used green energy in architectural design. Solar hot water system is mainly composed of solar heat collection system and hot water supply system, including solar collector, water storage tank, circulating pipeline, support, control system, heat exchanger, water pump equipment and Fujian. Among them, solar heat collection system is a unique part of solar hot water system, which is the key to the rational use of solar energy. So how to make full use of solar energy and give full play to the efficacy of solar water heating system?

First, we must first accept the concept of green building in thinking, and combine the creativity and thinking of clean energy with architectural design in the architectural design stage.

Secondly, as mentioned above, solar energy collection system is the key to solar energy utilization, so if we want to use solar water heating system in architectural design, the first thing to do is to respect the test report of authoritative quality inspection department, combine the performance parameters in the data, and then optimize the design according to the solar energy resources and meteorological conditions where the building is located to ensure the long-term stable operation of solar energy collection system.

Thirdly, solar water heating system has formed a mature theoretical system and practical structure, but many traditional buildings have not reserved space for solar water heaters. This will hinder the promotion and development of solar water heaters, so the reserved space of solar water heaters should be fully considered in architectural design. Fourthly, in order to ensure the design of solar hot water system is reasonable, both architectural design units and solar hot water system design units should participate in the design. At the same time, the installation of solar water heaters should meet the requirements of building functions and building protection, so that solar water heaters can be organically combined with buildings and coordinated with the surrounding environment. Summary: Architecture is the main pillar of the national economy, and energy is also the lifeblood of the national economy. With a series of environmental problems caused by the exhaustion and overexploitation of conventional energy, we should stick to the road of sustainable development, speed up technical research and fully develop and utilize solar energy.

References:

[1] Li. Application of energy-saving technology in green building design. Building environment and equipment, no.38.

Cui Rongqiang, Zhao Chunjiang, Wu Dacheng. Grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation system. Chemical industry press

[3] Qin. Application of solar energy utilization in green building design. Xiangyang water conservancy planning and design institute

;