Many netizens claim that north china tiger is the South China Tiger, a group of South China tigers living in the north. South China tigers are distributed throughout the Central Plains, and should be renamed as "Chinese tigers". This statement has also been published in the encyclopedia, but it is only fabricated by netizens and is not evidence. In fact, there really is a north china tiger in academia. How did this happen?
The Naming and Classification Status of north china tiger
The scientific name of north china tiger is Panthera tigris coreensis, which was named by naturalist Brass 1904. Zhengmo is produced in Korea, so it is also called Hanhu. Now, you see, in the classical classification system, north china tiger and Korean tiger actually say the same thing.
North china tiger is the distribution range of Korean tigers, including the Korean Peninsula, Liaoning, eastern Inner Mongolia and North China, and Gansu in the west. In the Catalogue of Mammals in Palaearctic World and India, P. t. mandshurica described by Bykov in Harbin in 1925 is also considered as a synonym for north china tiger, and it is said that there may be such a tiger in the Wusuli River basin, which has not been identified by later generations. We know that the Wusuli River basin is the main distribution area of the Northeast Tiger, which also shows that the so-called "north china tiger" and the Northeast Tiger are very close, and it is difficult to distinguish them.
The subspecies division of Amur tiger has been a hot issue for a long time. Regarding the tiger subspecies in Heilongjiang River basin, the most commonly used scientific name in the past was P. t. longipilis published by Fiessinger in 1868. However, the pattern origin of this subspecies is not clear. Later, some scholar Ledek named the pattern origin "Heilongjiang River Basin" according to morphological comparison.
However, other scholars, including the great naturalist Pocock, are opposed to using this scientific name, and the origin of the model is unclear. They think that according to the origin of the model, Taxus cuspidata named after Dodd 187 1 should be adopted. The origin of this scientific name model is very clear, that is, amur river, that is, Heilongjiang. Since then, the two opinions have been arguing endlessly until 1967.
The classification status of north china tiger has been questioned. At the beginning of the 20th century, Soapy, who has been paying attention to and studying north china tiger for decades, observed the tiger skins from northern Shanxi and said, "There is no doubt that they are long-haired tigers (now Northeast tigers)". He thinks that there is no obvious difference in morphology between north china tiger and Northeast Tiger.
After the founding of New China, the Animal Investigation Report in Northeast China compiled by the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences also stated that there is only one kind of tiger in Northeast China, including Liaoning and eastern Inner Mongolia, that is, the long-haired tiger (now Northeast Tiger).
1967, Madzak, a famous tiger expert, compared the specimens collected by museums in European countries, and thought that the specimens from Amur basin to South Yellow River basin in Northeast Asia all belonged to the same subspecies. The earliest name of this subspecies is P. t. altaica published by Teng Mingke in 1844 on the basis of specimens from the northernmost mountainous area of North Korea. According to the priority principle of international animal nomenclature, Madzak proposed to restore the scientific name, the aforementioned long hair. Madzak gave this subspecies a resounding name, called Siberian tiger. China domestic academic circles like to call it the Northeast Tiger, which is the origin of today's Northeast Tiger.
So the Northeast Tiger we are talking about today actually includes north china tiger. As an independent subspecies, north china tiger is not established. They are not South China tigers, but Northeast tigers.
As for the Qinling tiger described by Wu in 1993, the academic circles generally think that it should be the South China tiger. I won't go into details on this question, because whether Qinling Tiger is South China Tiger has nothing to do with north china tiger. Qinling Mountain has never been within the distribution range of "north china tiger". Zoology has consulted more than 20 literatures at home and abroad, and none of them is about north china tiger and the South China Tiger. It is groundless to say that north china tiger is the South China Tiger.
Morphological characteristics of "north china tiger"
Compared with the typical Northeast Tiger and South China Tiger, what are the unique features of the tigers in North China?
Tigers in North China have never been described in detail. It is said that north china tiger is slightly smaller than the Northeast Tiger, with shorter winter coat, darker coat color and more stripes. Buckley (19 15) collected 20 tiger skins in south Korea. He said that these tiger skins are obviously darker than the six he collected in the Heilongjiang River Basin.
1954 A young male tiger was collected in Huining, Gansu Province, weighing 23.5 kg, with a body length of 1 10 cm and a tail length of 5 1 cm. The background color of the body is orange or brown, with double rows of black stripes all over the body. Every two stripes are close together, and the stripes on the waist and buttocks are numerous and dense. The forehead is the same color as the limbs and the back of the body. There are fewer black stripes on the forelimbs, more hind limbs, whiter cheeks and a white area above the eyes. There are several black stripes on the forehead, slightly connected in the middle, black behind the ear and a white spot in the middle. The fur on chin, throat, abdomen and limbs is pure white. There are 10 black rings at the tail. According to the expert's appraisal, the tiger's appearance is the same as that of a typical Siberian tiger.
Hebei Fauna records a male and a female. The male tiger is 190 cm long and the tail is 83 cm long. The female tiger is 182 cm long and its tail is 92 cm long.
In which areas did north china tiger distribute in history?
Korean Peninsula: A survey by Buckley (19 15) shows that there are more tigers in North Korea than in South Korea (now South Korea); Soby (1923) said that there are still a certain number of tigers in North Korea, and several tigers are hunted by local residents every year; But in 1922, Roosevelt organized a large-scale tiger hunting activity in North Korea. They searched everywhere and found only many tiger tracks, but in the end they didn't catch any tigers, indicating that tigers in North Korea were rare at that time.
Liaoning: According to Sobi (1923), there may be another kind of tiger besides the Northeast Tiger in Changbai Mountain near the border between China and North Korea. It implies the existence of "north china tiger" in this area.
Eastern Inner Mongolia: A tiger skin is displayed in a temple in Dorono, which is said to have been killed by local residents on the roadside.
North China: According to Sobi (1923), the distribution of tigers in North China includes the northern half of Shanxi Province, the Qingdongling area of Hebei Province, the northern and northeastern parts of Beijing. At the time of his investigation, the number of north china tiger was very rare. 1909, tigers can be found in the mountainous areas of western Shanxi, and they can also be heard. 19 12 tigers killed by local residents were found in the wild. At the beginning of the 20th century, an old hunter found traces of three tigers in the forest in the east of Qing Dongling, Hebei Province. 1932 in the south of Shanxi, a tiger that invaded the shop was killed.
The western boundary of Siberian tiger in China is not clear. According to Soapy's investigation, at least it has reached the western border of Shanxi Province. However, the young tiger captured by 1954 in Huining, Gansu Province was identified as a Siberian tiger, indicating that the tigers in eastern and central Gansu Province in the west also belong to the Siberian tiger. Further west, through the Hexi Corridor, to the Tianshan area in Xinjiang, is the former site of Li Haihu.
The southern boundary of the Northeast Tiger distribution is also unknown. The model origin of the South China Tiger is in the Yangtze River valley (Hankou), and the tiger in Qinling belongs to the South China Tiger. Therefore, the southern boundary of the Northeast Tiger is the Yellow River Basin, and the Northeast Tiger and the South China Tiger are roughly bounded by the Yellow River.
How did "north china tiger" become extinct?
In the early 20th year of the Republic of China, Soapy visited "north china tiger" all over North China and published many papers with north china tiger. He witnessed the disappearance of north china tiger. A series of problems, such as population explosion, habitat destruction and human-tiger conflict, have pushed the beautiful and charming north china tiger to the wall. In addition, Wilson (19 13) also mentioned that people's excessive admiration for the medicinal value of tiger bones made the situation of this species worse.
Soapy (1937) once called for the protection of tigers in his last paper on north china tiger. At that time, large carnivores were unprotected all over the world. He said: "Although it is still controversial whether large carnivores such as tigers should be protected in an overpopulated country like China, it would be a pity if beautiful carnivores such as Northeast Tiger, north china tiger Tiger and South China Tiger cannot be preserved in the fauna of China."
After the founding of New China, there were many investigations, but no trace of north china tiger was found.
North china tiger, taxonomically speaking, has been incorporated into the Northeast Tiger; In terms of physical animals, there have been no tigers in North China for a long time. North china tiger, gone forever.
Now, Li Haihu has long been extinct, and the South China Tiger is probably extinct in the wild. Except for the endangered Siberian tiger, Bengal tiger and Indian zhina tiger on the northeast and southwest borders, China has almost lost its wild tigers. It is an urgent task for us to maintain the only remaining tiger population and make it prosperous.
A 600-word civilized fashion in a high school argumentative essay.
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