First, "Ji" is an ancient style, mainly to record things. It often expresses the author's feelings and opinions and expresses his will by recording notes, objects, scenery and characters.

Second, understand dictation:

1. How did the author find Xiaoshitang?

A: It's nice to hear the sound of water across the bamboo pole, like singing. Cut bamboo to take the road. Seeing a small pool, the water is particularly clear.

2. What is the whole picture of the vanishing pool?

A: The whole rock is the bottom, which is near the shore, and the bottom of the rolling stone is the mountain, island, moraine and rock.

3. What are the characteristics of swimming fish and pool water?

A: There are hundreds of fish in the pond. They are all swimming in the air. The sun is shining, the shadow is on the stone, motionless; When you are far away, communication is sudden, like enjoying tourists.

4. How does the author describe the scenery on the pond? (or the sentence that the author described the scenery around Xiaoshitang)

A: The trees are lush, the coverage is distorted and the brush is irregular. /Surrounded by bamboo forests, lonely and empty, cold and cold, quiet and quiet.

5. Write a clear sentence of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

6. Write the sentence _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

7. The sentence that the author feels is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

8. Write the sentence _ _ _ _ _ _ Xiaoshitang is an inaccessible place.

9. The sentence that echoes "No Country to Be Alone" is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

10, write a static sentence _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

1 1. The sentences that set off the author's depression are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

12. Reasons for leaving Xiaoshitang _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

13, "The Story of Xiaoshitang" is the sentence that best reflects the author's pleasant mood of temporarily forgetting his troubles.

It's like having fun with tourists.

14, the sentence that writes the free and light swimming posture of fish is: (There are hundreds of fish in the pond, and it is helpless to swim empty. )

15, the sentence that shows that the geographical environment makes the author sad is: (sad, sad, quiet. )

16. How do tourists feel by the sedentary pool? : (sad and cold, sad and quiet)

17, the crowning touch of the article is: sadness and cold, quiet and quiet.

18, the atmosphere of Xiaoshitang can be summed up in two words as "sad and clear".

19, the main features of Xiaoshitang are: the whole stone is at the bottom, the pool water is clear, and the bamboo forest is surrounded (quiet).

20. What atmosphere in Little Stone Pond is highly summarized by the words "sad cold, sad quiet", and what kind of mood does the author show?

A: Sadness, silence, loneliness and sadness.

2 1 can not only highly summarize the atmosphere of Xiaoshitang, but also implicitly express the author's sad mood:

"Sad and cold, sad and quiet."

Third, the problem.

1. What is the function of the sentence "All stones are the bottom" in the first paragraph of the article?

Explain the characteristics of "all stones as the bottom" of Xiaoshitang, and explain the reason why Xiaoshitang got its name.

The beginning of the article is extraordinary. I heard its sound before I saw its scenery, and the underwater sound was crisp and pleasant. Which sentence in the article clearly explained the reason for this effect?

"The whole stone is the bottom, near the shore, and the bottom of the rolling stone comes out. It is a mountain, an island, a mountain and a rock."

3. The author didn't "see the pond" until he "heard the sound of water" and "cut bamboo to take the road". How do the verbs "smell", "cut" and "look" express the author's feelings?

It not only shows the discovery of Xiaoshitang, but also shows the author's interest in exploring secluded places and visiting wonderland. )

4. What do you mean by "cutting bamboo to take the road"?

On the one hand, it shows the author's exuberance; On the other hand, Xiaoshitang is quiet and inaccessible.

5. All landscape words are love words. By watching fish and visiting the scenery described at last, we can see that the author's mood has changed. Why do you think the author's mood has changed like this? (It can be understood and analyzed in combination with the author's situation at that time)

A: I feel resentful and painful after being demoted, so I have to send my feelings to the mountains and rivers to get temporary happiness. The author was in high spirits at the beginning of his visit to Xiaoshitang, but once triggered by the bleak environment, sadness and sadness followed.

6. What kind of thoughts and feelings does the author want to express by writing about the lonely environment of Xiaoshitang?

A: It is intended to express lonely and sad thoughts and feelings.

Please find your favorite sentence from the text and explain the reasons.

Sentence: don't move; I was in the distance, and the contact was sudden.

Reason: these words describe swimming fish, and the combination of dynamic and static fully shows the interest of swimming fish; It also indirectly shows the clarity of Xiaoshitan water.

8. In order to develop tourism, the local plan is to develop Xiaoshitang Scenic Area. Please write a brief introduction to this scenic spot according to the article.

Answer: For example, Xiaoshitang is located at the southwest of Xiaoqiu 120 step. This is a beautiful place for sightseeing and entertainment, surrounded by bamboo. Liu Zongyuan, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, once came here and wrote a beautiful essay "Little Stone Pond" which has been told for ages. Xiaoshitang is famous for it.

9. Center: The author is happy and sad, and his thoughts and feelings change with the scene. He used scenes to express his feelings and feelings, and implicitly expressed his bitter thoughts and feelings that he could not get rid of after being demoted.

10, "flicker visible" refers to a stream. Is this statement true?

The above "snake hunting" refers to what Xi said; In the following, "bank potential is different from dog potential" refers to the bank of a stream, which is "invisible" refers to the foundation of a stream.

1 1. The word "le" is mentioned in the article. Is this in harmony with the artistic conception of the whole article? Tell me your understanding.

The author's love for mountains and rivers is precisely to get rid of the depressed mood in his life of political frustration. Therefore, when he heard the underwater sound and saw the wandering state of the fish, he felt natural pleasure and became cheerful, which became the contrast of the author's mood at that time and formed the unity of opposites with the sad tone of the full text, thus revealing the depth of pain more effectively.

12, what is the function of this sentence in the whole text, "Crying bitterly and staying still"?

These eight words not only highly summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere and quiet environment in the pool, but also implicitly express the author's sad mood, which is the finishing touch of the full text.

13. What is the purpose of writing about the fish swimming in the pool?

It not only shows the clarity of the river, but also conveys the author's happy mood.

14. Did the author forget things when he was playing in Xiaoshitang? Why did he write it here in a hurry?

I like the fish in the middle of the pond. Thinking of my lonely situation and bleak future, I couldn't stand the emptiness in front of me, so I quickly recalled it.

15, what are the characteristics of the small pool source and flow in the third paragraph? What rhetorical methods are used? What are the benefits?

A caught the break of the stream and the uneven shore potential. B metaphor. Image C shows the twists and turns of small streams and uneven shore potential, and shows the mystery and unpredictability of small pool sources.

16 "The shore potentials are different and the source is unknown" writes the mystery of the source of the pool water. Combined with the author's relegation at that time, what kind of accommodation might the author have?

The author reviews his life situation and faces the future, just like this "unknown source" stream, which is confusing and endless.

17. What's the use of writing the sentence "It's no use swimming around"? It is also said that fish "seems to be very happy with swimmers", which expresses the author's feelings?

Set off the clarity of the water. Expressed the author's feelings of enjoying the scenery and forgetting his worries.

18, one of the writing characteristics of this article is the blending of scenes. Combined with the text, what is the difference between the author's mood when watching fish and the mood at the end of the tour?

When watching fish, writing that fish is "like enjoying tourists" also reflects the author's happy mood of enjoying fish and living in harmony with nature. Sitting by the pool, the fish watcher felt "sad and cold, quiet and secluded", which also expressed the author's depressed mood after being demoted.

19. When the author first discovered Xiaoshitang, he wrote "I am satisfied". Sitting by the pool for a long time, I feel "quiet and quiet" and "I can't stay long because of its clear environment". Is this a contradiction? Why?

Not contradictory. Writing "music" first is the mood when I first met Xiaoshitang, and "music" is another form of worry. The author pinned his depressed mood of being relegated by traveling, and the joy of seeing Xiaoshitang at first sight was a temporary relief; The beautiful environment of Xiaoshitang was abandoned and neglected, and the miserable environment of Xiaoshitang naturally aroused the author's association with the bumpy official career. His sadness and depression matched the quiet environment, so that he finally had to leave.

20. What is the real reason for the author to leave Xiaoshitang?

The source of Xiaoshichi is "unknown" and "visible", which reminds the author of the bleak future. The silence in the pool reminds him of the depression and loneliness of being relegated, which leads to great loss.

2 1, the author writes picturesque scenery, but also sends his feelings to the scenery. In the description of Xiaoshitang, the author's personal feelings and experiences are written. "All landscape words are sentimental words", please talk about your understanding.

When I first entered Xiaoshitang, I was attracted by the scenery and was in a good mood. Therefore, in his eyes, the swimming fish is "helpless" and "suddenly swims, as if he were entertaining himself with the swimming fish". The source of Xiaoshitang's "snake hunting" and "I don't know its source" is the author's anxiety about the future, which makes him feel that the future is bleak. At this time, the small stone pond is "silent" in his eyes. Cold bones. "This happens to be the projection of the author's inner loneliness, so" all landscape words are sentimental words. "

22. What kind of atmosphere did the author describe in Little Stone Pond? What kind of mood does it reflect the author?

Describe the quiet scenery and atmosphere of Xiaoshitang. It reveals the author's lonely and sad relegation mood.

23. In what order was this article written? What are the characteristics of Xiaoshitang? What is the author's overall feeling about Xiaoshitang?

(according to the order of the author's visit, that is, walking around for a change of scenery to describe:

Discover the small stone pool, the scenery in the pool, the source of the small stone pool, and the atmosphere in the pool)

(Xiaoshitang features: quiet)

The overall feeling of Xiaoshitang: deep and cold, lonely and sad. )

24. Complete the following couplets according to the text.

Sit by the pool and watch the fish swim. Enjoy yourself.

Fish in clear water, scenery in a stone pool, sad spirit, cold bones, and tourists' feelings.

Looking at Chi Yuan, we can see that the road ahead is bumpy and circuitous.

25. The writing of Fish in the Pond is wonderful. What do you think is wonderful? Are there any similarities in writing the moon in Chinese?

A: None of them involve water. Just saying that the fish is "wandering in the air", the water is clear and transparent, the fish is lifelike, and the artistic conception is deep and breathtaking. B, there are similarities: write a month instead of a month.

26. Summarize the uniqueness of Xiaoshitang in concise and vivid language and analyze the reasons why the author wrote it down.

The scenery of Xiaoshitang is beautiful and sad, which complements the author's depressed and pretentious leisure after being demoted. This is why the author writes for Xiaoshitang.

27. If you can return to the Tang Dynasty via just visiting and meet Liu Zongyuan in Xiaoshitang, after listening to his depressed and sad mood, say a few words of comfort. Among them, we should properly quote the relevant famous sentences in Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower" or Su Shi's "Water Melody" (when is the bright moon). (limited to 40 words) (2 points)

The written sentence contains the meaning of encouragement and comfort, which can make people "not happy with things, not sad for themselves", "worry about the worries of the world first, and enjoy the joy of the world later", "people have joys and sorrows, and the moon is sunny and full. One of the famous sentences such as "too late to be complete" is properly integrated into the content.

28. Comparative reading of Little Rock Pond and Night Tour in Chengtian Temple.

Same: (1) all describe the scenery, one describes the scenery in the pool and the other describes the moonlight in the courtyard. Both articles contain feelings in the scene. They borrow scenery to express their feelings; They all express their feelings by demoting officials and expelling inner repression. These special feelings of the two are all we can feel.

(2) The writing techniques are similar. Both articles use the methods of description and contrast.

Xiao Shi Chi Ji describes Xiao Shi Chi, with the stones and water in the pond as the background and the ambient atmosphere around the pond as the artistic conception.

The article "Night Tour in Chengtian Temple" describes the moonlight, set off by the empty water surface and the shadow of bamboo and cypress. Of course, the most important thing is to set off the author's special mood of being deeply touched in relegation, but self-adaptive and self-contemptuous.

Different:

1. The two articles have slightly different feelings.

In the story of Xiaoshitang, the article finally writes about the atmosphere on the pond, expressing the author's sad mood through the scenery. At the end of the article, the whole article is classified as "the scenery is too clear" because the scenery is slightly different and the mood and feelings are different.

The night tour of Chengtian Temple describes the surrounding environment and moonlight of Chengtian Temple. Liu Zongyuan lived by the pond and Su Shi stepped into the courtyard. Both of them were relegated, so their complicated feelings were probably different. Although both articles are mixed with scenery, the way to write scenery in Little Stone Pond Ji is to put feelings into the scenery, and the way to write scenery in Night Tour in Jichengtian Temple is to combine scenery with feelings.

The two authors live in different times.

Their cultural mentality is different. Liu Zongyuan lived in the Tang Dynasty. Because he joined Wang Innovation Group, he was demoted to Yongzhou Sima. Liu Zongyuan lived in exile in Yongzhou 10. Although he was deprived of the right to engage in political activities, he had the opportunity to directly understand the people's painful life, further understand the dark social reality, and devote himself to literary creation. His main works are basically those after relegation, especially those in Yongzhou period. Because of the long-term political persecution, I have a special liking for mountains and rivers, describing the beautiful and peculiar natural scenery in remote areas, lamenting that it was buried, and pinning my resentment and depression. Su Shi was accused of holding different opinions on the new law and was sent to prison. After more than four months, he was banished to Yingyong, Huangzhou. The words "resettlement in this state" are added to the official title, and you are not allowed to sign official business or leave the resettlement place without permission. Actually, it's almost like exile.

This 80-word Night Tour in Chengtian Temple was written in condemnation of Huangzhou's predicament. The author depicts the beauty of moonlight with poetic brushstrokes, creating a cold and bright artistic conception, and at the same time revealing his special state of mind of giving up on himself in his fallen career. It is like a lonely moonlight song, every note is shining with silver moonlight song, and every note is shining with silver cold light, which tells the author's bright and sad feelings.

3. Different personalities lead to different writing styles of the two authors.

Liu Zongyuan is depressed. In Yongzhou, 10 years of exile, together with the right to engage in political activities, was deprived. After further understanding the dark social reality, he devoted himself to his own creation. But 43-year-old Liu Zongyuan is suffering from waiting for him. In the 10th year of Yuanhe (8 15), he was only 43 years old. He was recalled to Chang 'an when he made great contributions, but he was soon sent to Liuzhou as an envoy, and the place he went was even more remote (now Guangxi). After two exiles, long-term depression and deteriorating health, Liu Zongyuan, who was only 47 years old, finally died in Liuzhou.

Su Shi is broad-minded. Imagine that an "idle person" thrown out of the hustle and bustle of Vanity Fair can enjoy the wonderful scenery of nature, which may be relatively broad-minded. Such an "idle person" has changed from a frustrated official career to a darling of nature, devoted himself to the embrace of nature, healed the trauma of political struggle in the comfort of nature, and gained spiritual recovery and peace from the magical beauty of nature. Yes, Su Shi's feelings are very open-minded. In this Night Tour of Chengtian Temple, he implicitly expressed his special feelings of being relegated, adapting to the situation and disarming himself. This article reflects his writing style.

4. The style of the article is different.

Liu Zongyuan's articles are bleak, while Su Shi's articles are idle.

"Little Stone Pond Book" says that "the spirit is cold and the bones are cold, and it is quiet and motionless." "Because its territory is too clear, you can't stay long, but you will remember it." In the article "Night Tour in Chengtian Temple", I wrote: "Why is there no moon at night? Where is there no bamboo and cypress? But few idle people are like my ears. " The rest of the articles refer to the author's style and will not be repeated here.

4, contact the context, combined with your life experience, talk about why the underwater sound of Xiaoshitang is "like a ring"?

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The most outstanding feature of this article is that it is good at grasping the characteristics of the scenery and describing it vividly and meticulously. For example, in the description of Tanshui in the second paragraph, there is not a word "water" in the whole paragraph, but there is no place where water is not written. Please do some analysis on this.