1. The first requirement of "basic level" of college entrance examination composition is "in line with the meaning of the question". "Conforming to the meaning of the topic" means conforming to the "regulations" of the topic. The so-called "prescriptiveness" is nothing more than asking what you must write and how you must write it, which will involve the style, theme, material, title and number of words of the article.
Related tips
(1) infer the intention of the proposition-consider the realistic pertinence of the topic (mainly aiming at the existing problems, or measuring the taste of candidates, and paying attention to people's spiritual life and spiritual world). Typical test questions are "integrity" and "integrity and kindness" in the national paper, "rules" and "down-to-earth look at the stars" in the Beijing paper, and "think about the sky" and "curiosity" in the Jiangsu paper.
(2) Clear the meaning of keywords in the topic. For example, write an article of not less than 800 words on the topic "Flowers bloom in spring". The "flowers" in the title can refer to the flowers of career, study, science and art, as well as the flowers of spirit, virtue, happiness and love. "Spring" can refer to the stages of life, successful conditions, working environment, living circumstances and so on that are generally conducive to the blooming of flower of life. Why "not only in spring"? The answer is: some people are wise early, some people are successful late; some people are promoted step by step, and some people are winding and secluded; Some people climb the summit as "a road to Huashan", while others enjoy another scenery halfway ... The pride and glory of life do not appear in the most satisfactory situation, which is caused by subjective and objective conditions and internal and external factors. This requires us to have perseverance, determination to endure loneliness, and poetic feelings of turning wisdom into wine.
At the same time, an article should be rich in content, but the center must be clear. Every paragraph and sentence in the article should be controlled and directed by the center and serve the performance and deepening of the center. In the composition of examination room, there are various ways to ask questions, including lyric points, discussion points, narrative points and description points. From the rhetorical point of view, there are repeated questions, rhetorical questions, figurative questions, parallelism questions, personification questions, quotation questions and so on. As far as the position of the topic is concerned, it can be divided into title topic, opening topic, ending topic, paragraph topic and so on.
2. The college entrance examination composition "conforms to the stylistic requirements" has two meanings: First, it conforms to the stylistic requirements of the composition topic itself. For example, Hunan Volume 20 10 stipulates that "write an argumentative essay or narrative of not less than 800 words", if it is written in other styles, it will not meet the requirements. The second is to meet the stylistic requirements chosen by the candidates themselves. Topic composition, proposition composition, etc. Generally speaking, "optional" style is allowed, but this does not mean that writing does not require stylistic norms, but provides candidates with a variety of choices to facilitate candidates to play their own good style. But once a certain style is selected, the composition must meet the requirements of this style, and it cannot be arbitrary and neither fish nor fowl. Judging from the specific operation process, the concept of "stylistic choice" actually has several links: (1) consider which genre the topic is most suitable for writing. (2) Choose a genre that suits you: Students who are well-developed in image thinking, can make up stories and are good at narrative description can choose narrative prose and even write short stories, fairy tales, fables and other literary genres; Students with developed logical thinking, strong speculative ability and good at reasoning can choose to do argumentative writing or talk about it. (3) It is necessary to consider whether there are enough corresponding genre materials. (4) whether writing this genre can write new ideas. All these points have been thought over and the genre problem has been solved. In fact, even the problem of material selection has been basically considered.
3. "Language" is the most basic factor in writing ability. The so-called literary order means that the language expression is standardized, accurate and coherent. Modern Chinese is a dialect based on northern dialect, with typical modern vernacular as its grammatical norm. To standardize, it is necessary to achieve standards, rules and models; Accurate, requires appropriate language expression and can conform to the original intention; Coherence refers to the semantic connection of sentences, reasonable order, attention to front and back reference and cohesion. In addition to the above requirements, the use of language should be appropriate and the use of language can meet the needs of different contexts and stylistic requirements.
4. "Standard writing and correct punctuation" is a literary problem and the visualization of the content of the article. In the composition of the examination room, the quality of the text will leave a very important first impression on the marking teacher, so we must pay full attention to it.
(2) Enriching the so-called "enrichment" means that the text has substance and evidence, and the theme of the article is displayed with enough high-quality materials. Narrative is concrete, descriptive and diverse, highlighting the central idea and enriching the content; Argumentative papers are rich in arguments, fully discussed and flexible in argumentation methods, which effectively demonstrate the central argument and enrich the content. Contrary to "enrichment", it is false and empty, which is manifested in fabricating facts, moaning without illness, exaggerating words and aimlessness. How to "enrich the content" of college entrance examination composition?
1. With the help of association and imagination. When conceiving a composition, through association and imagination, you can enrich the fragmented things and make them a complete whole; Through association and imagination, make a messy and messy impression on life, and form a typical plot and artistic image that is conducive to expressing the theme; Through association and imagination, we can also expand the original abstract truth into concrete things, thus showing the charm of the article.
2. Look at the problem from another angle. The ancients said, "Five senses give birth to five senses, and five senses give birth to articles." After determining the theme, we should contact the background of things and the characteristics of the times, and choose the angle of observation and discussion in many ways, not only to write the relationship between things, but also to cross the differences between things; Grasp the appearance of things and explain the connotation and essence of things.
3. Be good at making a fuss about the "development zone" of the test questions. An article, especially a narrative, commonly used materials include time, place, people, events, things, scenery, emotion and reason (referred to as "time, place, people, events, things, scenery, emotion and reason" for short), which can be used as a ruler to measure the test questions, reasonably expand the "development area" of the test questions, and then select materials to enrich the content.
4. See richness in simplicity. There are many things that can be accommodated, such as topic composition and proposition composition. Many candidates feel that they have something to say, so they cram all their thoughts into it. "The topic is a basket, everything is put in it", which leads to loose content. In fact, no matter how broad the meaning of an 800-word composition is, we should learn to "make big problems small", start small, concentrate the meaning of the topic on a central point, and see richness in simplicity.
(3) Personality The so-called "personality" means that the marking teacher should have a wonderful idea: profound thought, unique form, ingenious conception, wide knowledge, delicate description, or beautiful language ... Candidates should pay attention to training their own composition highlights when preparing for the exam, so as to write excellent works with unique personality in the examination room.
1. Overcome negative thinking patterns. Negative mentality is a conservative and rigid way of thinking, which limits people's thinking vitality and stifles people's creative spirit. Constrained by this way of thinking, the writer's thinking activities dare not cross the line, and the' article' written will inevitably lack personality, so will the writer and the discussion will follow suit. Li Yu, a man of A Qing Dynasty, pointed out in "Random Love": "Change is new, and constant is rotten; Change is born, and change is board. " The key to new ideas and vitality lies in "change", that is, breaking the mindset and bravely breaking through traditional concepts. Only in this way can we enliven our thinking. For example, when writing an article about teachers, most students will only make up their minds from the aspects of dedication, dedication and love for students. In fact, they can write about "teachers' anguish", "teachers' troubles" and "teachers' pursuit", and they can also write about how an incompetent teacher misleads children, leading to "learning to be an official" and teachers' self-improvement. Another example is Beijing's 20 10 "down-to-earth look at the stars" exam. A candidate jumped out of his personal position and cut in from the perspective of Beijing. "Looking at the Starry Sky" is about Beijing's grand future planning, while "down-to-earth" is Beijing's environmental development step by step in recent years. This article reflects the examinee's deep thinking and concern about current affairs, and embodies the spirit of the new curriculum reform. Another candidate's idea is also very novel. He compared Peking University with Tsinghua. As the cultural leader of China, Peking University has been compared to "looking up at the starry sky" and stood at the forefront of the times. Tsinghua has been compared to "down-to-earth" and made a solid contribution to the society, which is proved by the school mottos of two universities.
Extended training
Topic 1: Doing something and not doing something.
Huang Yanpei once summed up his teacher Cai Yuanpei with "doing something wrong, doing something wrong": "doing something wrong, my teacher is self-disciplined; Inclusive people, my teacher's teaching people, do wrong things, but also right. All-inclusive and big. "
Please write an article of not less than 800 words on the topic of "Do something" or "Do everything".
Requirements: ① Angle is optional; ② Self-determination; (3) Besides poetry, the style is optional.
Writing skills
"Do something, do everything well" is simple to say, but extremely difficult to do. "Doing something wrong" means choosing good and being stubborn. Have a good eye and stubborn courage. "Inclusiveness" means tolerance, broad mind and means of reconciliation. Otherwise, the inner ideological conflict alone is enough to make people worry, let alone treat others with self-discipline.
I used to think that tolerance comes from nature, but later I found that tolerance must be supported by vision. The so-called "oddities" are common, and it is not surprising that there are many things that can be tolerated.
Topic 2: Reading "Iron"
Can read the four seasons on the vein of a leaf as an eye; It is a wise man to understand life in the process of brilliance and gratitude of a flower.
Iron is a common element; Iron is a proud material.
What do you think of "iron"? Please write an article of not less than 800 words on the topic of "reading iron".
Requirements: ① Angle is optional; ② Self-determination; (3) Besides poetry, the style is optional.
Writing skills
The so-called reading "iron" means reading the profound meaning and extraordinary spirit (such as firmness, firmness, perseverance, courage, heroism, perseverance, fighting momentum, indomitable spirit, persistent belief and will, etc.). ) that is, "iron". Judging from the object and scope of writing, iron is something that everyone is familiar with and everyone has something to say. However, it is not easy to write a masterpiece with novel ideas, fresh materials, ingenious ideas and unique reasoning and imagination, which requires candidates to have a unique perspective and keen observation. As far as genre requirements are concerned, although there is no restriction on style except poetry, the stylistic requirements can be clearly seen from the prompt "What do you think of' Tie'", that is to say, writing argumentative essays or argumentative essays is a better choice. If you talk about the chemical properties, physical forms and uses of the element "iron", it is obviously not in line with the spirit of the topic.
This topic is rich in materials and has a lot of words for reference. For example, the famous works of the former Soviet Union, How Steel was Tempered, Lu Xun's bones are the hardest, representing the direction of China culture, Communist party member is made of special materials, and this is the backbone of the nation, etc., are all familiar to students and are good triggers for thinking about this topic. And there are examples of reading trees like "The Style of Pine Tree" and "Praise of Poplar".