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[Photo ]8 Difficult national luck and vibrant citizens
8 Hard national luck and vibrant citizens
Number of hits: 50 updated on May 2, 2006.
8 Hard national luck and vibrant citizens
● Teaching objectives
Knowledge target
1. Accumulate words, master the pronunciation and meaning of words such as "narrow, restrained, tortuous, etc.", and learn to use them.
2. Understand the author and writing background.
3. Grasp the content of the article as a whole and feel the noble feelings and patriotic feelings of the author.
capability goal
1. Understand the meaning of some words in the context.
2. Understand the use of rhetorical devices in the article, and experience vivid reasoning writing techniques through a series of metaphors.
Moral education goal
Infect students with the author's personality charm, stimulate students' patriotic feelings, and cultivate students' high sense of national responsibility and lofty mission.
● Teaching focus
Appreciate the majestic language of the article and feel Mr. Wang's heroism and extraordinary personality charm.
● Teaching difficulties
1. Understand the meaning of some key sentences in the text.
2. Learn the writing method of this article through vivid metaphors.
● Teaching methods
1. Read aloud. The language of this article is bold, magnificent and fantastic. Teachers should guide students to read aloud repeatedly, taste in many ways, express their feelings through voices, fully integrate into the atmosphere of the article, and deeply feel the author's broad mind and unyielding personality charm.
2. Literature method. Collect relevant information before class, enhance the enthusiasm of learning, form perceptual knowledge, and comprehensively and profoundly understand the rich meanings of some difficult sentences in the text.
3. Beauty pursuit method.
4. Epitaxial expansion method.
● Prepare teaching AIDS.
Multimedia, portrait of Mr. Li Dazhao, tape recorder, demonstration reading tape, written materials.
● Class arrangement
1 class hour
● Teaching process
[teaching points]
Read the text aloud and perceive the meaning of the text as a whole; Collect information, understand the author and the background of the times, and determine the tone of appreciation; Students read independently, pursue the beauty of the article, interact with teachers and students, and appreciate the beauty of language and philosophy of the article; Experience reflection, understand the meaning of the article, and feel the author's personality charm; Read the words beautifully and convey the author's feelings through sound.
[Teaching Steps]
First, guide the design.
Design (1):
"Tian Xingjian, the gentleman is constantly striving for self-improvement." "Jian" means vigorous and promising; "Self-improvement" means being proactive and never slacking off. In the long history of more than two thousand years, it has inspired countless upright people to make positive progress and make progress, which has become an important criterion for future generations of energetic intellectuals to stand tall in the world. It has not only produced countless gentlemen with excellent moral character praised by later generations, but also produced many scholars, thinkers and scientists, and produced a considerable number of shining works, among which "The National Luck is Difficult, Hero Citizen" is one of the rare masterpieces. Today, we like reading this article together.
Design (2):
"Since ancient times, no one has died in life, leaving a heart to shine on history." "My heart is like a needle stone, which does not mean that the South refuses to rest." ... In these poems, the poet's patriotic feelings have inspired generations of people with lofty ideals who have political ideals and are committed to saving the country. They interpret themselves with words and prove themselves with actions. Li Dazhao is one of them. Today, we are going to study his beautiful article "A Difficult Country Makes a Strong Citizen".
Design (3):
Multimedia plays a series of portraits of Qu Yuan, Su Wu, Sima Qian, Du Fu, Yue Fei, Lu You, Wen Tianxiang, Zuo Guangdou, Lu Xun and Li Dazhao.
(Teacher voiceover) They are the backbone of the Chinese nation. They have the lofty integrity and noble patriotic feelings of the Chinese nation, and they have merged into a magnificent and high symphony of life, echoing in the empty and distant historical hall. Although far away from us, they will always live in the hearts of people with spirituality, conscience and pursuit.
(multimedia freeze-frame picture-portrait of Li Dazhao) Mr. Li Dazhao was unfortunately killed by a reactionary warlord on 1927. Man has gone, but his passionate voice across time and space still echoes in our ears. (The teacher is writing on the blackboard)
Design (4):
Students, just now we learned Mr. Guang Weiran's Ode to the Yellow River. (Students recite) Today, we learn an essay of Ode to the Yellow River together and feel the noble feelings and great spirit of Mr. Li Dazhao.
Second, clear learning objectives.
Multimedia display:
Goal 1: Understand the author and the background of the times.
Goal 2: Try to understand the language and understand difficult sentences.
Goal 3: appreciate the implicit beauty, rhetorical beauty and philosophical beauty of the article.
Goal 4: Feel the extraordinary personality charm of Mr. Li Dazhao.
The teacher chooses a student to read these words, defines the learning objectives, and makes the classroom learning targeted.
Three. Author and background introduction
Students can display the relevant materials collected before class by reading aloud or projecting.
Teachers can also provide necessary information, as follows:
1 About the author
Li Dazhao (1889~ 1927) was born in Laoting, Hebei. 1907 entered Tianjin Law and Politics College to study, 19 13 went to Waseda University in Japan to study. 1965438+Returned to China in 2006 as the editor-in-chief of Beijing Morning Post. 19 18, Li Dazhao was the curator of Peking University Library and later became a professor of economics. After a deep understanding of China society and a systematic study and understanding of Marxism, he sincerely chose the Marxist position. First, he held high the banner of Marxism, vigorously spread Marxist theory, warmly praised the victory of the October socialist revolution and the arrival of the "new era" of the proletarian world revolution, and immediately launched a strong and unyielding struggle against imperialism and its lackeys "robber world". That is, in this year, he participated in the establishment of Weekly Review and the editor-in-chief of New Youth by Chen Duxiu, devoted himself to the study and dissemination of Marxism, and publicized anti-imperialist and patriotic thoughts, and became one of the leaders of the May 4th Movement. 1920 September, the * * * production group was established in Beijing and became one of the founders of the China * * * production party. Since then, it has made great contributions to party building, workers' and students' movements and the United front. 1927 On April 28th, Li Dazhao was killed by warlord Zhang at the age of 38. Li Dazhao is not only a great Marxist, but also a scholar and poet. His poems were praised by Lu Xun as "monuments in the history of revolution". His works include Collected Works of Shou Chang (published in 1939), Selected Works of Li Dazhao (published in 1959) and Notes on Selected Works of Li Dazhao (published in 1979).
The following is a record of Li Dazhao's "unique skills" when studying in Japan (19 16) as a souvenir:
Don't be sad at the end of the world, you have to pay the price.
When to drink Huanglongfu and build a stormy building in China.
2. About the background
This article was written in the 1920s, just after the climax of the May 4th Movement. Feudal warlords colluded with imperialism, which intensified the oppression of China people and the destruction of the New Culture Movement. Feudal retro forces raised their heads from the trough and launched a fierce counterattack against the New Culture Movement. Social darkness is extreme. The Chinese nation is really like a "patient recovering from a serious illness", full of holes and struggling.
In the face of this "difficult national luck", do you get cold feet, feel dejected and pessimistic, or face up to reality, stand up and inspire the national spirit? This is a serious problem that every patriotic and upright person faces. We must make a choice and give a clear answer. Those who are not sound in national spirit, timid, vulnerable and servile, some have been promoted, some have retired, or turned their enemies into friends, embarrassed, or followed in the struggle of fear. Most upright and patriotic people wander in the dark, suffering from not seeing the light and being unhappy.
In view of this reality and mental state, Li Dazhao shouted loudly, inspired the vigorous national spirit, and established confidence in breaking through the obstacles on the difficult and tortuous road at the severe historical juncture, hoping to mobilize more people to devote themselves to the great cause of saving the country and the people, so as to turn the cause of saving the country into a cause for the whole people.
Fourth, read the text aloud and perceive the meaning as a whole.
1. The teacher plays the demonstration reading tape, and the students listen to it to understand the meaning.
Teachers spot-check students' preview, multimedia presentation:
(1) Write words or phonetic Chinese characters according to pinyin.
I (Xiè)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Cong Shan (dié)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Lingxian (jùn)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Resist (yì)_ _ _ _ _ _ _ force (xi×) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Curiosity is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(2) Use words to make sentences.
March forward courageously
Curious and interesting
The teacher selected several students to answer, and it was clear that (1) was steep, narrow and rugged. Omitted the hé n ɡ Zhu (2).
2. Students read the text aloud to understand the meaning of the text as a whole.
Teachers can put forward the following requirements:
(1) Draw words and sentences you don't understand.
(2) Summarize the general idea of each paragraph.
Student activities, * * * with the completion of learning tasks.
(1) Students draw words and sentences that they don't understand. Students interact and answer each other. If it is difficult to explain, you can ask the teacher, teacher-student interaction, two-way communication.
Difficult sentences that students may mention are:
(1) sometimes flows to a very narrow boundary, with mountains and cliffs on both sides of the strait. ...
(2) The process of national life has the same experience.
(3) People who are old at traveling will go forward happily when they reach a flat place. ...
(4) How can the current difficult situation hinder the progress of our national life?
⑤ When the Yangtze River and the Yellow River meet deserts and canyons, they all flow forward in a mighty way, making them turbid and overflowing Wan Li.
6. You know, it is also the most interesting thing in life to build a country in a difficult national transportation. ...
Students discuss and communicate collectively, and it is clear that: ① Narrowing: It is very narrow and difficult. The same is true: the same is true. 3 Old: Experienced. 4 inhibition: hinder inhibition. ⑤ Achievement: Achievement and formation. Spirit: Spirit and strength. ⑥ Interest: meaning and value.
(2) Students try to summarize the meaning of each paragraph, speak freely, and the rest of the students comment.
Clear: ① The road of history is rugged, and the difficult realm can only be crossed by heroism.
The process of national life, like the Yangtze River, is not always smooth.
Life is like a journey. The more rugged and dangerous, the more interesting the adventure.
The current progress of the Chinese nation is a dangerous road, and only vigorous spirit can feel its magnificent interest.
⑤ It is the most interesting thing in life to show heroism and build the country in a difficult national movement.
Fifth, read the text, pursue the beauty of the article and appreciate the beauty of the article.
1. Teachers organize students to exchange the first reading article.
Students are free to express their views.
Health 1: This article is beautiful in language, magnificent and powerful.
Health 2: The language of this article is beautiful. The beauty lies in the use of metaphors, vivid images and thorough reasoning.
Health 3: The artistic conception of this article is very beautiful, which is manifested in the flowing and turbulent waves of the Yangtze River in Ode to the Yellow River. /Turbid flow turns around and forms a zigzag chain! "Very similar, let's enjoy the magnificence of this river.
Health 4: There is a philosophy in the article, which gives people a thought-provoking and inspiring reflection on life and value.
Health 5: Knowing that there are tigers in the mountains is probably the image expression of philosophy contained in this article.
……
2. The teacher summarizes the students' speeches, which is the orientation of appreciation.
Teacher's summary: The students' speeches are wonderful and insightful. No matter what kind of understanding, it is actually about the beauty of the language of the article. Let's appreciate the language of this article together.
3. Han Yong felt the beauty of language in the article.
(1) The teacher communicated with the students by means of interviews with reporters, and asked the students to speak in the sentence pattern of "The language of this article is beautiful, and the beauty lies in [ZZ (z) [ZZ]", and extracted their favorite sentences and recommended them to everyone.
Health 1: The language of this article is very beautiful, and the beauty lies in the forceful rhythm and vigorous momentum. ...
Health 2: The language of this article is beautiful, and the beauty lies in the moral of the text. ...
Health 3: This article is beautiful in language and meaningful in metaphor. ...
Health 4: The beauty of this article lies in the image expression of philosophy. ...
(2) Teachers guide students to ponder sentences, focusing on appreciating the implicit beauty, rhetorical beauty and philosophical beauty of language.
(1) The taste is subtle and beautiful.
Multimedia displays the following statements, showing a question and completing a question. Mainly by students to taste, and refer to their own collection of relevant background information, and then collective communication.
The historical road facing the Chinese nation now is a rugged and dangerous one. On this section of the road, there is also a wonderful and magnificent scenery, which makes us feel a magnificent interest when we pass this section of the road.
What does the word "fun" mean? Are there any related expressions in Li Dazhao's other works? )
Clarity: The article mentions "an adventurous beauty", "a strange interest", "a magnificent interest" and "the most interesting thing in life". This kind of interest is actually an interest after experiencing difficulties and obstacles, and it is a kind of happiness and happiness. Knowing that there are tigers in the mountains, I would rather travel in the mountains, challenge hard, conquer the journey, and have unlimited scenery; It's hard to take the lead, stand up, fight bravely and be a capitalized person. It is for the struggle of national rebirth, dedicating the light and heat of life and composing a magnificent song of life: it is a kind of "joy of fighting".
Li Dazhao expressed his understanding of this pleasure in his works: "Promote civilization for the world, create happiness for mankind, create a youthful family, a youthful country, a youthful nation, a youthful human being and a youthful earth, so as to enjoy its endless life."
Multimedia display:
In this solemn and stirring song, we should show our heroism, sing the melody of progress and walk through this rugged and dangerous road.
What kind of spirit does "vigorous spirit" mean? Looking back on Mr. Li Dazhao's life, does he have such heroism? )
Clear: "vigorous spirit", that is, national spirit. "When the Yangtze River and the Yellow River meet the desert and meet the canyon, they all flow forward in a mighty way, so that their turbid currents roll over Wan Li." "Heroic spirit" is the spirit of breaking through all difficulties and obstacles and going forward bravely.
Mr. Li Dazhao, as the leader of the May 4th Movement and the founder of the China * * * Production Party, has a firm belief in the China Revolution and is loyal to the Party. He was brave and fearless, and fought tenaciously against all decadent reactionary forces until he gave his precious life. Li Dazhao explained the meaning of "noble spirit" with his life, that is, the mountain is high and the water is big.
Multimedia display:
You know, it is also the most interesting thing in life to build a country when the national luck is difficult.
(What kind of fate is "the national luck is difficult"? What sentences are prompted in the original text? What are the main aspects of "hardship" in connection with the social reality of the motherland in the 1920s? )
It is clear that "difficult national luck" refers to the combination of "difficult and dangerous realm", "extremely narrow realm", "extremely dangerous realm" and "rugged and dangerous" with the fate of the country in the 1920s. The "hardship" is mainly manifested in the imperialist powers eyeing up, the resurgence of feudal forces, the scuffle between domestic warlords and the people's misery.
Multimedia display:
How to understand the title of the article? Can they be exchanged?
Clear: Only vigorous citizens can change the difficult national movement, build the country with heroism in the difficult national movement, and strive and contribute to the dignity and development of the nation.
It is the difficult national movement that has created a large number of real warriors and real revolutionaries. If "active citizens" are put in front, the causal relationship will be reversed.
Taste the beauty of rhetoric and appreciate the beauty of meaningful metaphor.
The teacher asked the students to find out all the figurative sentences from the text and talk about the expressive effect of these sentences and the author's feelings and opinions.
Students circle the sketch in the text and speak freely. The rest of the students evaluate it.
Clear: compare the national life process with the Yangtze River; Compare the historical process of the Chinese nation with the Yangtze River and the Yellow River; With "mighty" than the history of the Chinese nation unstoppable, indomitable; Compared with the smooth development of China's national history, "the plain is boundless and Wan Li falls"; Use "twists and turns" and "obstacles" to compare the difficult national luck encountered in the history of the Chinese nation; Crossing the desert canyon with the Yangtze River and the Yellow River is more difficult than the struggle of the Chinese nation. Use "turbid waves rolling and pouring down Wan Li" to compare the bright future of the Chinese nation.
This series of metaphors is vivid and convincing, which shows the author's inner lofty sentiments and ambitions, and also shows the author's proposition: when the national luck is difficult, we should carry forward the spirit of heroism and strive and sacrifice for the dignity and development of the nation.
(3) Philosophical appreciation.
Teacher's Tip: This article has a kind of philosophical beauty, which gives people a thought-provoking and inspiring reflection on life and value. Mr. Li Dazhao's expression of the joy of life is actually a solemn reflection on the meaning of life. Please summarize Mr. Li's outlook on life in your own words. What kind of life do you think is the most interesting and meaningful?
Students discuss and communicate in groups of four, and then each group chooses representatives to communicate with the whole class.
Multimedia display:
"The most precious thing is life. Life is irreversible. You should live your life like this: looking back, you won't regret wasting your time and you won't be ashamed of doing nothing. On my deathbed, I can say that all my life and energy have been devoted to the most magnificent cause in the world-the struggle for the liberation of mankind.
Ostrovsky
"The purpose of life is to develop one's own life, but there are times when one has to sacrifice one's own life to develop one's own life, because ordinary development is sometimes far less than heroic sacrifice to prolong the soundness and glory of life. Beautiful scenery, mostly in strange mountains and strange water; Strong music, mostly sad rhyme. A noble life is often in heroic sacrifice. "
-Li Dazhao
"No matter whether the front is a minefield or an abyss, I will go forward bravely and do my best until I die."
Zhu Rongji
Students communicate clearly: Mr. Li Dazhao's expression of the joy of life can be summarized as "the joy of fighting", "the joy of struggle", "the joy of dedication" and "the joy of transcendence".
The most meaningful life has various answers, such as hard work, dedication, happiness, adventure and so on.
Sixth, experience reflection, understand the significance of the times, and feel the author's personality charm.
Teacher's question: Today's Chinese nation is prosperous. Considering the current international situation, do you think we still need "active citizens"? How to be a "vibrant citizen"?
Students speak freely.
Clear: Carrying forward the heroic spirit is the need of the times. This kind of heroism should be like the vastness of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and it should have the spirit of welcoming deserts and canyons, which can't be stopped and overflows Wan Li. "How can the current difficult state hinder the progress of our national life?" Yes, Li Dazhao's prediction has already come true. However, in today's new long March of socialist construction, we will also encounter difficulties and dangers. We still need to show heroism and be "heroic citizens". The smoke of the bombing of our embassy in Yugoslavia is still there, the U.S. reconnaissance plane violated our airspace, Wang Wei's heroic spirit has not returned to his hometown, and "human rights" are still being accused for no reason ... Let us respond to the call of the great revolutionary Li Dazhao and March forward bravely.
Navy submarine 36 1 crashed while performing a training mission, killing all 70 officers and men on board. They used their lives to defend the solemn oath of "not paying great trust and dying for the country, bearing in mind the mission of defending the coastal areas"; Members of the forest fire brigade of Daxinganling Armed Police regard responsibility as Mount Tai and green as life. Shui Junyi, known as a "war correspondent", went in and out of Baghdad many times for comprehensive coverage of the Iraq war. Li Ju, the world champion of table tennis, has made great achievements, but after retiring, she still struggled again with a pure heart. In the war against SARS without smoke, Zhong Nanshan risked his life to visit the front line of SARS, and Jiang did experiments regardless of his illness. There is also the hero who bravely climbed Mount Everest, the China girl Wang Yuan who "didn't exchange her nationality for the grand prize" ... They are all "energetic citizens".
Seven. Course summary
The students read the text together, and once again felt the author's agitation and majestic feelings, and felt Mr. Li Dazhao's broad-minded revolutionary mind and heroic spirit of lashing the times.
The teacher concluded: Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world. A great soul always associates his life with the fate of the nation-state, and regards dedication to the cause of the motherland and the nation as the supreme happiness of life. These people with lofty ideals, represented by Mr. Li Dazhao, have forged immortal monuments with their lives and will stand in people's hearts forever. The noble personality of the sages and the great spirit of dying for our country will always be the spiritual torch passed down by our descendants. In the blazing flame, we should say loudly to ourselves: Let the tomorrow of * * * and the country be stronger and better because of me!
Eight, homework
1. Collect famous sentences expressing patriotic feelings after class. Please write down your favorite sentence (at least 3 sentences) and take one of them as an example to explain why you like it.
Please write two sentences related to "Yangtze River" from the ancient poems accumulated after class.
3. Read the following and answer the questions.
The beauty of curves lies in life.
On the road of life, it can't be smooth sailing, and most people's life is bumpy. It is precisely because of this rugged life landscape that life is more substantial and meaningful.
When a person walks through a bumpy life and suddenly looks back, he will be gratified by his tortuous and solid footprints. The curve of life gives people hope and makes them forge ahead. It shows the strength and beauty of human struggle.
Throughout the ages, there are many successful people whose life paths are full of thorns. (2) Sima Qian was imprisoned, and with tenacious perseverance, he completed his masterpiece-Historical Records. (3) Deafness indicates the end of a musician's musical life, and Beethoven completed the immortal symphony of life under the condition of deafness. Zhang Haidi was paraplegic, but she taught herself four foreign languages and became a famous writer. Their life path is tortuous, but this kind of twists and turns just shows their great vitality in adversity! 6. This vitality is also a kind of beauty.
Beauty is the twists and turns in life, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(1) Add some words below.
Rough () Suddenly () Thorns () Suffering ()
Immortality () Adversity () Frustration () Paraplegia ()
(2) Explain the meaning of adding words.
Deafness heralds the end of a musician's musical career.
(2) Beauty is the twists and turns in life and the time when flowers bloom brilliantly. ...
(3) How to understand the beauty of curves mentioned in this paper?
(4) In the article "The national fortune is difficult and the citizens are vigorous", find a sentence with a similar meaning to "the beauty of curves".
(5) The word chosen in the last paragraph is _ _ _ _ (fill in the serial number).
A. Seek B. Fight
C. Rejoice D. Will
(6) What is the function of listing the deeds of Sima Qian, Beethoven and Zhang Haidi in the fourth paragraph?
Reference answer: (1)kēmùjíaoxiǔnòCuòtān
(2)① Deafness: I can't hear with my ears. (2) A bright future: getting rid of difficulties.
(3) The beauty of curve means that people are in adversity, which is a kind of tempering. It can inspire people to forge ahead, show the power of life, and make life more substantial and meaningful.
(4) The more you go to the rugged realm, the more interesting it is, and the more you can feel the beauty of adventure in this fantastic realm.
(5)DBAC
(6) Prove that throughout the ages, there are many successful people with bumpy life paths.
● Blackboard design
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China People's Education Curriculum Standard Edition Volume I China Soviet Education Edition Volume II Beijing Normal University Edition Mathematics Volume I
People's Education Press New Textbook English People's Education Press New Curriculum Standard English Volume II People's Education Press New Curriculum Standard English Volume I
History of New Curriculum Standards of People's Education Press Volume I History of New Curriculum Standards of People's Education Press Volume II History of Beijing Normal University Press Volume II
Beijing Normal University Edition History Volume I Beijing Normal University Edition Mathematics Volume II Beijing Normal University Edition Mathematics
Beijing Normal University Edition Mathematics Volume 1 People's Education Edition New Curriculum Standard Biology Volume 2 People's Education Edition New Curriculum Standard Biology Volume 1
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China People's Education Curriculum Standard Edition Volume I China People's Education Curriculum Standard Edition Volume II People's Education Edition New Textbook English Volume II
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History of New Textbooks of People's Education Press Volume II History of New Textbooks of People's Education Press Volume I History of New Curriculum Standards of People's Education Press Volume II
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1 At the beginning, the topic of Chinese was written by Li Dazhao.
Answer: Try to explain the advocacy in the article. ...
Read Difficult National Games and Strong Citizens
I believe everyone has read Li Dazhao's "Difficult National Games and Vigorous People"< ...
A prosperous country, luck and vibrant citizens.
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