First, define the type of reference.
The types of references are identified by a single letter: J-journal papers.
M monograph
Doctoral dissertation
Essays
A—— Precipitated documents in monographs and papers.
newspaper
R- research report
S standard
patent
Others that do not belong to the above-mentioned literature types are marked with the letter "Z".
Electronic document types are identified by two letters:
Database CP computer program EB electronic bulletin
For electronic documents with non-paper carriers, the carrier type shall be indicated in the reference mark:
DB/OL- Online Database DB/MT- Tape Database M/CD-CD-ROM Books CP/DK- Disk Software J/OL- Online Periodical EB/OL- Online Electronic Announcement
end
Second, specific examples
Periodical category:
Format: [serial number] author. Title [J] Title, year of publication, volume number (issue number): page number.
[1] Shen Xiaobei. Development and Problems of the Research on Teaching Organization Form [J]. Journal of Southwest Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences Edition), 2003,29 (1): 76-82.
[2] Yong Cheng. Towards Individualized Teaching —— On the Unity of the Development History and Logic of Teaching Organization Form [J]. Educational Exploration, 201(2): 71-74.
[3] Jeremy Ma, Du Liping. Evolution of Teaching Organization and Network Teaching [J]. Educational Research, 2002(4):49-5 1.
[4] Hao Yuan. "Reform" or "Improvement" —— Thoughts brought by class teaching system [J]. Anhui Literature, 2011(11): 249-250.
Monograph: format [serial number] author. Title [M]. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: starting and ending pages.
[1] Huang Keming. Tactile map and its making technology [M]. Beijing: Surveying and Mapping Press, 1989.
[2] Chen Yueru. Organization and management of classroom teaching [M]. Shandong: Shandong People's Publishing House, 20 10:50.
[3] Yang Jiujun. Teaching organization strategy and technology [M]. Beijing: Education Science and Technology Press, 2004:45-60.
[4] Qin Bing. Classroom evaluation strategy [M]. Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press, 2009:3 1-39.
[5] Geng Shuli. Teaching evaluation strategies and skills [M]. Jilin: Northeast Normal University Press, 20 10:42-50.
Dissertation: format [serial number] author. Title [D] Place of publication: depositor, year of publication: starting page number.
[1] Wu. Research on the historical development of class teaching system and moral education reform [D]. Jilin: Northeast Normal University, 2007.
[2] Zhang Fujun. Research on the method of cultivating students' map skills in junior high school geography teaching [D]. Liaoning: Liaoning Normal University, 2011:1-51.
[3] Li Ling. Research on the cultivation of students' ability to read pictures in geography teaching in senior high school [D]. Jilin: Northeast Normal University, 2007: 1-58.
[4] Chen Baoting. Research on the cultivation of high school students' map ability [D]. Gansu: Northwest Normal University, 2007: 1-77.
[5] Duan Yanfang. The influence of the application of teaching map on the construction of junior middle school students' thinking map [D]. Jilin: Northeast Normal University, 2009: 1-39.
Newspaper category:
Format [serial number] Author, article title [n], newspaper name, publication date (edition).
[1] Dawn. Action target of Guangdong forestry in response to climate change [N]. China Green Times, 20 10-06-07(00 1).
[2] D. Scientific problems of climate change [N]. Science and technology daily, April-19, 2008 (003).
[3] Zeng, Guizhou issued a plan to deal with climate change [N]. China Meteorological News, 2008- 12-09(00 1).
Paper: format [serial number] author. Title [C]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: starting page number.
[1] Korea, Wu Ruifen, Guo Ruiqing. Climate change characteristics of desert grassland in Inner Mongolia in recent 47 years [A]. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of China Meteorological Society [C]. Hangzhou: China Meteorological Society Climate Change Committee, National Climate Center, 2009.
Kim, people. The development trend of desertification in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under the trend of global warming [A]. Abstract of the high-level seminar on ecological protection and sustainable development in the source region of the Three Rivers [C]. Xining: Qinghai Provincial People's Government, China Academy of Sciences, 2005.
Research Report: Format [serial number] Author. Title [R]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: starting page number.
Feng Xiqiao. LBB Analysis of Pressure Piping and Pressure Vessel of Nuclear Reactor [R]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research, 1997: 9- 10.
Patent document: format [serial number] patent owner. Patent name [P]. Patent country: patent number, release date.
[1] Jiang Xizhou. Preparation scheme of a warm external medicine [P]. China patents: 88 1056078, 1983-08- 12.
International and national standards: format [serial number] standard code, standard name. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication.
[1] GB/t16159—1996, Basic rules of orthography of Chinese Pinyin [S]. Beijing: China Standards Publishing House, 1996.
Electronic document: format [serial number] Author. Title of electronic document [document type/carrier type]. Source or available address, date of publication or update/date of reference of the electronic document (optional).
[1] Wanjinrou. Abstract of Journal of China University (1983-1993) [DB/CD]. Beijing: China Encyclopedia Publishing House, 1996.
Regulations: format [serial number] publisher, name of regulations, and date of publication.
Science and Technology Commission of the People's Republic of China. Measures for the administration of sci-tech periodicals [z] .59438+09 1-06-05.
Translation:
Main person in charge of the format. Title of the document [Document Type ID]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication. Page number (optional). (country should be added before Chinese translation)
Mi O 'Connor, translated by Wang Yaoxian. Editors of sci-tech books and periodicals [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press 1982.56
end
Three. English literature
Books and documents written by one author:
Format last name, abbreviation. (year). Title (italics). Publishing house: publishing house.
Format last name, abbreviation. (year). Title. Journal name (italics). Question, page number.
Cheryl R&D Center (1956). Terrible future: thinking about color TV. Santiago: halsted.
[2] Clarkton, P. (1987). The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift, with colorful pocket change? Changes in Canada, 64(7), 34–37
2
Books and documents co-authored by two or more authors:
Format last name, abbreviation. ,&; Last name, initials. (year). Title (italics). Publishing house: publishing house.
Smith, J. Peter, Q. (1992). Hairball: A close peek behind the surface of a mystery. Hamilton, on: McMaster University Press.
Rothwell Dog. Bochiming Law Firm (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two Enemies on the verge of Destruction. Canadian/American Journal of Studies, 54,66–146.
Matters needing attention
For your convenience, the format of the reference materials is edited by Bian Xiao. Some can be used for reference.
Of course, the specific format needs to be revised according to the requirements of specific publishers, papers and periodicals, and I hope it will help you.