Eyes are visual organs, and organisms observe the outside world through eyes, which is the main way for most organisms to obtain external information. According to the imaging characteristics, eyes can be divided into two categories: monocular eyes owned by humans and compound eyes owned by most insects. It is found that the compound eye of insects has unique optical characteristics: small size, light weight, large field of view, high sensitivity and polarization characteristics. This makes it better than the existing monocular system in many aspects. Because of its extensive potential application, more and more researchers began to pay attention to the study of bionic compound eye. On the one hand, in terms of new technologies, new structures and new materials, new methods for preparing bionic compound eyes are being explored; On the other hand, based on the imaging characteristics of bionic compound eyes, new and related derivative applications are being studied. In this paper, a multi-focus bionic compound eye structure is proposed to solve the problem that the arc bionic compound eye does not match the plane detector at present, and the corresponding bionic compound eye preparation process is designed based on this structure. The main research work is based on the following aspects:

(1) The biological compound eye is deeply studied, the structural composition and functional characteristics of compound eye are analyzed, and the imaging principle of compound eye is expounded. Then, based on the study of biological compound eyes, the optical devices corresponding to each structure are abstracted and the corresponding optical prototypes are established. According to the imaging model of compound eye, the corresponding parameters are calculated and the mathematical model of compound eye is obtained. Based on the mathematical model, the optical simulation model is established in the optical design software, and a series of simulations are carried out to study the imaging characteristics and optimize the structure. Finally, the optical software is used to analyze the main aberrations of the bionic compound eye structure and the corresponding compensation methods, further improve the structural design, establish a multifocal bionic compound eye model, and solve the mismatch problem between the curved array and the plane detector.

(2) Based on the structure of bionic compound eye, a preparation technology of microlens array is proposed. Its main technology is based on soft lithography process and negative pressure forming technology. In the process of soft lithography, a multi-focus microlens array is prepared by mask modulation, and the array substrate is precisely controlled by a self-designed injection mold. This structure can effectively block the stray light interference and crosstalk between neighbors. Simple process, short period and low cost, which is beneficial to large-scale production and promotes the practical application of bionic compound eyes.