Graduate students can be divided into "unified recruitment graduate students" and "in-service graduate students".
The former can get a double certificate (both academic qualifications and degrees can be obtained), while the latter only has a degree and no academic qualifications (generally, he will take the equivalent academic examination in May and take the joint exam in 10).
Graduate students are divided into master students and doctoral students. To take a master's degree, you generally need to take foreign languages, politics, comprehensive subjects (depending on the majors you apply for) and professional courses. Dr. Kao doesn't need to take a political exam.
As a postgraduate course after the undergraduate course, the employment situation of China University graduates is getting more and more severe today, which undoubtedly alleviates many problems to a great extent.
In Chinese mainland, ordinary people generally call master graduates "graduate students" and doctoral graduates "doctors". Therefore, according to the common name, it has become the ladder of "college students"-"graduate students"-"doctors".
Graduate students are the highest education, and they can also be called graduate students after graduation, which means people with graduate education.
At present, the types of graduate students in China are complicated, which can be divided from the following angles.
● According to the different student status management, it is divided into graduate students with academic qualifications and non-graduate students. The former refers to taking the entrance examination organized by the state (including the recommended exemption for fresh graduates and the separate entrance examination organized by some colleges and universities approved by the Ministry of Education), and obtaining postgraduate status after being admitted. Upon graduation, if the course study and thesis defense meet the requirements of the Academic Degrees Regulations, you can get a master's diploma and a master's degree certificate. The latter refers to not taking the entrance examination organized by the state and having no student status. Students take part in postgraduate courses, complete the courses according to the teaching plan, apply for the national unified examination of foreign language level and subject comprehensive level of postgraduate students organized by the state, obtain the qualification for degree application, and then obtain the degree certificate through the defense of master's thesis, without a postgraduate diploma.
● According to the different channels of learning funds, it is divided into national planned graduate students, entrusted graduate students (referred to as entrusted graduate students) and self-funded graduate students. The national planned postgraduate training funds are provided by the state, and the entrusted postgraduate training funds are provided by the entrusting unit. You must sign a contract when you enter school and work in the entrusting unit after graduation. The training funds for self-funded graduate students are provided by themselves, and sometimes they can be spent from the research funds of tutors or sponsored by the society. The proportion of self-funded graduate students is expanding year by year. In the long run, it is an inevitable trend to charge for postgraduate education, but there is no complete plan that can be implemented immediately. Therefore, it is unlikely that the state plans to pay tuition for graduate students next year.
● According to different majors and uses, they are divided into ordinary graduate students and special types of graduate students. Among them, ordinary graduate students account for the vast majority. At present, the mature specialized graduate students in China mainly include MBA and JM. Recently, the Master of Management (MPA) appeared again. There are great differences between special graduate students and ordinary graduate students in qualification, academic system requirements and learning content. Therefore, at the end of this article, the MBA and the Master of Laws will be introduced respectively.
Master students implement the credit system. Courses, like undergraduate courses, include compulsory courses and elective courses. The academic system is generally two to three years, most of which are three years, and some are two and a half years. Generally speaking, the first two years are the study time of basic courses and professional courses, and most of the credits can usually be completed; The third year is used to finish graduation thesis, practice and find a job. Many schools stipulate that if you complete the required credits in advance and meet certain conditions, you can apply for early graduation. According to the regulations, the study period of in-service postgraduate students can be extended by one year accordingly.
On-the-job graduate students (pinyin: zháI zhíyán jisshēnɡ)
On-the-job graduate students are a type of postgraduate education in the national plan, who work and study part-time in schools as on-the-job personnel. Belongs to the national education series. There are different types in registration, examination requirements and admission methods. Is a formal graduate student admitted by the school, and has obtained the same academic qualifications as full-time graduate students.
Examination form
On-the-job graduate students are divided into three types: independent examination, equivalent academic ability and on-the-job master's degree:
(Specifically, it is divided into six ways: separate examination, LLM entrance examination in June+10, 5438, MBA entrance examination in June+10, 5438, on-the-job personnel studying for the national entrance examination for master's degree, applying for master's degree with the same academic ability, and postgraduate training courses. )
1. Individual examination: Candidates who take individual examinations should generally be limited to using ... >; & gt
What are the qualifications and degrees of graduate students?
On-the-job Shen Shuo is a non-academic education. After the applicant obtains the degree, it only shows that he has reached the academic level of the master's degree and has the same academic ability as the master's degree. This strength is the "strength" of learning ability, so it does not involve academic qualifications. Therefore, the applicant's academic qualifications have not changed, and he can't get a master's degree certificate, but he can get a master's degree certificate!
What's the difference between graduate class graduation and graduate school graduation?
A graduate student is a degree, and a master and a doctor are a degree.
Graduate students have both academic qualifications and degrees when they graduate. And graduate students, with academic qualifications, do not necessarily have a degree certificate; Moreover, graduate students are also divided into on-the-job graduate students (on-the-job graduate students do not have degree certificates). Postgraduate classes are teaching-oriented masters, and graduate students are generally called masters. The former is the * * * version of the latter. Look at the difference upstairs. It is strongly not recommended to study in a research class. Reading is equal to reading for nothing.
What do you mean by the first degree and the highest degree of graduate students?
The first degree is the first degree, and the highest degree refers to the degree obtained through further study or continuing education.
For example, when students graduate, they have a bachelor's degree, the first degree is an undergraduate degree, and then they get a master's degree or a doctor's degree, which is the highest degree. If there is no further education or further study, the first degree and the highest degree are the same, both of which are undergraduate courses.
First, the first degree
The "first degree", that is, the general full-time degree in the national education series, is also the highest degree in full-time colleges and universities, excluding on-the-job education in the forms of higher education self-study examination, full-time self-study examination, full-time adult college entrance examination class, adult college entrance examination (correspondence, amateur), TV University, online education (distance education) and so on.
The first degree, the Ministry of Education has no clear definition of the first degree. After the enrollment expansion of Chinese mainland University 1999, there is no such thing as the first degree. In practical work, the highest degree of formal full-time education for a student without interruption (in the year of graduation) is generally regarded as the first degree of the student [1].
The graduation certificate marked as "graduation certificate of ordinary colleges and universities" is the first degree. The students who graduated with the first degree include the Employment Agreement for Graduates and Postgraduates of Colleges and Universities (hereinafter referred to as the Tripartite Agreement) and the Employment Registration Card for Graduates of Colleges and Universities nationwide (hereinafter referred to as the Registration Card). Second, the highest education.
Academic qualifications refer to people's learning experience of receiving scientific and cultural knowledge training in educational institutions. At what level of educational institutions and training, a person has a corresponding education level. Broadly speaking, any learning experience can be an "education" for learners. In society, what people usually call "educational background" refers to the educational background with specific significance and value, that is to say, what kind of educational background a person has refers to the last and highest level of a person's learning experience, which is proved by the educational certificates issued by schools and other educational institutions approved by the administrative department of education and with the power of issuing diplomas recognized by the state.
Now the highest degree is doctor, and postdoctoral degree is not degree. Postdoctoral students refer to the teaching system of continuing to engage in scientific research activities for a certain period of time with the purpose of gaining scientific research experience and improving scientific research ability after obtaining a doctorate. Strictly speaking, it is a system. Later, it also refers to people engaged in postdoctoral activities, but it is not someone's education, and the highest education is a doctor. In China, "postdoctoral" refers to the doctoral degree winner who is allowed to enter the postdoctoral research mobile station to engage in scientific research, not a degree.
What do you mean by postgraduate education and postgraduate culture?
Postgraduate education refers to the graduate diploma issued by an institution with the right to issue academic qualifications. It must be a diploma, and all other certificates are useless.
Graduate culture is not a very accurate concept. I think it has at least two meanings: 1. It can be understood as postgraduate education; 2. It can be understood as reaching the level of postgraduate knowledge, but may not have obtained a postgraduate degree.
What is a master's degree?
The title of master originated in the Five Dynasties, and it also refers to a person with noble moral character and profound knowledge, but it was never an official position. The ancients said that a master is great. In ancient times, those who were learned were often called "masters of old age" and "masters of Confucianism", meaning similar to masters. China's national education sequence is divided into basic education and higher education. Basic education is the basic education of the people, including preschool education, primary education, junior high school education and senior high school education. Higher education is the education to cultivate high-level talents in society, including junior college, undergraduate and postgraduate education. Postgraduates are divided into two levels: master's degree and doctoral degree. Postgraduates are academic degrees, and bachelors, masters and doctors are degrees. Postdoctoral students are not degrees, but doctoral degree recipients who are allowed to enter Post-Doctoral Research Center for scientific research. It can also be said that postdoctoral represents a kind of work experience. Therefore, what we call "graduate students" refers to graduate students and doctoral students. For undergraduates, the reference to "graduate students" usually refers to master students. The graduate students mentioned in this manual also refer to master students. In Chinese mainland, ordinary people generally call master graduates "graduate students" and doctoral graduates "doctors". Therefore, according to the common name, it has become the ladder of "college students"-"graduate students"-"doctors".
What do education and degree mean respectively? What are the classifications?
Quite simply, a degree is an experience that proves that you have received some kind of education.
A degree means that you have not only received some kind of education, but also excellent.
Just like supermarket members and VIP members. Maybe all shopping places can be listed as members of supermarkets, but VIP members are of course people who buy big orders for supermarkets or distinguished people. In any case, they must meet better membership conditions.
Your education will be a bachelor's degree. Those who are qualified to issue a degree certificate can get a bachelor's degree.
After living as a graduate student, you can get a master's degree if you have a graduate degree and are eligible to issue a degree certificate.
After graduation, a doctoral student who holds a doctoral degree and meets the conditions for granting a degree certificate can obtain a doctoral degree.
What is the academic title of graduate students?
Degree: Master.
Education: Master's degree.
Education: Bachelor's degree: Master's degree What does this mean?
On-the-job graduate students, with certificates, are not unified in recruitment, nor are they full-time. Because it is not full-time and there is no master's degree, but the thesis meets the master's requirements, passed the master's thesis defense and was awarded the master's degree. Without a diploma, their academic qualifications are not master's or undergraduate, but they have already obtained a master's degree certificate.
What do you mean by previous education?
Previous education refers to the education received before obtaining the existing education. In fact, it is your full-time diploma, and many people are not "foreign education" or something, such as on-the-job graduate students. For example, the previous technical secondary school diploma may be an undergraduate or graduate student after passing the adult examination. The former is a technical secondary school, while the latter is a graduate student.