A Brief Analysis of Confucius' Educational Thought —— A Brief Analysis of Confucius' Educational Thought
About the author: Wang Xue (199 1-), female, Han nationality, born in Quxian County, Sichuan Province, undergraduate, unit: Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics and Information, West China Normal University, research direction: Mathematics and Applied Mathematics.
Abstract: Confucius is an indispensable figure in the history of oriental education development, and his educational thoughts have influenced it to this day. Interpreting his educational thoughts is of great significance to today's social education.
Keywords: Confucius; The Analects of Confucius; Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude; Teaching thought; arouse
Classification number of China Library: G64 1 Document ID: A document number:1006-026x (2013)1-0000-01.
Confucius (about 5565438 BC+0-479 BC) was a thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period in China. What is the core of Confucius' theory? Ren? And then what? A gift? Advocate? The benevolent loves others? 、? Self-denial is benevolence? 、? See no evil, don't listen to evil, don't talk evil, don't move evil? Emphasize loyalty, filial piety and kindness. Teaching ideas and teaching methods acknowledge innate differences, but emphasize more? Learn and know? Advocate? Don't teach in class Paying attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is fully reflected in The Analects. Confucius' educational thought has been analyzed and summarized from many aspects, forming a relatively complete educational thought. Understanding his thoughts is of great significance to the development of education.
First, the object of education: no difference in teaching
According to records, there are 3,000 students in Confucius, but during the Spring and Autumn Period when Confucius lived, education followed? Studying in the government? Traditionally, education has been monopolized by aristocratic children, and ordinary children have no chance to receive education. The reason why there are so many students is because Confucius first proposed? Don't teach in class That everyone in the world has the right to education. Both the poor and the rich have the right to accept it. Confucius said:? I've trained myself and I've never been rude. ("The Analects? And "). ? Beam repair? It was dried bacon, which was a gift from the teacher. As long as there is a training ceremony, that is, receiving education under Confucius, Confucius will not refuse. This is not because Confucius is willing to teach him to learn because of his talent, but? Beam repair? It was affordable at that time, and anyone could study under them. This is one, and another story can illustrate Confucius' requirements for the qualifications of the educated. There is a place called Xiangxiang, where people are not good and it is difficult to talk. A boy from his hometown asked to see Confucius, but Confucius accepted. The master was puzzled, Confucius explained. If you don't advance, you will retreat. What's the point? Only by leading an honest and clean life can we make progress. If you are clean, you can't guarantee your future. ("The Analects? In other words, as long as a person is willing to make progress, no matter what kind of person he used to be, as long as he can be honest and upright in order to get educational opportunities, we can't deprive him of his right to education. It fully explains the teaching concept of teaching without distinction.
Second, educational methods, contents and objectives
1. Educational methods
In Confucius' teaching thought? Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude? And enlightenment are the basic methods of education. Teach students in accordance with their aptitude, and carry out different education according to the specific situation of learners' interests and abilities. Confucius said:? Chai is also a fool, a teacher and a teacher. ? (The Analects of Confucius) This shows Confucius' understanding of students. Confucius said:? In Chinese, you can also use language; Under China, you can't talk. ? (chapter 2 1 of Yongye) means that the teaching content of different difficulties should be taught according to different students and different intelligence levels. Although this move is not? Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude? Four words, but in Zhu's Notes on Four Books? Master teaches students in accordance with their aptitude? It fully shows that Confucius teaches people and teaches students in accordance with their aptitude.
Confucius said:? Not angry, not angry, not angry. If an angle is not reversed by three angles, there will be no more. ? ("The Analects? I won't enlighten a person until he tries his best to understand things, but he still can't figure it out. I won't enlighten him until he tries his best to express his inner thoughts but can't think of the right words. If I tell him that one angle is like this and he can't deduce that the other three angles are the same, then I won't say anything more. Is there one in the sentence? Kay? One? Send? It fully embodies Confucius' heuristic teaching. This method is instructive to contemporary education.
2. Educational content
The content of Confucius education:? Confucius teaching inherited the tradition of six arts education in the Western Zhou Dynasty. What is the teaching plan? Writing is learned, meet with courtesy? The basic subjects are poetry, books, etiquette and music. Ziyi private education:? Wen, Xing, Zhong and Xin? ("The Analects? The content of moral education: benevolence and courtesy, filial piety and faith. Confucius said:? What's wrong with being heartless? A heartless person is happy (The Analects of Confucius? Bashu) means: if people are heartless, how to use the ceremony, and if the ceremony is heartless, how to use the music. Explain the importance of benevolence in teaching. Confucius said:? A few words of advice from parents Do not follow your own wishes, do not violate, and do not complain. ? ("The Analects? It means to serve your parents. If your parents are at fault, you should gently persuade them. I made it clear, but it was not accepted. I still respect them, don't defy confrontation, and continue to work without resentment. This is that full expression of filial piety. Confucius said:? People can't stand it without faith? ("The Analects? Yan yuan) means that people have no place to stand without credit. If a country cannot win the trust of ordinary people, it will collapse. It emphasizes the importance of loyalty in education. He teaches students? Six classics? (Poetry, Books, Rites, Music, Book of Changes, Spring and Autumn Period), the teaching content of Confucius' Confucianism was added later? Six arts? , including as a gift, music, shooting, imperial, book, number. It includes moral cultivation, knowledge imparting and ability training. Confucius' teaching does not take books as all the learning materials, but studies in books and at the same time in life. This will lay the foundation for the all-round development of students.
3. Educational objectives
Scholar's Way 3:? The benevolent is not worried, the knower is not confused, and the brave is not afraid? ("The Analects? Xianwen) refers to a real gentleman who has achieved inner benevolence, knowledge and courage, thus reducing troubles, doubts and fears. This reflects the educational goal of Confucius in educating people to learn. In terms of training objectives, Confucius pays attention to? Cultivate talents? Cultivating talents for the country is also the goal of Confucius education. ? Learning well is being an official? ("The Analects? The recommendation of talents by Zhang Zi and Confucius is consistent, which embodies Confucius' goal of cultivating talents for the country. Confucius warned students? If you don't suffer, you will suffer. ("The Analects? Confucius recommended students to go into politics and recommended talents in principle. First of all, you can't be an official without studying hard. Secondly, only when the country is politically enlightened can it become an official, otherwise it would rather retire. So in Confucius' educational thought, can we only do it? It is upright and does not command; His body is not straight, although he disobeys? ("The Analects? Lutz), what else? Cultivate one's morality and protect people? ("The Analects? Xian Wen), to achieve the purpose of education.
The contribution of Confucius' educational thought to history is put forward. Don't teach in class The educational policy has expanded the educational target; ? Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude? Improve the teaching effect; ; Paying attention to the inheritance of culture and the construction of teaching materials laid the foundation for the later Confucian classics education system; More suggestions? Lifelong learning? The idea? Five tenths, determined to learn, standing at thirty, not confused at forty, knowing destiny at fifty, listening at sixty, and not overstepping the mark at seventy. ? ("The Analects? Politics proves this statement with his own actions and its enlightenment to education: in teaching, teachers should not give up every student, understand each student's psychological characteristics and learning thoughts, so as to choose the teaching methods suitable for students, pay attention to their all-round development, and achieve? Never too old to learn? , lifelong learning. Therefore, Confucius' educational thought is of great significance to the development of society and individuals, and its contribution to educational development is indelible.
References:
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