Current location - Education and Training Encyclopedia - Graduation thesis - Nanjing Normal University Chinese Language and Literature Self-taught Examination Paper
Nanjing Normal University Chinese Language and Literature Self-taught Examination Paper
Academic paper is a scientific record of new scientific research achievements, innovative ideas and knowledge of an academic topic from the aspects of experiment, theory and prediction. An academic paper is also a scientific summary of the application of known principles to actual new progress, which is used to provide written documents for reading, communication, discussion, publication in academic journals or other purposes. Academic paper is an academic article that uses systematic and specialized knowledge to discuss or study a certain problem or research result, which is academic, scientific, creative and academic. According to the purpose of writing, academic papers can be divided into communicative papers and evaluative papers.

Academic papers are theoretical articles that express scientific research results after studying academic problems in a certain scientific field.

The writing of academic papers is very important, and it is an important symbol to measure a person's academic level and scientific research ability. In the writing of academic papers, topic selection and material selection are the most important issues. The value of an academic paper lies not only in the writing skills, but also in the research work itself. It depends on what topic you choose and what typical materials you choose to express the research results under this specific theme. Scientific research practice has proved that only by choosing meaningful topics can we receive better research results and write more valuable academic papers. Therefore, the topic selection and selection of academic papers is a significant step before the research work, and it is an essential preparatory work.

An academic paper is an academic article that uses systematic and specialized knowledge to discuss or study a certain problem or research result. It is academic, scientific, creative and rational.

Basic category

According to research disciplines, academic papers can be divided into natural science papers and social science papers. Each category can be divided into its own category. For example, social science papers can be subdivided into literature, history, philosophy, education, politics and other disciplines.

According to the research content, academic papers can be divided into theoretical research papers and applied research papers. Theoretical research focuses on the study of basic concepts and principles of various disciplines; Applied research focuses on how to transform the knowledge of various disciplines into professional technology and production technology, and directly serve the society.

According to the purpose of writing, academic papers can be divided into communicative papers and evaluative papers. The purpose of communicative papers is only to discuss academically among professional workers and express their own views, so as to show the new trend of the development of various disciplines; The purpose of the assessment paper is to test the academic level and become an important basis for the promotion of relevant professionals.

national standard

technical report

Scientific and technological reports describe the achievements or progress of scientific and technological research, or the results of technology development tests and evaluations; Or discuss the current situation and development of a scientific and technological problem.

The scientific and technological report is intended to be submitted to the competent scientific and technological institutions, science foundations and other organizations or persons in charge of research. Generally speaking, scientific and technological reports should provide enough information systematically or according to the working process, which can include both positive and negative results and experiences, so that relevant personnel and readers can make judgments and evaluations, and propose amendments to the conclusions and suggestions in the reports.

Academic paper

Dissertation is an academic paper that shows that the author has made creative achievements or gained new insights in scientific research, and is written with this as the content, which is used as an evaluation when applying for the corresponding degree.

The bachelor's degree thesis should show that the author has really mastered the basic theory, professional knowledge and basic skills of the subject, and has the preliminary ability to engage in scientific research or undertake professional and technical work.

The master's thesis should be able to show that the author has really mastered the solid basic theory and systematic professional knowledge of this subject, has new views on the research topic, and has the ability to engage in scientific research and independently undertake specialized technical work.

The doctoral thesis should show that the author has mastered the solid and extensive basic theory and systematic and in-depth professional knowledge of the subject, has the ability to engage in scientific research independently, and has made creative achievements in science or special technology.