In order to promote the reform and development of higher education and meet the needs of economic and social development, in recent years, the enrollment scale of colleges and universities in China has expanded year by year, and the number of medical graduates has increased significantly. The employment of medical graduates is facing severe tests and challenges, and stomatology, once a sunrise specialty, is also facing a downward trend year by year.
1 Employment status of students majoring in stomatology
1. 1 The number of stomatological graduates keeps increasing, and the employment rate shows a downward trend: the number of stomatological graduates increases sharply, but paradoxically, the annual growth rate of social demand for stomatological graduates is limited. The undergraduate course of stomatology in our school is the sunrise specialty of our school. The number of students enrolled each year has increased from 45 to more than 60, and the employment rate after graduation has reached over 95%. However, it is difficult for most graduates to enter the top three hospitals, find jobs and find good jobs. The reform of medical and health undertakings has increased the independent sovereignty of major hospitals and medical units. Many hospitals have reduced staff and increased efficiency, promoted development by improving quality and increasing efficiency, and significantly improved the requirements for talent quality. In recent years, medical graduates at all levels have gradually shown such a trend: the employment of master students and doctoral students is basically the same, the employment of undergraduates has exceeded the demand, and the supply of junior college students far exceeds the demand; Among them, the graduation rate of key institutions is higher than that of ordinary institutions. It is difficult for stomatological undergraduates to enter a large hospital with a grade of 2.3 or above. Therefore, it will be more and more difficult for stomatological graduates to find jobs in the next few years.
1.2 The demand for stomatological talents in big cities is shrinking, and grass-roots hospitals are thirsty for talents, but there are few people: after years of continuous training, stomatological talents in big cities have reached the basic saturation state and it is difficult to grow.
Recruit a large number of oral graduates. Because there are many graduates to choose from, large hospitals basically require a master's degree or above. Small and medium-sized hospitals and hospitals in remote areas have a great demand for dental undergraduates, but many dental graduates are reluctant to go because of relatively poor conditions. Today's job fairs can see such scenes: the recruitment stage of big cities and hospitals is crowded; Small and medium-sized hospitals and hospitals in remote areas are enthusiastic, but nobody cares.
1.3 The concept of choosing a job for stomatology students is outdated: the employment situation of stomatology graduates was good in previous years, and some stomatology graduates lacked the sense of competition and urgency because of their professional advantages. In the face of the current severe employment situation, some stomatological graduates have an outdated concept of choosing a job, and pursue a big hospital with high salary, comfort and fame and fortune, hoping to become an stomatological worker easily, instead of focusing on private stomatological institutions or stomatological related industries.
2 Analysis of the reasons for the employment difficulties of stomatological students
2. 1 social factors: the imbalance of regional economic development leads to the deviation of medical students' employment choice. With the rapid development of rural economy, the demand for doctors has changed: from cities to rural areas, from large hospitals to primary hospitals. The reform of personnel system and employment mechanism in medical and health institutions is relatively slow, which leads to the superiority of "relationship competition" over "quality competition" in employment, and cultivates the idea of "choosing a job once for life" for stomatological graduates, which indirectly leads to the current situation of medical students' employment difficulties. At the same time, employers also waste talents when selecting talents, blindly pursuing high education, resulting in unnecessary waste of talents.
2.2 School education and personal factors of stomatological students: At present, the education mode of most medical colleges still emphasizes the improvement of medical students' professional knowledge and skills, ignoring the cultivation of humanistic cultivation and comprehensive quality. With the expansion of enrollment, the clinical teaching resources of stomatology in medical colleges are relatively scarce, and the opportunities for clinical practice of stomatology students are getting less and less. Some medical colleges and universities are relatively backward in employment guidance for stomatological students, which has become the reason why it is difficult for stomatological students to find jobs. The employment expectation of medical students is often higher than that provided by employers. However, inadequate preparation before employment, lack of solid professional knowledge, high employment expectations, low frustration tolerance of individual medical students, and some medical students regard postgraduate entrance examination as the only way to obtain employment, which will affect employment.
3 Countermeasures to solve the employment of stomatological students
3. 1 Improve the employment market of stomatology students from the social point of view. Gradually improve the employment system for college students with "market orientation, government regulation, school recommendation and two-way choice between students and employers". According to the law and characteristics of medical graduates' employment, we should formulate positive employment policies, adjust students' expectations, so that graduates with employment aspirations can be fully employed, and at the same time encourage graduates to establish grass-roots employment ideas.
3.2 From the perspective of the school, correctly guide the employment of stomatological students. The employment education of medical students should start with entrance education, so that students can understand the employment status and prospects of their major, realize the severe employment situation, and dilute the consciousness of "favored children". Help medical students to update their employment concept, establish the idea of "survival first, development later, employment first, career choice later", apply for jobs many times, and constantly improve their social viability. Strengthen the employment guidance for stomatological graduates and improve the psychological guidance and consultation system for medical students. Make full use of modern information technology to improve the efficiency of graduates' resource allocation and do everything possible to improve the employment rate.
From the perspective of stomatology students themselves, we should establish a correct view of employment, adjust the psychological misunderstanding of employment and broaden the employment ideas. With the gradual implementation of the new medical reform plan, the employment direction of stomatology graduates will change, with cities mainly supplementing communities and rural areas mainly supplementing towns and villages, and the whole employment center will move down. Reduce the level of employment and seize those cities that are not developed at present, but have enough development potential and broad development space to display their talents; To expand the field of employment, we should not stick to our professional counterparts, but dare to engage in emerging industries similar to or adjacent to stomatology.
For a long time to come, the employment situation of students majoring in stomatology will be quite severe, which requires the mutual cooperation, understanding and support of the government, society, schools, students and hospitals. I believe that as long as the social economy keeps steady growth, with the joint efforts of government departments at all levels, universities and students themselves, the majority of stomatological students can find jobs that suit them.