Wang Yangming is known as the "true three immortals" for his contributions to Xiu De, meritorious service and independent speech. He is not only proficient in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, but also can mount a horse to fight and dismount to write. He used to be the Minister of War of Nanjing Government in Ming Dynasty, and he was a rare all-rounder in the history of China.
Lide
For conscience. Wang Yangming said that conscience is the spirit of nature. These elves, born, turned into ghosts and emperors, all came out from here, and it really has nothing to do with things. If a person regains his integrity, he owes nothing and he doesn't want to dance. I don't know what joy there is between heaven and earth.
If a person can completely reach his conscience and return to his true heart, he can get the greatest happiness between heaven and earth, which is that heaven and earth are accessible and his limbs are unobstructed.
Establish/create a theory
Mind, as a school of Confucianism. It can be traced back to Mencius at the earliest, but Cheng Hao in the Northern Song Dynasty started it, and Lu Jiuyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty started it, and it competed with Zhu's Neo-Confucianism. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Shouren (whose real name is Yangming, hereinafter referred to as Wang Yangming) first put forward the word "mind learning" and proposed that the purpose of mind learning was "to conscience".
Four-sentence teaching is an incisive summary of Wang Yangming's psychology. In his later years, Wang Yangming said that "there is no good and no evil body, there are good and evil deeds, knowing good and evil is a conscience, and getting rid of evil is a matter of style". It is generally believed that these four sentences are Wang's summary of his academic thoughts for most of his life.
He clearly pointed out that the essence of the heart is crystal clear and pure, and there is no good or evil; But once the idea comes into being, good and evil also follow; The ability to distinguish between good and evil is what Mencius called "conscience"; One of the key points of Confucianism is "doing good and eliminating evil". It is really the finishing touch, simple and direct, impartial, superficial and to the point. There is a saint in everyone's chest and a conscience in everyone's heart. It's just that some people's conscience is covered by bad habits and desires. Therefore, Wang Yangming taught us to "be a conscience". What he did was actually the process of discovering the initial heart and realizing the conscience.
Unity of knowledge and action. "Unity of knowing and doing" includes at least two meanings: one is to reflect what you know by what you do. The ancients said that what should be done is not to be ugly, but not to be evil. Whether a person's "knowledge" is right or wrong, whether it is rich or lacking, and whether it is contrary to "knowledge" and "behavior" must be verified by actions. Objectively speaking, this is called observing his actions rather than just listening to his words. Secondly, the unity of knowing and doing emphasizes the synchronization of knowing and doing, that is, emphasizing understanding in the heart and seeing in action, and there is no room for anything between the two. There is no time difference between thinking and acting. It's not that some people understand "do it when you think about it", nor that others understand it and gradually understand the truth and then put it into practice calmly. Don't underestimate the idea and the offline time difference. This kind of "difference" will often make success fail, or even lose your life.