1. Topic selection: Choosing a topic with research value and innovation is the first step in writing an academic paper. But many students may be confused at this stage and don't know how to determine a suitable research direction. In addition, sometimes the topic may be too broad or too narrow, which makes it difficult to carry out follow-up research.

2. Literature review: Writing literature review is an important part of academic papers, and it is necessary to sort out and summarize the research in related fields. This process may encounter some problems, such as difficulties in finding documents, insufficient reading comprehension ability and poor induction and summary ability.

3. Research methods: Choosing appropriate research methods and designing experimental schemes is very important for the quality of the paper. However, many students are inexperienced in this field, and may hesitate to choose research methods or have problems in experimental design.

4. Data analysis and interpretation: The collected data need effective analysis and interpretation to support the viewpoint of the paper. This process may encounter problems such as improper data processing, inaccurate analysis methods and unreasonable interpretation of results.

5. Paper structure and writing skills: Academic papers usually have strict structure and format requirements, such as introduction, literature review, methods, results, discussion, etc. In addition, writing skills are also important factors that affect the quality of papers, such as language expression, logical reasoning, and argumentation methods. Many students may have shortcomings in this respect, which leads to the low quality of their papers.

6. Time management: Writing academic papers usually takes a long time, and many students may encounter difficulties in time management, which will delay the progress of papers and even affect the study of other courses.

7. Academic integrity: It is very important to abide by the principle of academic integrity in the process of writing academic papers. However, some students may have irregular behaviors when quoting others' opinions and processing data, which will affect the quality of papers and academic reputation.