1. Read the text, master the key words and understand the content of the article.
2. Read the text carefully, understand the author's feelings and grasp the main idea of the article.
3. Study the text, appreciate the highlights and accumulate famous sayings and aphorisms.
4, familiar with the article, listen to the teachings of sages, and learn spiritual nourishment.
Teaching emphasis: recite the text and accumulate epigrams; Purpose of understanding: Diligent and inspirational, self-cultivation.
Difficulties in teaching: understanding the author's feelings and appreciating the highlights.
Class schedule: one class.
Teaching process:
Introduce new courses:
It's almost a month since students entered junior high school. In my opinion, for most students, the most important thing is to study and make progress. So, how can we succeed? The teacher invited an expert today. He is Zhuge Liang, the famous face of Shu Han and the embodiment of wisdom. I believe that through talking with him, you will certainly gain a lot in your study and cultivation!
(2) First reading, reading the text:
1, solving the problem:
The book of the Ten Commandments, a letter to my son.
2. Teachers demonstrate reading, students listen and complete the following tasks:
(1) Mark the new words with phonetic symbols.
(2) Pay attention to the pause of words.
3. Prompt long sentences to pause.
Not at home/clear vision, not quiet/not far away ... not learning/not versatile, not ambitious/unsuccessful in learning. (Designate students to read aloud, grade for life, and read together afterwards)
4. Students can read freely and read from each other at the same table.
5. Assign an excellent student, an average student and a poor student to read aloud, and the listener will comment (from pronunciation and pause).
6. Teachers lead the reading, students follow it softly, pay attention to the changes of intonation and speech speed, and try to figure out the author's feelings.
(C) intensive reading, dredge the meaning:
1, autonomous learning:
On the basis of previewing, students work in groups, independently translate and read the text with the help of after-class notes, understand the content of the article and circle the difficult problems. If the inquiry fails, the team leader will prepare for release. Teachers will tour to guide and participate in discussions.
Consolidate and strengthen:
First, the words:
Quiet to cultivate one's morality … frugal to cultivate one's morality … clear-cut … so far …; Wide talent; Make great efforts; Governance; Pool; Go; If you have no ambition, you can't learn ... and then you die (remind students to pay attention to the flexible use of parts of speech and polysemous words)
B, sentences:
A, if you don't stay in the park, you won't have a clear ambition. If you don't be quiet, you won't go far ... If you don't learn, you won't learn;
B, as time goes by, the meaning goes with the day and becomes withered and disconnected from the world.
(2) Treatment measures:
A, let students contact the daily accumulation of real function words (such as the common usage of "one"), transfer association, guess translation, cooperate and exchange, learn from each other's strengths, and then summarize and finalize the design.
B, the teacher reminds the students that when translating the text, you can't translate it literally. No matter what kind of translation, we should keep the sentence features of the original text (such as the double negation of A) and the stylistic features of the original text (such as the brevity and accuracy of this text).
Take the translation of sentence B as an example: Time flies with time and will eventually wither, which is not beneficial to society. ...
(d) Studying and appreciating articles:
Synopsis: Zhuge Liang devoted himself to the former master and assisted the latter master for decades, and finally broke down from overwork, at the age of 54. His last wish was to "dig the coffin, wear ordinary clothes and no utensils", leaving only 800 mulberry trees and 15 hectares of thin fields for future generations. He inspired future generations with his words and deeds, and his sons Zhuge Zhan and Zhuge Shang died for their country. Three generations of his family devoted themselves to death, and were deeply recited by later generations.
This leads to:
1, collective inquiry:
(1) What was Zhuge Liang's intention in writing this letter from home? (Students raise their hands to speak)
Admonish my son to pay attention to self-cultivation and frugality, so as to cultivate his own moral character and express his ardent hope for future generations.
(2) The author of the text grasps the word "static" and tells his son what conditions he must have to succeed around learning. (Indifference, determination, cherish time) Find the original sentence alone. Read it again, contact your own reality and talk about your feelings.
Students find typical sentences from the text, discuss and communicate in groups, and assign representatives to answer them; Look at the original sentence together, understand the author's feelings, and try to read it carefully.
A. indifference: in order to emphasize its importance, it is necessary to be indifferent, not silent and not far away (double negative).
B, determination: you can't be versatile without learning, and you can't succeed without making up your mind (double negative) to emphasize its importance.
Cherish time: years and time, meaning and days go away, then wither, surpass the world, be sad and stay poor, what will happen!
(3) The extension of the problem: contact with the real world, full of temptation, and analyze the meaning of "quiet to cultivate one's morality, frugal to cultivate one's morality, indifferent to inaction".
(5) Read aloud and accumulate words:
Read the text again, circle their favorite sentences and consider completing the following tasks:
(1) Which epigram do you like best? Talk about your understanding and inspiration, and what famous sayings do you associate with it? Recommend it to everyone and give you a favorite sentence according to your own experience.
(Think for yourself, communicate in groups, and answer personally)
Aphorism recommendation:
A, indifference: selfish, not seeking wealth (Book of Rites); Don't worry about wealth, don't worry about poverty * (Tao Yuanming); Water is my friend and bamboo is my teacher (Bai Juyi); Idle mind, wide world. (land travel)
B, determination: those who achieved great things in ancient times not only had superb materials, but also had the will to persevere (Su Shi); One day, I will ride the wind and waves and send it to the sea directly from Yun Fan (Li Bai); There are thousands of buildings in Ande, which greatly protects the poor in the world. If you are poor, you will change your mind, and you will never lose your ambition (Wang Bo); Aim high (Zhuge Liang)
C. Cherish time: those who are ambitious cherish short days, and those who are worried know long nights (Fu Xuan); It is a great sin to waste time (Rousseau); Time has three steps, the future time is approaching, the present time flies like an arrow, and the past time is always static. (Schiller)
(2) Accumulate related articles or famous sayings in reading notes.
(6) Teacher-student summary: the gains and problems of this class.
Three words and students' * * encouragement: Cheng Dazhi University becomes a great talent, Xiao Zhi becomes a small talent in primary school, and no ambition becomes a scholar. Ambition is an ambition that conforms to the historical trend. I wish the students to be ambitious and study quietly at an early date and become great talents who conform to the historical trend!
(7) Homework setting: Recite the full text and accumulate epigrams.
Learning objectives of open class teaching plan 2 "exhortation book"
1, repeat and get familiar with it.
2. Understanding of key sentences.
3. Understand the profound concept of life and the ardent expectations of father and son.
Learning process:
First, import
Look at a few allusions and stories: an empty city is a clever plan, a straw boat borrows an arrow, and a debate between Confucianism. Who are these allusions and stories related to? (Zhuge Liang) These well-known stories reflect the wisdom of Zhuge Liang, and the poems praised by later generations can better show his loyalty and patriotism to the monarch. The third call put state affairs first, and offered a pure heart to two generations. However, he failed to conquer, and he died. From then on, the hero shed tears on his skirt-Du Fu Shu Xiang, the Three Kingdoms, was divided and bound by his greatness, and the Eight Faces Fortress was built on his fame-Eight Arrays. His Book of Commandments highly summarizes the author's life-long principles of being a man, which can be called an eternal model essay for teaching children. Today, we will study Zhuge Liang's Ten Commandments.
Second, show the learning objectives.
1, read pronunciation, rhythm, feelings, and learn to recite.
2. Understand Zhuge Liang's admonition to his son (zhūn) in the article and teach him carefully.
Third, the students read: Zhuge Liang, Liang Ming, the word Kong Ming,No. Wolong; A famous politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. Known as "the first saint in ancient and modern times."
Fourth, reading the text for the first time, the teacher called the roll and pronounced it.
Show PPT in pinyin, read it separately and read it together.
The teacher shows PPT in rhythm, and students read it together.
Five, combined with after-class notes, group cooperation to clarify the meaning of the text.
The character and moral character of a gentleman is to cultivate one's morality by quietness and frugality.
Without inner peace, you can't define your ambition. Without inner peace, you can't achieve your lofty goals.
Learning must be quiet before learning. No learning, no talent, no ambition, no learning. Indulgence and slackness can't cheer you up, and frivolous and impetuous can't cultivate your temperament. Age passes quickly with time, will disappears with time, and eventually withers and decays, and most of them make no contribution to society. How can they stay in that poor humble room sadly?
This is a father's earnest warning to his children. What about this father?
His moral character is noble and he is a model for future generations. Zhuge Liang, as Shu Xiang, is in charge of a country's military and political affairs. He is conscientious and busy "sweating all day", setting an example and being strict with himself. During the first Northern Expedition, Ma Su "broke the rules and acted improperly", which led to the fiasco of Jieting. Zhuge Liang beheaded Ma Su with tears in order to clean up the military discipline, but he also "demoted himself to the third class and blamed him", never concealing the matter and shirking the responsibility. Zhuge Liang is an honest official, and everyone knows that he is an "official". He left a will in front of him: "If I die, I won't make more money in it, but I will win money outside." He made great contributions in Shu, but he didn't intend to become famous behind him. He ordered Dingjun Mountain to be buried in Hanzhong. "Because the mountain is a grave, it is enough to accommodate the coffin, and it is served at the right time without utensils." Since then, Castle Peak has been fortunate enough to bury its loyal bones, and Zhuge Liang has a healthy and indifferent ambition, which will be praised throughout the ages.
Seven, earnestly admonish, talk about teaching; The article is short and affectionate, with profound implications. What did you read from it?
Teacher's camera blackboard writing: cultivate one's morality, study and cherish time (indifferent to Zhi Ming, quiet and far-reaching)
Eight, the teacher tried to prompt to recite.
Nine, recite the text.
Teaching plan of open class 3 "Command Book" Teaching objective:
1. Master the key words.
2. Grasp the main idea of the article and accumulate famous sayings and aphorisms.
3. Learn to recite, listen to the teachings of sages, and be determined to become successful.
Teaching focus:
Grasp the key words, understand the main idea and recite the text.
Teaching difficulties:
Appreciate famous aphorisms and feel the author's feelings.
Teaching time
1 class hour
Teaching process:
First, the introduction of new courses.
"The name of the Prime Minister is simple and clear, but who is still on the desk?" "The name of the teacher is real. After a thousand years, who is equal?" "A thief in the Han Dynasty, who knows the great righteousness and devotes himself to heaven." Zhuge Liang is not only an elite loyal soul written by Lu You and Wen Tianxiang, but also the embodiment of wisdom in the eyes of future generations. Determined to "revive the Han dynasty and return to the old capital" and "do your best to die" all your life; He even taught his children by example and example of "being indifferent to your ambition and staying away from it quietly". Today, let's walk into his book of commandments and listen to his inculcation for children and future generations.
Second, overall perception.
(A) read the beginning of the text, dredge the meaning of the text
1. Solution: The Commandment is a letter written by Zhuge Liang, a famous politician in the Three Kingdoms Period, to his 8-year-old son Zhuge Zhan before his death at the age of 54, and it has become a masterpiece of self-cultivation for later students. It can be regarded as Zhuge Liang's summary of his life. Zhuge Liang is also a noble and knowledgeable father, and his inculcation and infinite expectations for his son are all in his words. Through these words full of wisdom, rationality, conciseness and preciseness, the affection of fathers all over the world for their beloved son is expressed so deeply.
2. Play the video text: The Book of Ten Commandments, and complete the following tasks:
(1) Mark the new words with phonetic symbols, remove the text barriers, and check the completion of preview before class.
(2) Pay attention to the pause of words, the teacher shows the courseware and marks the sentence breaks of the text.
3. Students can read freely. If you can't solve it yourself, bring it up and solve it together. If you feel that you need special attention in the process of reading, you should also bring it up and attract everyone's attention.
4. Find students to read aloud individually, require accurate pronunciation and grasp the rhythm of reading aloud. The rest of the students listened carefully and expressed their opinions.
5. Students read the full text together.
6. Let the students try to explain the text in their own language with the help of reference books and notes. You can translate the main ideas instead of word for word. If you encounter difficulties, you can communicate with your classmates and talk to them. Teachers should pay attention to correcting mistakes or emphasizing the translation of key and difficult sentences. Teachers should remind students that when translating texts, they should not translate them literally. No matter what kind of translation, we should keep the sentence features of the original text (such as the double negation of BCD) and the stylistic features of the original text (such as the conciseness and accuracy of A), such as:
Courseware display
A quiet to cultivate one's morality, a frugal to cultivate one's morality.
Translation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
B Not indifference, not silence, not being far away.
Translation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
C can't be versatile if you don't learn, and you can't succeed if you don't want to learn.
Translation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
D slow can't be energetic, and risk can't be cured.
Translation: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Read the text again and feel the content of the article.
Let the students read the text quickly and silently, and show the questions for students to think and answer:
What is the point the author wants to make? What words does the full text revolve around? From which two aspects did the author discuss his views?
Discuss the problem in groups of four and find the basis from the original text.
Hugging: Knowing the central argument and argumentation content will basically dredge the text, and all this is the result of students' discussion and exploration according to the text. Designing such a problem is actually that the teacher has listed the main contents and context of this lesson. In the process of answering questions, students must stick to the text, and the process of thinking and organizing the use of language to answer questions is the process of exercising their ability to analyze and summarize. In order to arouse students' enthusiasm, they are required to combine independent thinking with discussion and inquiry.
Clarity: put forward the central argument-quietness is self-cultivation and frugality is self-cultivation. The full text revolves around the word "quiet", then discusses it from two aspects: scholarship and self-cultivation, and finally puts forward to cherish time and contribute to society.
Third, local exploration.
1. The author of the text grasps the word "static" and tells his son what conditions he must have to succeed around learning. Find out these sentences, read them again and think about their relationship. Contact your own reality and talk about your feelings.
Hugging: This question is the key and difficult point of the whole paper. Only by mastering this problem can we fully understand Zhuge Liang's warnings to the younger generation in terms of self-cultivation, determination and treating others. Through solving difficult problems and cooperative communication, we can cultivate students' cooperative spirit and exercise their habits and abilities of cooperative learning. )
Students find typical sentences from the text, discuss and communicate in groups, and assign representatives to answer them; Read the original sentence together, understand the author's feelings, and try to read and recite it until the end.
Clear:
(1) determination: no learning and no skills, no determination, no learning and no skills.
(2) learning: you must calm down to learn.
(3) Cherish time: years go with the times, intentions go with the days, wither away from the world, stay in poverty, where to go!
Relationship: Zhuge Liang advocates frugality, quiet study and extensive study, which are interrelated and indispensable. Ambition is the premise and foundation of success, but the cultivation of ambition must also cultivate morality.
2. Read aloud and accumulate words: Which epigram do you like best? Talk about your understanding and inspiration.
Hugging: This is an open question, which requires us to study the text on the basis of the previous question. We should be strict with ourselves in moral cultivation and academic determination, and we should not stick to the ideas that inspire us to speak. It is best to combine your own characteristics, contact your own ideological reality, and tell the depth. Let's fully speak, talk about gains, talk about experiences, talk about what we have learned, talk about feelings, talk about reflection, learn to think and learn to reflect.
Reference micro-lesson teaching plan: appreciation of famous sentences.
Fourth, summarize and expand.
Course summary:
The Ten Commandments is a masterpiece of self-cultivation, short and pithy. Its main purpose is to persuade my son to study hard, be determined, cultivate self-cultivation from quietness and avoid absurdity and rashness. Learning this article focuses on understanding the content, grasping the main idea, feeling the emotion, and gaining spiritual strength from it: being indifferent to ambition and staying away from it quietly, so as to accumulate and recite relevant famous sayings and aphorisms for self-encouragement.
Extension extension:
Please read the famous sentences about self-cultivation, cherishing time and determination in ancient and modern times to further enrich students' knowledge.
Example:
(1) radish
Luxury is frugal, and fierceness is in sight (Bai Juyi)
Don't worry about poverty, don't seek wealth (Tao Yuanming)
Pursue the country, not wealth (Book of Rites)
Idle mind, wide world. (land travel)
(2) identified items
Those who achieved great things in ancient times not only had extraordinary talents, but also had the will to persevere (Su Shi)
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight up and cross the deep sea (Li Bai)
If you are poor, you will be strong, and you will not fall into the clouds (Wang Bo)
(3) valuables
It is a great sin to waste time (Rousseau)
Wise people cherish the short days, but sad people know the long nights (Fu Xuan)
If the young don't work hard, the old will be sad (Long Songs)
Five, homework design
1. Recite the full text and accumulate epigrams.
2. Organize stories, idioms, proverbs and poems related to Zhuge Liang.
Sixth, blackboard design
An exhortation
Zhuge Liang
put forward an argument
Pros and cons: learning (quiet) and cultivation (impatience)
Draw a conclusion: exhort to cherish time and make a difference.
Teaching plan of open class 4 "Command Book" Teaching objective:
1, read pronunciation correctly and learn to recite.
2. Pay attention to the accumulation of words and the accurate translation and understanding of sentences.
3. Understand the profound concept of life and the ardent expectations of father and son.
Teaching focus:
1, recite the text.
2. Translate the full text on the basis of understanding the key words.
3. Guide students to understand the ideological significance of the article.
Teaching difficulties:
Guide students to understand the relationship between "frugality" and "quietness"
Class arrangement:
teaching process
First, the introduction of new courses.
Students, in the eighth grade, we learned two articles, one is a model essay written by Zhuge Liang, and the other is an excerpt from the History of the Three Kingdoms written by Chen Shou. What impression did Zhuge Liang in these two articles leave on you? Please summarize it in expressive words. (talking to strangers. Clear: clear rewards and punishments, knowing people well, being loyal, far-sighted, resourceful and so on. Zhuge Liang died at the age of 54. He once said a word to his five-year-old son before his death, and was later regarded as an ancestral motto by Zhuge family, which shows how far-reaching his influence on Zhuge's descendants is. Today, we are going to learn this passage (writing on the blackboard: Ten Commandments), and I believe everyone will benefit a lot.
Second, reading the text for the first time
1. Students read the text in the way they like. Requirements, with the help of reference books to clear the obstacles of new words, pay attention to pause.
2. Ask the students to read the text, and the teacher points out the problems.
Pay attention to (1) new words (fú)
Luobo (Dan)
Yin is slow.
Sui Dynasty
another name for Shandong Province/a surname/rude
(2) Suspension
3. Read the text in groups.
Third, dredge the meaning of the text.
1, students learn independently. Combining after-class notes and reference books, let students use hard reading, guessing reading, association (related to modern Chinese), transfer (related to ancient knowledge) and other methods to independently translate and read the text, find difficult problems and try to solve them in a small scope. When students study, teachers patrol and give timely guidance.
2. It is difficult to question. In this link, students are free to ask questions and teachers and students discuss and solve them together. Students can solve it by themselves, so let them go. If you can't solve it, the teacher will give you some advice. Pay attention to guiding students to learn ancient Chinese with specific problems.
3. The teacher emphasizes the key words
4. Translate the full text. Find a student to translate the full text first, and then translate at the same table. In this link, students are required to translate the language fluently and strive for beautiful words. (For example, years pass, meaning passes, and then it becomes withered. If you don't meet the world, you will always be poor. What will happen? Years disappear at any time, and the will will eventually wither and wither, making no contribution to society and only guarding the poor house sadly. Then how can we regret it? )
Fourth, learn and appreciate the text.
In this link, the teacher urges students to understand the text deeply through a series of questions.
1. What is Zhuge Liang's intention in writing this letter?
The main purpose is to encourage his son to study hard, be inspirational, work hard from indifference and tranquility, and avoid absurdity and rashness. Summarize the experience of being a man and doing research, focus on the word "quiet", and at the same time attribute the failure to the word "mania", which is in sharp contrast.
2. What aspects are discussed in this paper? How are these aspects discussed? Can you add another argument (truth or fact)?
This paper analyzes the relationship between learning and quietness, talent and learning, and learning and ambition from three aspects: self-cultivation, determination and being a man.
3. What does Zhuge Liang think are the conditions for success?
An ideal talent must have three basic conditions: ambition, learning and talent. He advocates diligence and self-cultivation, calm down and study extensively, all of which are indispensable. Ambition is the premise and foundation of success, but the cultivation of ambition must also cultivate morality, and the cultivation of talents must begin with the cultivation of quietness and frugality.
4. "A gentleman's journey is quiet and self-cultivation, frugality and self-cultivation, not seclusion, ambition and tranquility." The core of this sentence is a word "static". What is the relationship between "frugality and virtue" and "quietness"?
Because thrift can abstinence and avoid waste. This requires that people's inner world always remain quiet and will not be distracted by the pursuit of rich material enjoyment. "frugality and morality" is a virtue based on "quietness"
Fifth, recite and accumulate.
Students recite the text. Remind students to recite sentence by sentence, pay attention to the pause between sentences, recite slowly at the beginning, have modern Chinese in their hearts and ancient Chinese in their mouths.
Sixth, talk about feelings and inspiration.
Students find a favorite epigram from the text and talk about their understanding and inspiration.
As long as the students make sense. For example,
(1) Time flies, so cherish it. We can't wait until we are old and out of touch with the world, and it won't help. (or if young people don't work hard, old people will be sad)
(2) If a person wants to achieve something, he must be ambitious from an early age, otherwise there will be no direction in life. /kloc-When he was 0/2 years old, Premier Zhou issued an oath of "studying for the rise of China", encouraging him to "devote himself to the rise of China until death do us part" all his life.
Seven. distribute
1. Collect poems, idioms or allusions about Zhuge Liang.
2. recite the text.
Teaching Plan 5: Knowledge Target of "Instruction Book" in Open Class
Accumulate content words and function words in classical Chinese, read them as recitations, and accumulate epigrams; Understand the content of the text. (key)
capability goal
Grasp the context of the article and learn the author's rigorous argumentation methods. (Key points and difficulties)
Affective goal
Feel the inculcation and deep expectation contained in the family book, and guide students to understand the relationship among the three conditions of success-ambition, knowledge and talent.
First, the introduction of new courses.
"The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations. But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats. " Who are these poems about? Zhuge Liang is the embodiment of wisdom in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. In fact, he is not only a wise man, but also a loving father. Today, let's learn a letter from Zhuge Liang to his son, The Book of Commandments, and experience the affection of a loving father and the inculcation of a wise man.
Second, the new curriculum teaching
1, students can read the text freely, read the pronunciation correctly, and pay attention to the pause.
Husband/gentleman's trip, quiet/self-cultivation, frugality/virtue. Not cold/sober, not quiet/not far away. Husband/learning must be quiet, talent/learning is also, not learning/not being broad-minded, unwilling/unsuccessful. Slow sex/inability/hardness, dangerous mania/inability/cure. Year/and time, meaning/and the sky, then/into a withered, more/not to meet the world, sad to stay/pity Lu, will/recover!
2. Read the text together.
1, cooperative inquiry: group cooperation to solve problems encountered in translation.
(1) key words interpretation
Quiet to cultivate one's morality (excluding distractions, being quiet and single-minded) is far from quiet (achieving great goals)
Unless you learn to be broad-minded (increase your talents), you can't work hard (indulge and slack off)
Time flies with the years.
It became withered. It is useless to compare one's old age with one's own.
(2) Translation of key sentences
(1) Not indifferent, not quiet, not far away.
If you can't be indifferent to yourself, you can't be clear about your ambitions, you can't be quiet and single-minded, and you can't achieve great goals.
(2) The years and the times go hand in hand, meaning the same as the sky, and then they become withered and surpass the world.
As time goes by, the age passes quickly, the will disappears with time, and finally fades away, and most of them have no contribution to society.
2. Translate the full text.
The character of a gentleman is to cultivate body and mind with tranquility and to cultivate morality with thrift. If you can't be indifferent to yourself, you can't be clear about your ambitions, you can't be quiet and single-minded, and you can't achieve your lofty goals. Learning must be calm and single-minded, and talent comes from learning. If you don't study, you won't grow up, and if you don't aspire to learn, you won't learn. You can't cheer up if you indulge in slackness, and you can't cultivate your own temperament if you are frivolous and impetuous. Age flies with time, will disappears with time, and finally fades away. Most of them have no contribution to society, and they can only sit sadly in the humble rooms where the poor live. How could they regret it at that time?
1. What is the argument expounded by the author of this article? What two aspects does the author discuss?
Clarity: argument: be quiet to cultivate one's morality, and be frugal to cultivate one's morality. This paper discusses it from two aspects: scholarship and cultivation, which is convincing.
2. The author of this article grasps the word "quiet" and tells his son what conditions he must have to succeed around learning.
Clear:
1 indifference: indifference means no ambition, and silence means far away.
2 determination: you can't be versatile if you don't learn, and you can't succeed if you don't want to learn.
(3) Cherish time: With the passage of time, the meaning will also disappear and then become withered. If you don't meet the world, you will always be poor. What will happen?
3. What does Zhuge Liang think are the conditions for success? What is the relationship between these conditions?
Clarity: Zhuge Liang believes that success must have three basic conditions: ambition, learning and talent. He advocates frugal morality, quiet study and extensive study, which are interrelated and indispensable. If you want to be a talent, you must study hard. If you want to learn something, you must be ambitious. So among the three, ambition is the premise and foundation of success, and "self-cultivation" is the key to success.
4. "A gentleman's trip is to cultivate one's morality by quietness and to cultivate one's morality by thrift. If you are not indifferent, you will have no ambition, and if you are not quiet, you will be far away. " The core of this sentence is a word "static". What is the relationship between "frugality and virtue" and "quietness"?
Clear: seemingly unrelated, but actually closely related. Because thrift can abstinence and avoid waste. This requires people's inner world to remain quiet all the time, and will not be distracted by coveting rich material comforts.
Ask the students to find a sentence they like from the text and talk about their understanding and inspiration.
Example 1: "Time goes by, meaning goes by with time, and then it becomes withered, and many of them are out of line with the world." Time flies, we should cherish it, and we can't wait until we are old and out of touch with the world before lamenting the time, which will not help.
Example 2: "You can't learn without ambition." If a person wants to achieve something, he must aim high from an early age, otherwise there will be no direction in life. /kloc-When he was 0/2 years old, Premier Zhou issued an oath of "studying for the rise of China", encouraging him to "devote himself to the rise of China until death do us part".
Third, blackboard design.
The negative argument in the book of exhortation: slowness can't be energetic, and danger can't be cured.
Remedial function
Grade seven students still lack their own methods to learn classical Chinese, so that students can use reference books and cooperate in translation, and fully respect students' dominant position. Translation and sentence breaking are the core tasks of teaching, so the teaching of classical Chinese is organized around vocabulary. The meaning of words is well explained, and tasks such as sentence breaking and translation go smoothly.
disadvantage?
I don't understand enough philosophical and alarming sentences in the article. In this link, if students can properly "question" themselves and then solve their doubts, I believe that students' interest in the classroom will be greatly improved.