This paper discusses the development trend of motor vehicle safety technical inspection, including safety inspection mode, inspection equipment and inspection items, inspection standards, inspection period and inspection station. Keywords: motor vehicle safety technology detection development 1 introduction In recent years, the number of motor vehicles in China has increased sharply, and the problem of motor vehicle operation safety has become more and more prominent. Strengthening motor vehicle management and attaching importance to motor vehicle safety technical inspection have become an important topic to be studied and solved urgently by the whole society, especially the public security traffic management department, and also provide a good opportunity for the development of motor vehicle safety technical inspection in China. Following the requirements of the times, this paper discusses the development trend of motor vehicle safety technology inspection suitable for the national conditions from several aspects. 2. Formulate a safety inspection mode suitable for China's national conditions. After more than ten years of practice, China's motor vehicle safety inspection has gone through the road of germination, formation, development and perfection, and accumulated rich experience. But in essence, the inspection technology, inspection equipment and inspection standards are basically copied from abroad. This has played a positive role in promoting the technical inspection of motor vehicle safety in China, but it has also exposed many problems in practice. Compared with developed countries, China's car conditions and road conditions are quite different, the cultural quality of drivers and inspectors is relatively low, and the policies of traffic management and automobile industry are also different. In view of many problems existing in the current motor vehicle safety technical inspection, it is of great significance to establish a motor vehicle safety inspection model suitable for China's national conditions. In order to establish China's motor vehicle safety inspection mode, China Motor Vehicle Safety Inspection Research Association officially started this work on 1996. After two years' efforts, two documents, China Motor Vehicle Safety Inspection Mode and China Motor Vehicle Safety Inspection Mode, have been formed, which can provide reference for the decision-making of the competent authorities and serve as a work guide for the motor vehicle inspection industry. The connotation of motor vehicle safety inspection mode in China mainly includes management system, operation mechanism, regulations, standards, equipment, implementing agencies and employees. Its extension is the management of testing equipment, executing agencies and employees. Its purpose is to strengthen the management and standardization of motor vehicle safety inspection in China, so as to improve the safety of motor vehicle operation, reduce public hazards, and also promote the improvement of motor vehicle manufacturing and maintenance quality and the detection of motor vehicle crime cases. Its basic feature is that according to China's national conditions, under the leadership of the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, it is organized and implemented by provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), city and county public security management departments and social forces, with fixed detection stations and mobile detection stations coexisting, and according to relevant national laws, regulations and standards, the necessary technical means and scientific methods are used to detect the technical performance of motor vehicles. 3 Research, production and management of testing equipment Increase the development of new equipment, and constantly improve and increase testing equipment to make it more suitable for actual needs. Single detection equipment is more and more advanced, all sensors have changed from mechanical to electronic, and the control mode has changed from relay control to computer control. Data collection and processing must use computers to reduce the influence of human factors. The detection equipment has developed from imitation to independent development, from single machine and single function to single machine and multi-function. At present, it is necessary to develop an automatic headlamp instrument with asymmetric light automatic centering; ② Automatic identification and retrieval device for motor vehicle license plate; ③ Automatic insertion device for engine pollutant discharge; ④ Four-wheel positioning dynamic measurement system; (5) carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and oxygen four gas analyzer; ⑥ Brake coordination time and pedal force detector; ⑦ Transparent smoke meter; ⑧ Shock absorber efficiency detector; Pet-name ruby drum diameter, high speed, surface coating close to the road, equipped with a single chip microcomputer for data processing brake test-bed; Attending the new computer control system to achieve the recent regional intranet, long-term national networking and IC card support. In order to strengthen the management of motor vehicle inspection equipment industry, under the leadership of the Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, the National Catalogue of Motor Vehicle Safety Inspection Equipment Products (I) and (II) compiled by the China Motor Vehicle Safety Inspection Research Association have achieved initial results in rectifying the production order of inspection equipment. At present, an important problem affecting the use and management of motor vehicle testing equipment is the lack of testing equipment standards. The research society is organizing the establishment of industry standards, standardizing the behavior of manufacturers, and then formulating national standards when conditions are ripe. With the development of science and technology, China's regulations and standards on vehicle inspection need to be constantly revised in content and unified form, so as to further promote the scientific and practical use of relevant indicators and limits, make regulations and standards gradually become sacred and solemn law enforcement basis, and promote the development of China's vehicle inspection system. Technical Requirements for Motor Vehicle Operation Safety (GB7258- 1997) was implemented on June 5438+0998+ 10/day, and the new standard is more comprehensive, substantial and specific. However, in the implementation process, some corresponding standards need to be revised as soon as possible. China Motor Vehicle Safety Testing Research Association has made great achievements in compiling standards such as Recommended Catalogue of Motor Vehicle Safety Testing Equipment Products in China, Classification and Code of Motor Vehicle Safety Testing Equipment, and Technical Requirements for Computer Control System of Motor Vehicle Safety Testing Line. There are still some new laws and standards that need to be formulated, such as the scrapping standard of motor vehicle testing equipment, the national unified and standardized test result record form, the provisions on examination and personnel assessment of testing stations and so on. It is also urgent to formulate and implement stricter emission and noise control standards. Two major public hazards caused by motor vehicles: one is exhaust emissions, and the other is noise. Foreign developed countries are very strict about the emission of engine pollutants. In recent years, China has paid more and more attention to environmental protection. Some cities have started to use unleaded gasoline, and different provinces and cities may have different requirements in the future. Countries also attach great importance to urban noise caused by automobiles, and have different dynamic and static detection standards. China has issued a national standard for static method detection and restriction, but this is far from enough. 5 Enriching the content of testing items The testing items tend to increase in detail, but in line with China's economic development, in view of the main factors and weak links that affect vehicle safety and environmental protection, the testing items and control efforts are dynamically adjusted in different periods to solve the main unsafe problems. At present, the items that must be tested include: appearance inspection (including body and chassis), speed indication detection, exhaust pollutant detection, light intensity and irradiation angle detection of front lights, side slip detection, axle load and braking force detection, horn noise detection, etc. In view of the safety of driving on the expressway in use, some optional inspection items will be added. According to the investigation and referring to the inspection items in Europe, it is emphasized that the items that may lead to failure due to the increase of vehicle speed are suspension system inspection, wheel dynamic balance, tire wear and starting. Braking performance test is an extremely important test item for all vehicles. The general principle is that the higher the vehicle speed, the greater the ratio of braking force to the total mass of the vehicle (which may exceed 65%), and vice versa (which may be lower than 45%), which is consistent with the corresponding required braking deceleration, so its limit value should not be the same for all types of vehicles. In addition, the detection of wheel dynamic balance and the depth of tread pattern are closely related to steering wheel vibration, braking performance, side slip prevention and tire puncture when driving at high speed (V > 90km/h). To this end, we will consider adding the items of on-board wheel dynamic balance detection and tread pattern depth detection to the car at an appropriate time. As for the detection of horn noise, it is forbidden to honk in large and medium-sized cities, so we can consider canceling this detection. But it is necessary to detect the internal and external noise of the vehicle. 6 promoting the rationalization of inspection cycle the formulation of regular inspection cycle of motor vehicles is an important part of China's inspection model. In order to adapt to the national conditions of China, the cycle and necessity of each inspection item depends on the specific vehicle type, performance and quality, user characteristics and inspection requirements. At present, all kinds of motor vehicles and vehicle management agencies generally implement the compulsory annual inspection system, the cycle is one year, but it is not uniform, and some places implement different cycle regulations. Combined with China's national conditions and foreign experience, it is reasonable to implement the inspection system combining regular inspection with irregular inspection according to vehicle types, old and new vehicle conditions, potential safety hazards, vehicle manufacturing quality and service conditions. Yes, it has passed GB/TI9000? A well-known brand-name domestic car certified by ISO9000 standard system or product certification may be exempted from the initial registration inspection with the approval of the vehicle management department. Can the inspection cycle of all kinds of motor vehicles be defined as: cars (except taxis and operating buses) 1 year, first inspection of taxis and operating buses 1 year, second inspection and 0.5 years thereafter? Motorcycle 1 year; The first inspection of agricultural transport vehicles and transport wheeled tractors 1 year, 0.5 years after the second inspection; All motor vehicles have been used for more than 5 years, and the annual inspection is twice. 7. Improve the operation and management of inspection stations. The inspection station is responsible for the safety inspection of motor vehicles in use in society. In foreign countries, most inspection stations belong to private institutions, but they are entrusted by the government to carry out motor vehicle safety inspection. For example, in Germany, car testing is carried out by TV and DEKRA recognized by the government. They are independent non-profit organizations, and the charging standard for vehicle inspection is based on the principle of balance of payments. In China, the automobile safety technical inspection station is planned by the public security vehicle management department, and can also be entrusted by social forces. With the increase of vehicles, especially private vehicles, the guiding ideology and purpose of the inspection station should be: not for profit, to handle affairs impartially, to ensure the inspection quality and the enthusiasm of serving the society. The charge is based on the principle of balance of payments, emphasizing social benefits, and gradually changing the current mandatory vehicle inspection of the owner into the conscious vehicle inspection of the owner. At present, there are a large number of new drivers in China. Different from the past, the driver's license test is not for professional needs, but for "taking a car instead of walking". They can only drive, and they can't or have no time to repair cars. This phenomenon will be more and more, which requires the government and relevant departments to do a lot of work, especially to greatly improve the traffic safety awareness of the whole people. It also requires inspection stations to strengthen management, constantly improve the technical level and service awareness of inspection personnel, adopt scientific inspection means and equipment, establish and implement good rules and regulations for in-station service, and better serve the society. Conclusion In a word, through learning and development, the development of motor vehicle safety technical inspection in China has been greatly improved, which can be said to be close to the advanced level in the world. The future development direction is: focus on reality, consider development, embody the purpose of facilitating users and serving society, further improve inspection regulations and standards, enrich inspection items, emphasize computer application, highlight environmental protection, improve inspection quality and efficiency, adapt to the gradual networking of high-grade highways in China, and ensure motor vehicle safety more effectively. Reference 1 edited by Qin Yulin. GB7258？ 1997 "technical requirements for motor vehicle operation safety" was issued. Beijing: China Standards Publishing House, 1997 2 Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of China Motor Vehicle Safety Testing Technology Research Association. 1994, 1997 3 Zhou Deguang, Dai, et al. Investigation report on motor vehicle safety inspection in Germany. 18660.6886868666 17