Because it was in the early dynasty, there was no system yet, so it was different from the later tombs. There are 1 pairs of Shi Hu in the four doors of Xianling, and 1 pairs of stone rhinoceros and stone watch in the south of the south gate of the inner city, which are magnificent in shape and simple in carving. Originally, Zhaoling only had the reliefs of six war horses that Li Shimin rode before his death, which was called Zhaoling Six Horses in history. The posture of the horse is either standing, walking slowly or galloping. Only Soulouzi has a relief with characters, which is a scene in which Qiu Xinggong, a general in the Tang Dynasty, draws an arrow for it. Fine carving, accurate modeling and vivid modeling are the representative works of the great relief in the early Tang Dynasty. In addition, there is a 14 statue of Tang Gaozong Yonghui (650 ~ 655) in Simamen. Starting from Ganling, where Li Zhi and Wu Zetian were buried together in Tang Gaozong, a system of stone carvings in front of the tomb has been formed, and the contents are divided into six categories according to their nature, namely, ① lion, ② stone man, ② stone horse and horse □, ③ north gate winged beast and six horses, ④ fan Tusi statue, ⑤ huabiao, ⑤ stone tablet, wordless tablet and divine tablet. Among them, there are only a few statues of toast in front of the mausoleum. Taking Ganling as an example, except that there are/kloc-0 pairs of stone lions in the inner city's four gates and six horses in the north gate (only/kloc-0 pairs are left at present), the other stone carvings are arranged between the second and third gates in the south. From south to north, huabiao, winged beast, ostrich 1 pair, five pairs of stone chariots and horses, and 65433 pairs of stone men. The stone carving combination is institutionalized and magnificent, which forms a solemn, solemn and sacred atmosphere with the building. After the middle Tang Dynasty, the stone carvings of eight mausoleums, such as Tai, Jian, Yuan, Chong, Feng, Jing, Guang and Zhuang, gradually declined politically and economically in the Tang Dynasty after the Anshi Rebellion, and could not be compared with the stone carvings in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and their original majestic style gradually lost. In the late Tang Dynasty, the five tombs of Zhang, Duan, Zhen, Jian and Jing still maintained the setting of stone carving groups in front of the tombs, but they were short in stature and rough in carving, showing a decadent and dilapidated atmosphere. As for the artists who created tomb carvings in the Tang Dynasty, because they were craftsmen with low status at that time, there were too many names to be verified. Only the stone rhinoceros in the tomb is engraved with the inscription "Two Notes on Masonic Soup on September 11th (627) by Wude". This little Tang Er is the only author of Tang Ling's stone carving art who left his name.
One of Tianlu deer in Shunling in Tang Dynasty
Buried figurine
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Mainly pottery, but there are also some porcelain, clay, wood and stone carvings. Among the pottery figurines, there are glazed pottery figurines in addition to ordinary pottery or painting. Especially during this period, three-color figurines were created, with yellow, green-brown, blue and black glazes on the surface, and the two tire colors were red and white. Its firing temperature is slightly lower than that of porcelain, and it is loved by people because of its colorful glaze (see Tang Sancai). In the terracotta warriors and horses from Sui Dynasty to early Tang Dynasty, the characterization was in the transitional stage from north to south to prosperous Tang Dynasty, which often revealed the local characteristics formed in the Northern Qi and Northern Zhou Dynasties. The warrior figures in the town tomb still inherited the previous posture of standing next to the shield; The tomb beast sat stiffly on the ground; The maid's long skirt swept the floor, and her face was dull and lifeless. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the modeling style of figurines changed, and the figures tended to be plump, accurate and vivid. The warrior in the town tomb was replaced by a heavenly king, with full armor, vigorous posture, little feet and strong wind instruments. The tomb beast in the town has also changed from squatting to standing upright, with arms outstretched and manes fluttering, which is ferocious and terrible. The image of the waitress is the most vivid, with a long skirt and a plump face, which shows the beauty of Yang Yuhuan advocated in the Tang Dynasty. The carving scale is accurate, the posture is quite vivid, and the contour curve is full of changes, which represents the high achievement of figure carving in Tang Dynasty. As for animal sculptures, they are also vivid, especially horses and camels. The steed's posture is vigorous, or it stretches its neck and screams, or it walks slowly, or it stands with its head held high, which is extremely handsome. In addition, its harness is gorgeous and the glaze is crystal clear, which is still loved by people today. At the same time, there are many vivid and imaginative masterpieces in the Tang Dynasty, such as a hunchback with a height of 58.4 cm, dancing with groups of bands and dancers on his back. As powerful as a general
Fierce lion, like squatting on the ground, scratching his neck with his hind legs, is extremely cute. In addition, some figurines vividly demonstrated the living customs at that time, such as the three-color mirror dressing figurines unearthed in Shilipu, the samurai stone carvings with complete sets of weapons unearthed in-□ Tomb (see-□ Tomb Sculpture), the horse-riding batting figurines unearthed in Wei-□ Tomb, the clay figurines unearthed in Astana, Xinjiang, and the clay figurines performing acrobatics, all of which were very vivid and reflected the society at that time from different angles. It should also be pointed out that the purpose of figurine group production is not an artistic sculpture for people to watch, but a funerary vessel buried in the grave, so we can only show the achievements of Tang Dynasty sculpture from one side. There are camels and camel statues on glazed pottery unearthed in Liquan County, Shaanxi Province.