Gorky's autobiographical trilogy and his later autobiographical works. Without exception, they describe themselves as a working people from the bottom, but many scholars are more skeptical. For example, Ivan Bunin said, "A myth about him. Why didn't the publishing house that announced him as the greatest genius and published millions of his works provide his biography? "
According to his point of view, Gorky didn't tell the reader his life story completely. According to brockhaus's dictionary, Gorky comes from a complete bourgeoisie.
Gorky's example of rapid fame is unique in Russian literature. But he became famous quickly, not only because of his talent. Meshkov believes that there are other reasons for his rapid fame. First of all, "people are interested in his unusual life experience".
In addition, when Gorky's Tramp tells the so-called "decent people" their misery in "cultured language and poetic language", the phenomenon of "how surprised they are" is not only literary, but also does not impress people in a literary way. "Marxists' evaluation of Gorky is exaggerated, and there are also some political considerations.
Extended data:
Gorky's main works:
The artistic features of Gorky's works;
In creating artistic images, Gorky emphasized the creation of vivid images through typicalization, so as to reveal the essence of life and show the future prospects of social development. His realistic creation also incorporates the characteristics of positive romanticism, optimism and self-confidence, giving people a strong artistic appeal.
Gorky advocates that writers use typical realistic methods to create images and make their artistic images real and vivid.
In On How I Learn to Write, he said: "If a writer can extract representative class characteristics, habits, hobbies, attitudes, beliefs and speeches from twenty or fifty or even hundreds of shopkeepers and officials, and then integrate them into a shopkeeper, official and worker, then this writer can create a model in this way-this is art."
Therefore, he believes that writers must carefully observe life, study society, sum up the essence of society from vivid and rich life phenomena, and show it in concrete artistic images. Literature reflects the authenticity of life, which fundamentally depends on the writer's feelings about life, which inevitably shows the writer's aesthetic attitude. Gorky's literary thinking on the authenticity of social life also reflects his new aesthetic view.
With keen observation, he realized that the real essence of life is a great social change that has never been seen before. The main force that set off this social change was the awakened working people, whom he called "new people". Therefore, in his concept of the authenticity of literary creation and the typicality of art, it is obvious that art is to shape these "new images" that constantly strive for social change.
Gorky's realistic literature is essentially different from traditional realistic literature. Traditional realism only reflects the real situation of society, which is mostly manifested in the contradiction between individuals and society. Its essence is to deny and criticize society through the destruction of human nature.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Maxim Gorky