When I was in primary school, I was asked to write a short narrative. Healthy thinking, specific content, clear organization, fluent sentences, neat handwriting, be careful not to write typos.
Correct use of learned punctuation marks. Can write commonly used practical articles: leave notes, leave notes, blackboard drafts, diaries, letters, notices, simple reading notes, meeting minutes.
Thesis is an article used to carry out scientific research and describe scientific research results, which is referred to as a thesis for short. It is not only a means to discuss problems in scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements for academic exchange.
Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, etc. , collectively referred to as academic papers.
2. What are the papers published by universities? 1. Definition:
The so-called thesis is an article that discusses or studies a certain problem. Its extension is an article, and its connotation is discussion and research. Therefore, it is a reasoning article. The emphasis here is on understanding "discussion" and "research", which are the essential attributes of the paper.
Second, the classification:
First, scientific research papers. Is to investigate a problem and write an investigation report; An experimental report written after a scientific experiment on a certain problem; An experience report that summarizes an experience and rises to a higher theoretical level. Their common characteristics are clear research object and clear practice process, which reflect the author's practice and research process. They often make qualitative and quantitative analysis through measurement, statistical data and environmental evidence. If it is studied as a subject, it is a research report.
The second is academic papers. It is a paper that has not experimented or practiced a certain problem, but relies on a certain theory or consulting literature to conceive and explore in theory and put forward strategic thinking. Or a paper that critically thinks about a theoretical problem.
The above two papers are not necessarily completely independent individuals, and there is no completely divided boundary.
3. Is it necessary for college graduates to write papers? By writing graduation thesis, the relatively in-depth investigation, analysis and research on a certain problem within the professional scope can be written, which can not only provide a basis for the comprehensive evaluation of graduates, but also enable graduates to explore their own knowledge base.
It is absolutely necessary for graduates to write papers. In fact, a large part of students who are unwilling to write their own papers are influenced by the impetuous style of study in some universities, and they don't have much ability to really analyze and solve problems. For them, writing a paper is a bit like driving a duck to the shelves.
According to my observation, many students still cherish writing graduation thesis, and will regard it as the most sacred homework in the university and finish it carefully.
4. What is a thesis? Thesis is a branch of composition. The elements of the paper are: argument, argument and argument.
Generally speaking, three aspects are indispensable. Composition can be divided into: argumentative, expository, narrative and practical. In addition, composition can be divided into four categories: prose, drama, novel and poetry.
In short, the meaning coverage of the composition is far greater than that of the argumentative essay. First, the title is the eye of the article. The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects.
The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title. (1) The general title is the embodiment of the overall content of the article.
Common writing methods are: ① revealing the essence of the theme. This title form, which highly summarizes the content of the full text, is often the central argument of the article.
It has a high degree of clarity, which is convenient for readers to grasp the core of the full text. Such titles are many and common.
For example, on economic system model, on economic center, and my opinion on the reform of county-level administrative institutions. 2 types of questions.
In fact, the author's point of view is very clear, but the meaning is euphemistic and needs readers to think. This form of title is easy to attract readers' attention because of its implied point of view.
For example, "Is the family contract system a single job?" Is commodity economy equal to capitalist economy? "and so on. (2) explain the scope of content.
This form of title, from its own point of view, does not see the author's point of view, but only limits the scope of the article. On the one hand, it is difficult to summarize the main points of the article in one sentence; On the other hand, explaining the scope of the article can attract the attention of peers and readers, so as to attract * * *.
This form of address is also very common. For example, the two-tier management system in rural areas of China, correctly handling the relationship between the central government and local governments, and the analysis of post-war western trade liberalization, etc.
4. Use judgment sentences. This title form limits the content of the full text and is flexible.
The research object of this paper is specific and small, but the extended ideas must be strong and broad. This kind of title focuses on small things and big things, which is conducive to the expansion of scientific thinking and scientific research.
For example, we can see the light of hope in rural China from the rise of township enterprises, scientific and technological progress and agricultural economy, and see the essence of beauty from "labor creates beauty". ⑤ Use visualized sentences.
Such as inspiring management system, dawn in the history of science and technology, and shining theory. There are many styles of titles, and the author can make bold innovations in practice.
(II) Subtitles and Subtitles In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title is supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled. In particular, some controversial papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding "and ××; Subtitles like "thoughtful"
In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added. For example, how to look at the current labor remuneration difference-also talk about the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein-and explore a development strategy to solve the problem of eating.
The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article. Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following.
It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it is closely related to the content of the hierarchy and the close relationship between the upper and lower levels. There are three requirements for the topic: first, it must be clear.
It is necessary to reveal the scope or argument of the topic, so that people can know the general outline of the article, the main content of the discussion and the author's writing intention after reading the topic, instead of specious, hiding the head and revealing the tail, and playing hide-and-seek with readers. Second, be concise.
The topic of the paper should not be too long. If it is too long, it will make people feel cumbersome and cumbersome, and they will not get a clear impression, thus affecting the overall evaluation of the article. Don't be too abstract and empty, and don't use very useful or invented words in the title, so as not to make readers feel like a sea of smoke when they see the title, and they can only understand it after reading the text completely.
Third, it must be novel. The title, like the content and form of the article, should have its own uniqueness.
Not unconventional, unconventional, fascinating and pleasing to the eye, thus arousing readers' interest in reading. Second, the catalogue Generally speaking, the graduation thesis with a long length is without subtitles.
Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system. The main purpose of setting the directory is: 1. Make readers have a general understanding of the content and structure of the full text before reading the paper, so that readers can decide whether to read it, whether to read it intensively or skim it.
2. It is convenient for readers to choose a sub-argument in the text. A long paper has many sub-arguments besides the central argument.
When readers need to know more about a sub-argument, they can rely on the table of contents to save time. The table of contents is usually placed in front of the text of the paper, so it is the guide map of the paper.
In order to make the directory really play the role of a map, we must pay attention to: 1. Accuracy. The content must be consistent with the outline of the full text.
In other words, the title, subtitle and content of this paper are one-to-one correspondence. 2. Clear and correct.
The table of contents should be marked with the page number of the table of contents one by one in the text. Page numbers must be clear and correct.
3. complete. Because the table of contents is the guide map of the paper, it must be complete.
In other words, all the contents of the article should be reflected in the catalogue and must not be omitted. There are two basic types of directories: 1. A directory expressed in words.
2. Digital catalogue. This kind of catalogue is rare.
However, it is easy for readers to read long speeches, and some of them use this method. Third, the content summary is the epitome of the full text.
Here, the author outlines the overall appearance of the full text with extremely economical pen and ink; Put forward the main arguments of the paper and reveal the research content of the paper.
5. How to write a graduation thesis? First, the title
The title is the eye of the article. The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects. The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title.
Second, the directory
Generally speaking, long graduation thesis has no subtitle. Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system.
Three. Platform for action
Abstract is the epitome of the full text. Here, the author outlines the overall appearance of the full text with extremely economical pen and ink; Put forward the main arguments, reveal the research results of the paper, and briefly describe the framework of the full text.
Fourth, the text.
The text includes introduction, theory and conclusion. This is the most important part of the graduation thesis.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) reference
References, also called bibliography, refer to the books, newspapers and periodicals consulted by the author in the process of writing his graduation thesis, which should be listed at the end of the graduation thesis. There are three advantages to listing references: first, when the author himself finds that there is an error in the quotation, it is easy to find and correct it. Second, teachers of graduation thesis defense committee can know the breadth of students' reading materials as a reference for graduation thesis review. Third, it is convenient for readers who study similar problems to consult relevant viewpoints and materials.
6. How to write a graduation thesis? First, the title is the eye of the article.
The titles of various articles have many styles, but no matter what form, they always reflect the author's writing intention and the main idea of the article in all or different aspects. The title of graduation thesis is generally divided into general title, sub-title and sub-title.
(1) The general title is the embodiment of the overall content of the article. Common writing methods are: ① revealing the essence of the theme.
This title form, which highly summarizes the content of the full text, is often the central argument of the article. It has a high degree of clarity, which is convenient for readers to grasp the core of the full text.
Such titles are many and common. For example, on economic system model, on economic center, and my opinion on the reform of county-level administrative institutions.
2 types of questions. In fact, the author's point of view is very clear, but the meaning is euphemistic and needs readers to think.
This form of title is easy to attract readers' attention because of its implied point of view. For example, "Is the family contract system a single job?" Is commodity economy equal to capitalist economy? "and so on.
(2) explain the scope of content. This form of title, from its own point of view, does not see the author's point of view, but only limits the scope of the article.
On the one hand, it is difficult to summarize the main points of the article in one sentence; On the other hand, explaining the scope of the article can attract the attention of peers and readers, so as to attract * * *. This form of address is also very common.
For example, the two-tier management system in rural areas of China, correctly handling the relationship between the central government and local governments, and the analysis of post-war western trade liberalization, etc. 4. Use judgment sentences.
This title form limits the content of the full text and is flexible. The research object of this paper is specific and small, but the extended ideas must be strong and broad.
This kind of title focuses on small things and big things, which is conducive to the expansion of scientific thinking and scientific research. For example, we can see the light of hope in rural China from the rise of township enterprises, scientific and technological progress and agricultural economy, and see the essence of beauty from the perspective of creating beauty through labor.
⑤ Use visualized sentences. Such as inspiring management system, dawn in the history of science and technology, and shining theory.
There are many styles of titles, and the author can make bold innovations in practice. (II) Subtitles and Subtitles In order to point out the research object, content and purpose of the paper, the general title is supplemented and explained, and some papers can also be subtitled.
In particular, some argumentative papers generally have a subtitle, such as adding a subtitle such as "Discussion with * *" under the general title. In addition, in order to emphasize a key point of the paper, a subtitle can be added.
For example, how to look at the current labor remuneration difference-also talk about the bourgeois rights in distribution according to work, develop protein resources and improve the utilization efficiency of protein-and explore a development strategy to solve the problem of eating. The main purpose of setting the subtitle is to clearly show the level of the article.
Some use words, which generally express the central content of this level; Some also use numbers, which only indicate the order of "one, two, three", and play the role of connecting the preceding with the following. It should be noted that no matter which form is adopted, it is closely related to the content of the hierarchy and the close relationship between the upper and lower levels.
There are three requirements for the topic: first, it must be clear. It is necessary to reveal the scope or argument of the topic, so that people can know the general outline of the article, the main content of the discussion and the author's writing intention after reading the topic, instead of specious, hiding the head and revealing the tail, and playing hide-and-seek with readers.
Second, be concise. The topic of the paper should not be too long. If it is too long, it will make people feel cumbersome and cumbersome, and they will not get a clear impression, thus affecting the overall evaluation of the article.
Don't be too abstract and empty, and don't use very useful or invented words in the title, so as not to make readers feel like a sea of smoke when they see the title, and they can only understand it after reading the text completely. Third, it must be novel.
The title, like the content and form of the article, should have its own uniqueness. Not unconventional, unconventional, fascinating and pleasing to the eye, thus arousing readers' interest in reading.
Second, the catalogue Generally speaking, the graduation thesis with a long length is without subtitles. Papers with subheadings generally have a table of contents because of their multi-level content and complex theoretical system.
The main purpose of setting the directory is: 1. Make readers have a general understanding of the content and structure of the full text before reading the paper, so that readers can decide whether to read it, whether to read it intensively or skim it. 2. It is convenient for readers to choose a sub-argument in the text.
A long paper has many sub-arguments besides the central argument. When readers need to know more about a sub-argument, they can rely on the table of contents to save time.
The table of contents is usually placed in front of the text of the paper, so it is the guide map of the paper. In order to make the directory really play the role of a map, we must pay attention to: 1. Accuracy.
The content must be consistent with the outline of the full text. In other words, the title, subtitle and content of this paper are one-to-one correspondence.
2. Clear and correct. The table of contents should be marked with the page number of the table of contents one by one in the text.
Page numbers must be clear and correct. 3. complete.
Because the table of contents is the guide map of the paper, it must be complete. In other words, all the contents of the article should be reflected in the catalogue and must not be omitted.
There are two basic types of directories: 1. A directory expressed in words. 2. Digital catalogue.
This kind of catalogue is rare. However, it is easy for readers to read long speeches, and some of them use this method.
Third, the content summary is the epitome of the full text. Here, the author outlines the overall appearance of the full text with extremely economical pen and ink; Put forward the main arguments, reveal the research results of the paper, and briefly describe the framework of the full text.
Abstract is an accessory part of the text, usually placed at the beginning of the paper.