Discussion on green maintenance technology of automobile
This paper analyzes the negative impact of automobile maintenance process on environment and personnel, puts forward the concept of green automobile maintenance under the background of sustainable development strategy, expounds its significance, and puts forward some opinions on the technical scheme before, during and after maintenance.
Keywords: sustainable development of green car maintenance technology program
China Library Classification Number: U472 Document Identification Number: A.
The life cycle of a car mainly includes several stages: design, manufacture, use and maintenance, and final scrapping. In these stages, the use and maintenance takes the longest time, consumes the most energy and may cause the most pollution. With the gradual popularization of automobile use in China, how to make automobiles have little impact on the environment and high resource utilization rate, and protect the safety of maintenance personnel to the greatest extent has become a common concern. In view of this, it is necessary to put forward the strategy of green automobile maintenance (hereinafter referred to as green automobile maintenance) and implement the green maintenance model in the automobile maintenance industry.
First, the concept of green car maintenance
Traditional automobile maintenance refers to all activities to maintain, restore or improve the specified technical state of automobiles. Its basic task is to give full play to the role of various maintenance resources to maintain and restore the performance of automobiles. In some maintenance links in the traditional maintenance process, the maintenance equipment and places used may become pollution sources. Mainly in the maintenance process (such as cleaning, welding, bonding, spraying, brush plating and machining, etc.). ), pollutants pollute the atmosphere, water and soil in the form of waste gas, waste water and waste residue, and may also produce pollution such as noise, vibration, electromagnetic radiation, radioactivity and optical radiation, which will cause harm to the surrounding environment and eventually lead to waste of resources, environmental pollution and human injury.
From the perspective of sustainable development of Scientific Outlook on Development and society, green automobile maintenance is to control the energy consumption of maintenance to the maximum extent, complete the repair, maintenance and improvement of automobile functions, reduce waste emissions, protect the ecological environment and achieve the goal of sustainable development.
Second, the significance of green car maintenance
Under the premise of sustainable development, green automobile maintenance is a modern maintenance mode that comprehensively considers factors such as resource utilization rate and ecological environment, maintains, restores, improves and prolongs the functions of automobiles with the least consumption of maintenance resources, reduces waste generation and avoids environmental pollution. Compared with the traditional automobile maintenance that causes a lot of waste of resources and energy, environmental pollution and even personal injury, green automobile maintenance is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Rationality of resource utilization; Second, the effectiveness of pollution control; Third, the friendliness of labor protection; Fourth, advanced maintenance technology; Fifth, the comprehensive benefit is the best. Therefore, green auto repair is not only a technology, but also a concept, a more reasonable, more environmentally friendly and more humanized auto repair concept.
Three, the technical scheme and method of green car maintenance
1, scheme design of green car before maintenance
Before green car maintenance, it is necessary to understand the national environmental protection policies and regulations and related technical standards, waste reduction technology, new energy, new materials, new technology and other technical data, and comprehensively investigate the relevant information of the maintenance object, including data such as faults, mileage and energy consumption. , so as to comprehensively consider the requirements of green maintainability, formulate a reasonable alternative plan, and explain in detail the materials used in this maintenance process, which are harmful and polluting, and whether there will be waste. What are the main problems, what are the recyclability of scrapped parts, what pollution may be caused, and what is the utilization rate of resources. Then, the appropriate maintenance scheme is selected by integrating various indicators such as automobile performance, maintenance cost and pollution index.
2. Process selection in the process of green car maintenance.
(1) green diagnosis technology
Green diagnostic technology is mainly embodied in two aspects: diagnostic methods and diagnostic equipment. In the process of diagnosis, effective protective measures should be taken to avoid polluting the environment and endangering maintenance personnel. In the case of serious pollution on site, remote diagnosis should be adopted as far as possible. Green diagnostic equipment with low energy consumption, less pollution, high reliability and easy disassembly and recycling should be adopted, and equipment made of green packaging materials should be adopted to minimize radioactive and electromagnetic radiation pollution. The application of green diagnosis technology can not only avoid the waste of manpower, material resources and time caused by disassembly, but also avoid the damage of automobile parts caused by disassembly, reduce the failure rate and maintenance cost, ensure safe production, save energy and be beneficial to environmental protection.
(2) Rapid maintenance technology
Rapid maintenance technology is to complete the maintenance task with the least time and the fastest speed, and to minimize the scale of maintenance work. It is an effective maintenance method in green maintenance. This maintenance technology and method is very effective for the maintenance that needs to be completed in a short time and some maintenance that needs to be completed under harsh conditions such as high temperature, heavy load or strong radiation. There are two main aspects of rapid maintenance technology: one is to use wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant rapid adhesive or industrial repair agent for maintenance work; The second is to repair the suddenly damaged equipment by cold welding, fastening and plugging. In this way, a greater degree of maintenance can be achieved with the least maintenance resources (manpower and material resources), which is beneficial to environmental protection, personnel safety and interference with other equipment.
(3) Thermal spraying technology
In the process of automobile maintenance, some parts need to be painted. Traditional manual painting is easy to produce paint fog, and the paint contains harmful substances such as benzene, which will endanger the health of maintenance workers. In order to eliminate its negative effects, machine operation can be used instead of thermal spraying technology. The so-called thermal spraying technology refers to the method of heating the sprayed material to a molten or semi-molten state with a heat source, and then spraying and depositing it on the pretreated substrate surface at a corresponding rate, thus forming a thin coating. This technology has the advantages of high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, friction reduction, wear resistance, insulation, heat insulation, electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance and microwave resistance. ~ radiation and other functions, to achieve the purpose of saving energy and resources, the working method of manufacturing coatings is usually called thermal spraying. At present, thermal spraying technology mainly includes high-speed arc spraying technology and high-energy supersonic plasma spraying technology, which can be applied to the preparation of wear-resistant coatings, anti-corrosion coatings, parts size recovery and anti-skid coatings on automobile surfaces.
(4) Green cleaning technology
In the traditional maintenance process, gasoline, kerosene and diesel oil are mostly used as cleaning fluids to clean automobile parts. This is not only a waste of energy, high cost and environmental pollution, but also a potential safety hazard, leading to a fire. Green cleaning technology uses water instead of oil, uses water-based cleaning instead of gasoline, kerosene and diesel to clean parts, and uses waterless cleaning to wash cars, thus reducing the water consumption for car washing and avoiding the generation of a large amount of sewage. The whole operation process is safer, the cost is lower, the pollution is less, and it is more suitable for automobile maintenance and cleaning.
(5) Resource-saving technology
In the process of repair and production, the technology of simplifying the composition of the process system and saving the consumption of raw materials is the so-called resource-saving technology. Such as optimizing blank, reducing machining allowance and reducing raw material consumption; Improve tool life, select new tool materials and reduce the consumption of tool parts; Reduce or cancel the use of cutting fluid; Simplify the composition of the process system, etc.
3. Recycling of waste after green car maintenance
Except for waste oil, tires, batteries and spring steel sheets, there is no clear recycling regulation for wastes generated during maintenance. This even includes some hazardous wastes that are chemical, corrosive, toxic, flammable and radioactive. If it is not handled properly, it will definitely cause serious harm to the environment and people. With the application of new materials and technologies in automobiles, some new wastes will be produced. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly study and standardize the measures for waste treatment in automobile maintenance industry, strengthen the management of waste in scrap market, let relevant operators know the correct treatment methods of hazardous waste, and reduce the adverse impact of automobile industry on the environment.
Four. summary
Using green maintenance in the process of automobile maintenance can realize the sustainable utilization of resources, control most pollution and reduce pollution sources, which has high environmental benefits. At the same time, green maintenance can make great achievements in technological transformation and structural adjustment and create remarkable economic benefits, so it is in line with the sustainable development strategy from the economic point of view, or from the environmental and social perspectives. Green automobile maintenance is the concrete embodiment of sustainable development and clean production in the maintenance industry, and it is the sustainable development model of modern maintenance industry.
refer to
[1] Lu Xiaoping, on the domestic and international automobile maintenance industry and its characteristics [J]. Electronic World, 2013,35 (05):136-137
[2] Sun Tao automobile maintenance industry development status "problems and countermeasures [J]. Journal of Yangtze University (Social Science Edition), 20 12.35 (05): 86-87
[3] Huang Zhi, green maintenance-a new way of automobile maintenance technology [J]. Science and technology communication 20 10/0, 12: 120
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