A psychological paper on self-knowledge-based on self-knowledge.
Abstract: In the career planning of college students, self-awareness has increasingly become the core issue of primary consideration. Through the introduction of college students' self-knowledge in career planning, this paper expounds the contents and ways of college students' self-knowledge from four aspects: personality, interest, ability and values, and further probes into the concrete measures for career counseling of lost students.
Keywords: know yourself; Career planning: consulting
Classification number of China Library: G4 12 Document ID: A document number:1009-8631(2010) 05-0161-02.
First, self-awareness and college students' career planning
Cassirer, a famous aesthete of symbolism, once said: Self-knowledge is the highest realm of philosophical exploration? . And now many college students are still in the third and fourth grades? It's so difficult to find a job now that I don't know what to do. . There is no career direction, no life planning, no accurate positioning, and no clear understanding of myself. This is the current situation of college students' confusion. In the opinion of experts, the core question to answer this question is self-knowledge.
What is career planning? What is self? What is the connection between the two? These are the initial problems of college students' career planning course, and they are also the primary problems that need to be understood in career planning course. At present, major schools in China are offering career counseling courses. Looking at all counseling and training activities, the first step must be to save yourself, so as to know yourself and know how to position yourself. All kinds of vocational guidance books are from the perspective of self, such as self-knowledge, self-attribute exploration and so on. This shows that self and career planning are inseparable. The three elements of career development are knowing yourself and yourself, knowing yourself and yourself, and doing good deeds. The confidante ranks first. Career planning must first clarify your own conditions and needs, such as your own ability? Those are the things that interest me. What kind of person do I want to be? Only by answering these questions in depth step by step, and only by accurately examining the connotation of these selves, can we know each other's wishes-understand the supply and demand situation of society and job market, and individuals can show effective choices and actions in the comprehensive consideration of knowing themselves and knowing each other.
Second, the contents and ways of college students' self-exploration
(A) self and self-concept
Ego is not just the sum of various roles played by a person. Moreover, playing these roles is an ability for individuals to know themselves, and it is the core of our understanding of multi-faceted selves. Freud put forward three main parts of personality when discussing personality: id, ego and superego, and regarded ego as a part of personality. Its important idea is that people have unlimited potential and will seek self-growth and self-realization. Humanist Rogers? I'm talking to myself? Also clarify this point of view. When we think what kind of person we are, we have a self-concept, that is, our own view of ourselves; The humanist Fitz put forward five self-concepts: physical self, moral self, psychological self, family self and social self; Specific applications, such as? Harry Zhou window? ――? Open me, deceive me, hide me, don't know me? Theory and model, etc. , all help us to understand our self-concept with a clearer framework. Through self-concept. Students will know more about the outside world and set the most suitable career development model according to the environment.
(2) Self-exploration
Self-exploration is based on the theory of career development. Use standardized career evaluation and informal evaluation tools, such as classification cards, work values list, imagination guidance, interviews with professional people, etc. Conduct a comprehensive quantitative evaluation and analysis of your professional interests, values, personality and ability, so as to have a thorough and comprehensive understanding of yourself. The main contents are:
1. Personality exploration: Personality is an important part of self-knowledge and career exploration. Everyone has unique characteristics, and the best match between personality and occupation makes us more effective workers and easier to achieve a successful career. You can learn about your personality characteristics by studying MBTI theory and evaluation methods, and think about its influence on your career. In addition, we can know ourselves by understanding others, analyzing others' evaluation of ourselves, comparing with others, comparing with ourselves, and knowing ourselves through our own activities and achievements.
2. Interest exploration: Interest is an important factor that affects people's job satisfaction, job stability and job accomplishment, and it is also an important basis for classifying jobs. In particular, it emphasizes the importance of taking interest as a consideration factor in career planning and career choice. Pay attention to Holland's career interests, type theory. And according to interest exploration exercises, standardized tests and other forms to help students explore and classify their interests, clear their professional interests.
3. Ability exploration: Ability is the potential to do or work successfully. Existing reality? Who can do that? That is, a person's practical ability is also a person's future? Could be the killer? That is, a person's potential ability. Skills are abilities developed through learning and contact. Competency assessment can help individuals determine what skills they have and what skills they are good at. Help students identify the skills they are good at from their past experiences, so as to clarify what skills they need to develop and cultivate in order to be competent for their favorite jobs.
4. Exploration of values: Values are principles, standards or qualities that we attach importance to in our life and work. It points out the most important thing in our life. It is the deep motivation behind individual behavior and plays an important role in stimulating and influencing individual career choice and development. Learn the relevant theories of Maslow and Herzberg, and help students sort out their own values with the help of value classification cards and value questionnaires, so that they can make clear their most important work values and apply them to the process of self-career choice.
Thirdly, career guidance for college students to know themselves.
First of all, it is necessary to clarify the goal of talent training and establish a scientific concept of career development. Implement full-time and full-time vocational counseling.
When giving career guidance to students, we should build a whole-course guidance model, gradually cultivate students' scientific outlook on employment from the goal education of humanities, and make career planning run through the whole university career. At present, many colleges and universities have adopted the whole-course model, offering vocational counseling courses at all stages according to the different characteristics of different grades, equipped with full-time and part-time counselors, and attaching importance to and giving play to the guiding role of professional teachers. In addition, fully mobilize the participation, participation and evaluation of schools, society and families in the whole process. This is the inevitable trend of the development of career counseling.
Secondly, based on the needs of college students, the content of career counseling course for college students is constructed.
Vocational counseling courses have not been offered for a long time in colleges and universities, and some colleges and universities have not included it as a compulsory course. However, in some colleges and universities that offer career guidance courses for college students, when setting the course content, teachers are generally the main ones, and the teaching content still stays in the guidance of graduation employment, which is embodied in three aspects: policy explanation, information release and skills guidance for graduates. Ignore the cultivation of more important students' professional ability, and have not learned from it? Question? Guidance? Development? Guide the transformation of this core position. Therefore, we can design courses in different levels from the aspects of job matching and career planning of college students. When constructing the curriculum system, we should not only consider different grades, but also consider rich and colorful teaching contents and methods, and actively guide students to form scientific methods and concepts of choosing jobs in combination with the needs of college students and the social development situation.
Third, pay attention to improving teaching methods.
Vocational guidance course is a practical, practical and participatory course. Among them, adjusting the concept of employment has become the key and difficult point to improve the employment rate. Under the premise of following the curriculum system and classroom teaching rules, we introduce activities such as data analysis, visit and discussion, case guidance, scenario simulation and simulated job fairs. The teaching methods are novel, flexible and diverse. Effectively stimulate students' learning enthusiasm, initiative and participation, and improve teaching effect. Learn from foreign advanced teaching methods, such as the specialized vocational counseling institutions in American universities, which not only give classes to students, but also provide individual counseling and services.
In a word, the development of self-knowledge is a long process, and the university stage is an important stage for the development of college students' self-knowledge. Only by guiding college students to fully understand themselves, actively accept themselves and strive to improve themselves can we cultivate talents with healthy personality and both ability and political integrity and truly have a successful career.