Pungent in taste and warm in nature. Efficacy: regulating qi, lowering adverse flow, warming middle warmer to relieve pain, and warming kidney.

Second, traditional applications.

Indications: epigastric pain, hiccup, nausea and vomiting; Impotence due to deficiency of kidney yang, leukorrhagia due to cold and dampness.

This medicine is commonly used in the following traditional prescriptions: ① Lilac persimmon soup (syndrome due to pulse treatment): clove, persimmon, ginseng and ginger to treat hiccups caused by wind-cold; ② Ding Gui San (Qianjin Fang Yi): clove and cinnamon, used to treat chronic heartache and traumatic injury.

Third, the main ingredients: mainly contain volatile oil, clove oil and other ingredients.

Fourth, pharmacological effects.

(A) the impact on the digestive system

1, anti-gastric ulcer: It can inhibit the formation of experimental gastric ulcer in rats. The volatile oils of clove and eugenol can significantly increase gastric mucus secretion, but the acidity does not increase. Eugenol may be an anti-ulcer active ingredient.

2, stomach: can relieve abdominal flatulence, enhance digestion, reduce nausea and vomiting.

3. Inhibition of intestinal excitability: Its decoction can inhibit the spontaneous contraction of isolated rabbit intestine and resist the excitability of acetylcholine and histamine on isolated intestine.

4. Anti-diarrhea: Its water extract and eugenol can antagonize large intestine diarrhea and intestinal cavity effusion caused by senna or castor oil.

(2) Anesthesia, analgesia, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory.

1. anesthesia: eugenol has anesthetic effect on young shrimp and carp. Eugenol can inhibit the compound action potential of A, B and C fibers in rat vagus nerve, which may be one of the mechanisms of clove stopping teeth. Eugenol can block the transmission of sciatic nerve in bullfrog, but it does not affect the postsynaptic membrane reaction of muscle, showing a selective anesthetic effect on nerve fibers.

Intravenous injection of eugenol in rabbits can produce anesthetic and anticonvulsant effects, but it can inhibit breathing and lower blood pressure. So eugenol is only used for local anesthesia, not for general anesthesia.

2. Analgesia: The mouse decoction has analgesic effect.

3, antipyretic: oral eugenol in rabbits has antipyretic effect, and is stronger than acetaminophen. Its mechanism of action is to produce antipyretic effect through pG synthesis in brain.

4. Anti-inflammatory: Syringa ether extract and water extract can inhibit the swelling of mouse ear shell and increase capillary permeability. Oral administration in rats can inhibit experimental plantar swelling.

Its analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms may be related to antioxidation, scavenging free radicals and inhibiting cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities.

(3) Anticoagulation and antithrombosis

1, anti-aggregation: Eugenol and acetoeugenol can inhibit platelet aggregation and whole blood aggregation induced by arachidonic acid in rabbits and humans, and inhibit ATp release. Its anti-aggregation mechanism is to inhibit the synthesis of TXB in platelets.

2. Anticoagulation: Oral administration of its water extract can prolong plasma prothrombin time, thrombin time and coagulation factor VIII time, and shorten prothrombin consumption time and coagulation factor V time.

3. Anti-thrombosis: The water extract of mice can prolong the thrombosis time of electric stimulation of carotid artery.

(4) Resistance to pathogens

1, antibacterial and antiviral: clove oil and eugenol have broad-spectrum antibacterial effects. The ellagitannin in clove has anti-herpes simplex virus effect.

2. Antifungal: Its decoction or ethanol extract has broad-spectrum antifungal effect or killing effect. Eugenol has a significant killing effect on Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans.

3. Killing parasites: Its water extract can kill roundworms in dogs and pigs. Clove oil is stronger than decoction.

4. Killing trichomonas: clove oil, eugenol and acetoeugenol have a strong killing effect on trichomonas.

(5) Others

1. Inhibition of smooth muscle: Eugenol, eugenol, acetoeugenol and eugenol aqueous solution can inhibit the contraction of vascular smooth muscle, intestinal smooth muscle, guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle and isolated uterine smooth muscle.

2. Its ammonia water extract can enhance insulin activity.

3. Among them, ellagitannin can reduce the concentration of urea in blood.

4. Eugenol is a testosterone -5- reductase inhibitor, which can be used to prevent and treat alopecia.

Clinical application of verb (abbreviation of verb)

1, for hiccups, gastrointestinal discomfort, vomiting and loss of appetite.

2, clove oil local use to treat toothache.

3, clove decoction for external use to treat tinea.

Dosage and usage of intransitive verbs

Pharmacopoeia dose: 1 ~ 3g.

Clinical dose: 1 ~ 3g.

High dose: not suitable for high dose use.

Usage: decoct in water, grind into powder or make into pills, swallow the powder, take it orally with wine and apply it externally.

Seven, clinical experience

Treatment of burping and stomach upset

This product is traditionally used to treat hiccups. Hiccups caused by diaphragmatic spasm caused by cold stimulation are mostly functional. Boiling clove in water or soaking it in boiling water to warm the stomach is mostly effective in treating hiccups. Hiccup after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer is also functional, and drugs such as cloves and persimmons are less effective for its symptoms. Because clove is warm and hot, it often hurts yin and body fluid after radiotherapy, so it should be used with Dendrobium and Phragmites communis.

There is a syndrome of Jue Yin disease in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, namely hiccup, which is a syndrome of extremely deficiency of stomach qi. In advanced tumors such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc. The cancer has eroded the diaphragm and I don't want to eat it. If there are signs of critical illness such as hiccups, cloves and persimmons can be used with ginseng, ginger and kidney beans to temporarily improve symptoms.

Clove has certain curative effect on chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, stomachache, loss of appetite, abdominal distension, nausea and vomiting. Commonly used in cardamom.

(2) About pain relief

Clove and cinnamon in Dinggui Powder, an ancient prescription, are used both orally and externally to treat lumbago due to cold and dampness, lumbago due to strain, lumbago due to long-term injury and soreness of waist and knees. External application of Yongquan point on the sole has a good effect on sciatica. Clove is a good traditional Chinese medicine for anesthesia and pain relief.

Clove oil has been widely used in oral clinic for local anesthesia and analgesia.

The analgesic, anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects of this product should have the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis from the traditional theory. However, it is not recorded in the compendium of materia medica and other herbal works.

(3) What does clove mean to warm the kidney?

Compendium of Materia Medica records that clove can cure kidney qi, blunt dolphin qi, yin pain, abdominal pain, strengthen yang and warm waist and knees. These should refer to the effect of warming kidney. Clove has the effects of antioxidation, scavenging free radicals and preventing alopecia. This function can be used in contemporary anti-aging and anti-alopecia.

There are attached prescriptions in Compendium of Materia Medica, which use female clove powder to enter the yin to treat women's cold diseases. Clove has the effect of killing trichomonas, which may be related to this.

Eight, side effects

(A) traditional literature

Compendium of Materia Medica: Non-toxic.

(2) Toxicology test

1, LD50: the LD50 of its decoction by intraperitoneal injection is 1 and 8g/kg. The LD50 of clove oil to mice were 65438 0 and 6g/kg. The oral LD50 of eugenol was 3g/kg in mice and 2g/kg in rats.

2. Toxic reaction: water extract l20g (crude drug) /kg mice did not cause death. The symptoms of poisoning are respiratory depression, weakness of hind limbs and disappearance of righting reflex.

Oral administration of clove oil 2g/kg can cause vomiting in dogs, and oral administration of clove oil 5g/kg can cause vomiting and death.

Eugenol has quinone methyl compound and phenoxy group, which is its intermediate metabolite in liver cells. These two compounds combine with the valence bond of cell protein to produce cytotoxicity.

3. Pathological examination showed that the liver and kidney were congested and swollen, some hepatocytes were necrotic, and the myocardium was swollen.

It shows that the toxicity of decoction is very small. Clove oil has a certain toxic reaction.

(3) Clinical observation

Non-toxic, and there is no uncomfortable reaction after decoction with conventional dosage. Long-term decoction has no obvious side effects. It is reported that clove oil and eugenol are used locally, and occasionally an individual will have an allergic reaction.

Although clove is very powerful and irreplaceable, we must pay attention to its side effects when using it.

What is the efficacy and function of camellia chrysantha?

Camellia japonica can be used as medicine to treat hematochezia and menorrhagia, and can also be used as an edible dye. Besides making tea as a drink, leaves also have medicinal value. Camellia japonica has obvious effects on regulating blood lipid, blood sugar and cholesterol, enhancing immunity, improving various uncomfortable symptoms caused by hypertension, resisting bacteria and inflammation, clearing away heat and toxic materials, inducing diuresis to reduce swelling, enhancing liver and kidney vitality, preventing arteriosclerosis, preventing cancer and inhibiting tumor growth. After investigation, Camellia chrysantha has the functions of refreshing the brain, clearing liver and purging fire, clearing away heat and toxic materials, and nourishing vitality. Pharmacological records of Camellia japonica can be found in Outline of Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Chinese Herbal Medicine Standard, Proceedings of International Symposium on Camellia japonica in Fangcheng, China, Proceedings of International Symposium on Camellia japonica in Guangxi, China, China Zhuang Medicine and Dictionary of Medicinal Plants.

Health function

1, anticancer effect:

Selenium: It can prevent the formation of free radicals. Can destroy the epoxide formed by carcinogens in the body. Sodium selenite can inhibit the DNA synthesis of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells and reduce the DNA synthesis of human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line HR 8348. Selenium can also selectively interact with various biochemical metabolism of tumor cells to achieve anti-cancer effect.

G: As we all know, all organs of the human body have their fixed potentials. Cancer cells have great potential and great changes. Ge may control and inhibit the potential of cancer cells through dehydrogenation.

Mn: It can resist chemical carcinogenesis-carcinogenesis of benzopyrene.

Tea polyphenols: Experts from Japan Cancer Society believe that it can control the proliferation of cancer cells.

2. The effect of lowering cholesterol and szlig lipoprotein:

V: It is related to the metabolism of lipids and cholesterol. It can promote hematopoietic function and significantly reduce plasma cholesterol. The serum triglyceride and cholesterol content of V-deficient animals increased.

Mn: It can improve the lipid metabolism of patients with atherosclerosis. To prevent experimental atherosclerosis.

Camellia japonica contains more than 400 chemical components beneficial to human body.

What is the efficacy and function of copper money grass?

The efficacy of copper money grass:

The roots and leaves of Lysimachia christinae can be used as vegetables; It can also be used as a Chinese herbal medicine for expelling wind, strengthening intestine, improving eyesight and clearing away summer heat.

Usage: The whole herb can be used as medicine and has diuretic effect.

Collection time: summer and autumn.

Properties: slightly cold, bitter and pungent; Clearing away heat and dampness, detoxifying and diuresis. Alias: broken bowl, horseshoe grass, Leigonggen, clam grass, copper grass, play next.

Method: remove impurities, wash, cut into sections and dry in the sun.

Properties: This product is often curled into a ball. The root is cylindrical, 2 ~ 4 cm long, with a diameter of 1 ~ 1.5 mm and a yellowish or grayish yellow surface. The stem is slender and curved, yellow-brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles, and hairy roots are often attached to the nodes. The leaves withered,

Broken, the intact ones are nearly round or kidney-shaped, with a diameter of 1 ~ 4 cm, gray-green, and rough and blunt teeth on the edge; Petiole 3 ~ 6 cm long, twisted. Umbellies axillary, short. Ginkgo biloba fruit is oblate, and its longitudinal edges are obviously convex and thin.

Reticulate, fruit stalk is very short. A slight breath, a faint taste.

Prescription:

1. Exogenous summer heat nasopharynx: Centella asiatica, Eclipta prostrata, and Artemisia annua (all fresh) in proper amount, mashed * * * and taken with cold boiled water.

2. Exogenous wind and heat: 60 grams of fresh Centella asiatica and 4 white-necked earthworms are mashed and decocted in water to get juice, three times a day.

Nature and taste: bitter, pungent and cold. Meridian of liver, spleen and kidney.

Indications: clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, detoxifying and reducing swelling. It can be used for treating damp-heat jaundice, sunstroke and diarrhea, sand stranguria and blood stranguria, carbuncle, swelling, sore, and traumatic injury.

Usage and dosage:15 ~ 30g; Double the fresh products. Storage: Store in a dry place.

The function of copper money grass:

1, LYSIMACHIA christinae has many functions. Roots and leaves can be used as vegetables and Chinese herbal medicines to dispel wind, strengthen intestines, improve eyesight and clear summer heat. Whole grass can be used as medicine and has diuretic effect.

When cultivated in aquarium, it is often used as foreground grass.

3. The cultivation management is simple, the plant shape is beautiful, and the leaves are green, which is very attractive. It is one of the favorite aquatic plants of flower friends at present, which can be cultivated in soil or hydroponics.

4. Green plants can decorate indoor environment, purify air and mainly absorb methanol. Like chlorophytum, they carry out photosynthesis during the day, releasing oxygen and discharging carbon dioxide at night. (There is a special case where oxygen is not released when the sun shines, and that is Sedum metabolic plant (CAM). Sedum metabolism plants carry out photosynthesis in the sun during the day, but the stomata are closed and there is no gas exchange. At night, the stomata are opened for gas exchange, oxygen produced by photosynthesis is released during the day, and carbon dioxide is absorbed and stored during the day for photosynthesis in the sun. In fact, it will be released after photosynthesis in the sun, but the time is staggered. )

Ornamental copperplate hydroponics is a versatile decorative floret no matter where it is placed. Its flower language is Fulu Xi Shou, tenacious and tenacious. Now it is highly sought after by flower friends, why not raise a pot quickly?

The flowering period of copper money grass is April, and the fruiting period is July. Copper money grass is strong, easy to plant, fast to reproduce and amphibious. Its nature is warm and humid, so it should be cultivated in semi-sunny or shady places to avoid direct sunlight, and the cultivation soil is not limited. Soft and well-drained cultivated soil is better, and the optimum water temperature is 22~28 degrees. Resistant to shade, humidity and drought, with strong adaptability.

What is the efficacy and function of Jatropha curcas?

Pinyin name: jhu ā f ē n ɡ Xiang ɡ c o

Alias: lantern flower

Medicinal material source: whole plant of Campanulaceae.

Latin plant and animal mineral name: Megalobrama amblycephala

Harvest and storage: harvest from July to September, wash and dry.

Original shape

Bellflower is a perennial grass with a height of 40- 125cm. Stems erect, sometimes branched on the upper part. Cauline leaves are long-stalked, oblong to heart-shaped, and the upper leaves are sessile, oval, oblong to ovate-lanceolate, with a length of 7-15cm and a width of1.7-7cm; All leaves have sharp serrations, and the stems and leaves are almost hairless or sparsely white bristles or densely covered with white fluff. There are several complete heads, usually many, and there are many solitary closed inflorescences besides the compound heads at the top of the stem. There are 1 bracts of different sizes under each flower, and the flower in the middle of the flower head blooms first, so the bracts are the smallest. Calyx lobes subulate; Corolla purple, blue purple or blue, tubular bell-shaped, long 1.5-2.5 cm, 5-lobed in the middle. Capsule obovate dimension. The seeds are oblong, flat, long1-1.5mm, and the flowering period is July-September.

Habitat distribution

Ecological environment: Born in grasslands and bushes.

Resource Distribution: It is distributed in the northeast of China and the northeast of Inner Mongolia.

Sexual taste:

Bitter taste and cool nature

Meridian tropism:

Return to lung meridian

Function indication:

Clearing away heat and toxic materials. Main sore throat; have a headache

Usage and dosage:

Oral administration: decoction, 6- 10g.