On September 22nd, I saw the article "People's Yellow River" express "Zhang Jinliang et al.: Study on Water Diversion Scheme of the West Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion", and I was deeply impressed by the hard work of experts in 70 years' research. The professionalism and figures of the article are very detailed.
However, the repeatedly demonstrated Yetao Line also has some regrets: compared with the drought and water shortage in the northwest, north China and Yellow River basins, the water transfer capacity of 654.38+0.7 billion cubic meters is obviously insufficient; The Heishui River, Minjiang River and Bailong River along the line do not store water or transfer water. Navigation is not considered for such a large project, water regulation.
Not in favor of other pumping methods.
(From People's Yellow River)
The height of water transfer site selection and water quantity are a pair of contradictions. Two factors were considered in choosing Ye Tao Line. Utilize planned and under construction water conservancy projects.
The basic idea of mountain people thinking about water transfer is to stop the dam and use the existing rivers to carry water back. The tunnel opens the watershed and enters the next river, which is connected in turn without building an open channel. For Jinsha River, consider blocking the dam at the upstream entrance of White County and going to Ganzi County through Gift Tunnel. The dam at the two estuaries can be traced back to daofu county along the Xianshui River, tunneled to Irvine Town, and entered the Duke River eastward via Irvine River. In the future, Heishui River, Minjiang River, Heihe River and Bailong River will be considered to build dams to divert water into Taohe River. At present, we must respect the reality of existing and ongoing projects.
Hongqi River project is a good idea. However, the water intake of Palong Zangbo into Yarlung Zangbo River is too low (about 1600 meters above sea level), so it is obviously difficult to stop the dam to 2550 meters above sea level and build the dam at a height of nearly 1000 meters.
Therefore, the idea of water transfer in Renshan West Line is: "Diversion of river water (via Taohe River), river water entering Xinjiang (blocking dam, building open channel in the lower reaches of Lanzhou), and replenishing the river with hidden water", and "the middle line project expands into the river channel, and the Three Gorges Reservoir tunnel supplements the Han River", so that the Yellow River can be used to the maximum extent.
Cardiac surgery has a method to treat severe obstruction caused by coronary atherosclerosis-coronary artery bypass surgery. If the middle-high dam is regarded as the obstruction of coronary artery (the downstream water volume decreases), then the river is bridged by water storage.
The most economical and appropriate way is to double the water transfer scale of Yetao Line from 654.38+0.7 billion cubic meters to about 35 billion cubic meters. After entering the Taohe River, it will be divided into two roads, with 5 billion cubic meters entering the Weihe River and 30 billion cubic meters entering the Yellow River. Among them, 25 billion cubic meters were transferred to Xinjiang and Hexi Corridor, and 5 billion cubic meters entered the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The Yellow River dammed the loess plateau step by step, which not only stored water, but also reduced the erosion and cutting of sediment, forming a seaworthy waterway.
How to make up for the water shortage in the lower reaches of Chuanjiang River?
A low dam is built downstream of the main retaining dam to store water, so as to ensure the industrial and agricultural production, living and ecological water demand. The Yangtze River system is mainly supplemented by hidden water.
After observation, it is advisable to change the idea that the Hongqi River is intercepted by the entrance of Palong Yabu River, build a dam at Sedongpu (2,740 meters above sea level, with annual runoff of 6/kloc-0.0 billion cubic meters) at 2,930 meters (2,938 meters in upstream Milin County), transfer water by 30 billion cubic meters, and build tunnels (two tunnels and one tunnel) at the downstream of Jiucun in the east, with the dam at Layue Ququ. Nujiang Palongzangbu-Guxiang-Gu Mi Township Tunnel (2,200m), with a total length of about 260km, water transmission capacity of 6m/s and 30 billion cubic meters/year; To Pula Village, Zhonglinka Township (2,500m), the tunnel is about 200km, the water is 2m/s,10 billion cubic meters/year, and navigation is considered. The entrance of Yuqu (2 100m) in Chawalong Township of Nujiang River was blocked by a dam of 2230m, and three tunnels crossed Yuqu by water (about 2200m), transferring water1billion cubic meters to Foshan Township of Lancang River (below 2200m) and then to Xu Long Township of Jinsha River (2200). Lock is set below Xu Long Township of Jinsha River through stepped dam to solve the problem of excessive slope, and navigation is available below Yibin of Yangtze River. The navigation mileage of the Yangtze River has been extended by at least 1300 km. You can also go directly to Yajiang Linzhi and Milin via Lancang River, Nujiang River and Palong Zangbo. Building power stations and shiplocks on the cascade dams below Sedongpu in Yajiang River can not only make full use of the water energy in Yajiang River, but also have extremely important strategic significance for shipping below Medog.
How to transfer water from the Three Gorges reservoir area to the Yellow River after the Tibetan water is irrigated into the river? Need to make a fuss from the middle route project of South-to-North Water Transfer Project. At present, the middle route project transfers 5.4 billion cubic meters of water from South to North every year, and the water source is Danjiangkou Reservoir of Hanjiang River (170 meters). The annual runoff of Hanjiang River is 56.5 billion cubic meters. However, it is very difficult to transfer water from the Three Gorges reservoir area175m to Danjiangkou reservoir170m. Another way of thinking is to transfer 30 billion cubic meters directly from Danjiangkou Reservoir through the middle line water transfer project (requiring heightening levees), build an open channel in the west of Zhengzhou (about 100 meters) to enter the Yellow River1500 million cubic meters, and cross the Yellow River1500 million cubic meters, taking into account the supply of the Yellow River and the Hubei section of Dongping, so as to make the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal worthy of the name and the Yellow River.
In the case of water shortage in the reach below Danjiangkou Dam, the "Three Gorges Reservoir Diversion to Save Korea"-the second "coronary artery bypass surgery" was implemented. From the Three Gorges reservoir area to the north of Xingshan County via Xiangxi River (I stayed here all night, and the Xiangxi River has a large amount of water), a tunnel will be dug for about 140 km (with a drop of about 100 m) to the south of Jiao Jian Village in laohekou city, and water will be transferred by 20 billion cubic meters.
Adjust Sichuan water and Hanshui water, and replenish Tibetan water and reservoir water. In addition, the completed "project of diverting the Han River into the Weihe River" is 654.38+0.5 billion cubic meters, and the total amount of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project on the west and middle lines is 66.5 billion cubic meters. Yajiang+Nujiang+Lancang River * * * replenished 60 billion cubic meters of water to the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River system actually transferred 6.5 billion cubic meters.
How to interconnect water transfer projects and realize shipping? This idea will be introduced in another article.