I. Reform
Shang Yang's reform encouraged farmers to reclaim wasteland, and those who worked hard in farming or spinning were exempt from corvee and taxes. Reward the meritorious service in the war and cancel the system of stone clearing and stone work. Abandon mining fields, open buildings, admit private ownership of land, implement county system, and the monarch directly sends officials to govern. Rectify the social customs of Qin State, implement the monogamous small family system, and stipulate that father and son and adult brothers are not allowed to share the same room. If they are still separated after adulthood, the household registration tax will be doubled and the 20-level system will be implemented. Shang Yang also compiled a household registration. Five families are friends, why do ten families supervise each other? If one family breaks the law and the neighborhood doesn't report it, then ten families will sit together.
Two. Impact:
Shang Yang abolished the hereditary privileges of slave owners and nobles, promoted the development of feudal economy and strengthened the centralization of the emerging landlord class. Make Qin's economy prosperous and its military strong; The world is full of talents; Military victory, territorial expansion and strong national strength. However, Shang Yang's political reform also had some bad effects: for example, burning Confucian books destroyed a lot of Confucian culture and works of other famous schools, and imprisoned the thoughts of the world. Emphasizing agriculture and restraining business leads to the slow development of productive forces, which makes it difficult to promote the growth of capitalism. The implementation of autocratic centralization leads to the gradual rigidity and loss of vitality of the country, making it difficult to enter a democratic society.
The success of Shang Yang's political reform was mainly due to the fact that the political reform was in the interests of the people. Qin Xiaogong supported the political reform and trusted Shang Yang.
In a word, Shang Yang's political reform was an important milestone in the history of Qin State, which made a new Qin State "changing customs, enriching the people and rejuvenating the country, and enjoying happiness for the people" appear in the land of western China, and had a far-reaching impact on the future development of China's history.