Analysis of accounting management in construction industry under new accounting standards

The new accounting standards implemented on June 5438+ 10, 2007 pose a new challenge to the accounting management of the construction industry, which is mainly caused by innovative ideas such as fair value introduced by the new accounting standards. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen accounting management from many angles such as working environment.

Keywords: new accounting standards; Architecture; Management through accounting

In June 2007, the new accounting standards for business enterprises were implemented in listed companies. Compared with 1 accounting standards, the new accounting standards have undergone important changes, and its implementation will have a positive and far-reaching impact on the accounting industry and the overall economic environment. At the same time, it will also cause great changes in the accounting methods of various industries. For the construction industry, it is no exception to strengthen the accounting management of the construction industry and take the implementation of the new accounting standards as an opportunity to improve the accounting management level of the whole construction industry and actively respond.

First, the impact of the implementation of the new accounting standards on the overall economy and society of China:

(A) the expansion of the scope of application of fair value makes accounting information more credible and fair. Introducing International accounting practices's measurement basis "fair value" into the accounting system is a highlight of the new accounting standards. Although the new accounting standards continue to maintain the basic measurement attribute status of "historical cost", the application of fair value in financial instruments, investment real estate, business combination under different control, debt restructuring, commercial currency transactions and other standards makes accounting information more credible and fair. And improve its relevance.

(2) Conducive to the development of enterprises. For a long time, China has positioned the accounting goal as "the concept of fiduciary responsibility", which determines that the primary quality feature of accounting information in China should be reliability rather than relevance. This new accounting standard no longer emphasizes a certain point of view, but combines the "decision-making usefulness view" and "entrusted responsibility view" with the domestic and foreign market demand. The ultimate goal of the new accounting standards is to make the accounting information provided by companies more truly reflect the economic essence of enterprises, emphasize the usefulness of accounting information for decision-making, and regard reliability and relevance as the two major supports of accounting information quality. Xinhui accounting standards meet the needs of capital executives for accounting information, and basically converge with international financial reporting standards in key environments, which is conducive to risk identification and control and measuring enterprise performance.

(3) Conducive to the perfection of the capital market. China's capital market is constantly improving, and the implementation of new accounting standards has accelerated its sound and perfect process. The development of capital market has fundamentally changed the users and uses of accounting information, which puts forward new requirements for the reform of enterprise accounting standards, that is, to truly reflect the financial situation of enterprises and serve the capital market, investors and other stakeholders. The development of capital market is based on standardization, and the basis of standardization lies in information disclosure, especially high-quality information disclosure, which is realized through high-quality accounting standards for enterprises. The new accounting standards increase the requirements of reporting and disclosure from the key links of information disclosure, and make clear and comprehensive provisions on time, space and scope, which is a positive guarantee and support for the perfection and perfection of the capital market.

The new accounting standards are a double-edged sword for accountants. On the one hand, the new accounting standards and regulations are a test of the professional quality of accountants. Some accounting practitioners are difficult to master in a short time, which will have a certain impact on their work. On the other hand, the new accounting standards will actively promote the further study of accountants. Promote its integration with international practices. Improve their own quality. At the same time, for construction accounting, due to the characteristics of construction accounting, the new accounting standards have also had a great impact, especially in recent years, more and more construction enterprises in China have gone abroad. The new accounting standards pose a severe challenge to construction accounting, and will also promote China's construction industry to integrate into the overall environment of international construction industry more quickly and deeply.

Second, the accounting characteristics of the construction industry and the impact and significance of the new accounting standards

For the construction industry, clarifying the accounting characteristics of the construction industry can better cope with the changes brought about by the new accounting standards.

(A) the accounting characteristics of the construction industry

1, industry accounting subjects are relatively concentrated. Among the accounting subjects in the construction industry, accounting mainly focuses on the cost and expense subjects. Cost subjects are generally divided into five parts: direct materials, direct labor, other direct expenses, manufacturing expenses and indirect expenses. The number of related income subjects is small.

2. The carry-over of project cost is special. According to the provisions of the Accounting Standards for Enterprises-Accounting Treatment Measures for Construction Contracts and Construction Enterprises, as an international practice in various fields, the cost carry-forward of construction enterprises no longer uses the method of combining bill settlement and income confirmation in the past, but treats the project price settlement and income confirmation separately. In this way, the "Project Construction" account can reflect the accumulated project cost and contract gross profit since the project started.

3. The working environment of accounting is special. On the requirements of accounting personnel, accounting personnel of construction enterprises put forward higher requirements and should have relevant architectural knowledge. At the same time, its working environment is relatively bad. Sometimes we have to go to the construction site for accounting.

4. The particularity of production and operation in the construction industry determines the particularity of accounting management. The construction industry generally carries out cost accounting and management according to a single project. There is usually a project budget before the project starts, which provides convenient conditions for cost comparison and analysis. However, how to sum up the cost timely and accurately in the construction process is a difficult point. Because the construction project is not closed and continuous production in the workshop like a factory, it has the characteristics of wide distribution, scattered scope, long distance and complicated personnel, and it belongs to open production and management, and financial management is difficult.

(B) the impact of new accounting standards on construction accounting

1, the new accounting standards will affect the performance of the construction industry. In terms of asset impairment provision, the previous accounting method was final inspection. If the recoverable amount is lower than the book value, provision for impairment shall be made. If the value is restored in the future, it can be reversed, but the amount reversed is limited to the amount originally withdrawn. According to the new accounting standards, accountants should first make judgments when testing asset impairment reserves, and the amount written down is recognized as asset impairment loss, which is included in the current profit and loss and cannot be reversed. Changes in debt restructuring, inventory valuation methods, time value of money and handling of borrowing costs will also affect the cost and income accounting of the construction industry.

2. The new accounting standards put forward requirements for the conversion and adjustment of accounting subjects in construction industry. The new accounting standards cancel the short-term investment-related subjects, and correspondingly increase the financial assets-related subjects, such as holding mature investments, available-for-sale financial assets and other subjects. This requires accountants in the construction industry to change accounting subjects and adjust account books in time. Make relevant account adjustments.

3. The new accounting standards require that the professional judgment ability of accountants in the construction industry is a test. The impairment of assets in the new accounting standards requires accountants to make correct value judgments, so as to draw the conclusion whether assets are impaired or not. This requires accountants to constantly improve their professional level and professional technical ability. It also requires accountants to correctly establish professional ethics and adhere to the basic accounting principles of independent weighing, legal prudence and consistency.

4. The new accounting standards have challenged the management level and corporate culture of the construction industry. The implementation of the new accounting standards is also a challenge to the construction industry. What the construction industry has changed is not only the accounting method, but also the challenge and test to its corporate culture and management level. From the management level, rigorous, solid and flexible management will make the implementation of the new accounting standards more convenient and faster, and better adapt to various new policies and systems. At the same time, a good corporate culture is helpful to solve the problems in the implementation of the new accounting standards.

(C), the significance of strengthening accounting management in the construction industry under the new accounting standards

Under the new accounting standards, it is of positive significance to strengthen the accounting management of the construction industry:

1, in line with international standards, to improve the overall accounting information quality of the construction industry. The new accounting standards improve the relevance and reliability of accounting information, and more importantly, it is in line with international practices, which is conducive to improving the professional quality of accounting personnel in the construction industry and improving the overall information quality of accounting in the construction industry.

2. Improve the overall benefit management level of the construction industry. The implementation of the new accounting standards is both a challenge and an opportunity for the construction industry. The construction industry should seize this opportunity, improve the management level, and at the same time make use of the favorable side of the new accounting standards to attract investment, expand the business scope and improve the overall efficiency.

3, help to promote social harmony. At present, houses have become three new mountains in China, and the state is also trying to introduce some policies and measures to maintain the stability of real estate prices. Strengthen the accounting of the construction industry, under the new accounting standards, better provide relevant information for the country, and also provide a basis for the country to introduce more active policies and contribute to the construction of a harmonious society.