Dongshan in Gui Zhong's Wind is a very delicate work that shows the theme of war.
Dongshan is based on the historical background of Duke Zhou's eastward expedition. From the perspective of an ordinary soldier, he described the complicated and true inner feelings before returning to China after the Crusade, and sent out thoughts on the war and sympathy for the people.
At the beginning of the poem, the background and reason of the story are simply and directly indicated by the way of direct allocation of things. "_ _ Don't go home" is not only a direct manifestation of long-term fighting away from home, but also an indirect manifestation of homesickness. "I am from the East, and it is raining." It is a pioneering work of this poem to insert the description of the scenery into the event. This writing technique of blending scenes was inherited and carried forward by later scholars. Zero Rain in Mongolia not only points out the weather at that time, but also describes it in detail. Let people feel more at home, feel the story and set a beautiful and moving tone for the whole poem. It can better express the psychological activities of the protagonist. Then I said frankly, "My heart is sad in the West." Why is homesickness so strong at this moment? Because as a soldier fighting for the battlefield, he lives a life of "fighting with the golden drum at dawn and sleeping with the jade saddle at dawn" every day. When he worries about his life all the time, his homesickness will be temporarily suppressed by nervous tension all the time. However, when the war is over and returning to China is just around the corner, homesickness will surge up and haunt my heart.
"Make clothes, don't be a soldier." When soldiers can end their war life, they quickly untie their military uniforms and put on their usual clothes. Through this detailed description, the soldiers' feelings of rejoicing and looking forward to an early peace are vividly expressed. At the same time, taking "walking" as a typical behavior to refer to military life is a metonymic writing technique. The achievements of the artistic techniques in The Book of Songs can be seen.
The following are the hero's memories of three years of military life. First of all, "Who _ _ is in Mulberry Field" compares the hardships of military life through the unbearable life of silkworm. Make people feel sympathy for the soldiers. "Being alone, but also under the car" is a true portrayal of the life of soldiers sleeping in the wind. The word "independence" is the embodiment of the protagonist's inner loneliness, and narrative and lyric are integrated into one.
Every cycle of Dongshan is repeated, not just the simple repetition of syllables, but the advancement of plot and emotion.
The first part is the memory of the hard and dangerous life in the past, and the second part is the speculation about the changes and future of my hometown. This passage is about the destruction of the house, the coexistence of fruit and insects, the desolation of the countryside, and the ghost fire lingering in the hero's heart. It is also a reflection of the reality that war destroys production and makes people's lives in dire straits, and it is a ruthless accusation against war. This writing reminds us of the folk song "Join the Army Fifteen" of the Qin Dynasty:
He joined the army at the age of fifteen and didn't come back until he was eighty. Everyone in hometown, who is there at home? Looking into the distance is your home, with countless pines and cypresses. Rabbits enter from the dog's sinus and pheasants fly from the beam.
The writing is exactly the same. This shows the influence of The Book of Songs on later generations.
We can notice that Dongshan is very different from the works with the same theme in the angle of accusing the war. The protagonists of other works are usually civilians, who are displaced by war, such as Shihao Guan and Newly Married. Or from the perspective of conscription, accuse the rulers of being militaristic, such as Mulan poetry and military vehicle shops. The hero of Dongshan is a soldier who participated in the war. He took part in the Eastern Expedition of the Duke of Zhou, which was regarded as a just war, and won the victory. This _ has no heroic winner's posture, but also appears as a victim. Victory failed to make him escape the bad luck of the war, which shows that the war was disastrous for both sides. This gives us a new angle to think about war.
The third paragraph is about the hero's yearning for his wife at home. By writing about the wife's missing for her husband, the husband's missing for his wife is highlighted. Their feelings bring out the best in each other, thus deeply touching the readers' heartstrings. This writing technique was widely adopted by later poets. For example, Du Fu's Moonlit Night:
Look at it alone from the window of her room tonight. For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is. The fragrant mist wets the temples, and the jade shoulders are cold. When do you lean on the virtual _ and look at this bright light and stop crying? .
The heroine of "There is a melon in the melon, and there is a chestnut in the salary _" saw the utensils when she got married at that time, and she couldn't help but think of her deep thoughts for her husband. It also reflects that they were forced to separate soon after they got married. The tragic color of poetry is more prominent. From this, we can't help thinking that Du Fu's Divorce has a similar theme. It makes sense that Du Fu's realistic style originated from The Book of Songs.
The fourth paragraph is that the hero continues to indulge in sweet memories of the past. When I think of the wedding that year, the dazzling royal horse, the flamboyant wedding team and the dazzling clothing are all sweet and happy! The protagonist seems to suddenly fall back to reality from fond memories, saying, "Back to the new Kongjia, back to the old": they separated soon after they got married. How has this family been in the past three years? How hard has her loneliness been these three years? How did he think of meeting after three years of suffering? I'm afraid it's "no words to care for, only tears!" It is conceivable that the hero's mood at that time was so complicated that it was difficult to calm down! But there is not much narration in the poem, just "What should I do if I go back to the past?" Leave a big question mark, a big suspense and a broad aesthetic space, leaving readers with infinite reverie.
So is the artistic beauty of The Book of Songs, which can never be tasted and explored. Therefore, we should inherit our precious cultural heritage-The Book of Songs.