"Difficult to Go" is a collection of Yuefu miscellaneous songs, originally a ballad of the Han Dynasty, and its content is twice as sad as that of leaving the world.

The three poems "It's a Long Way to Xiu Yuan" show Li Bai's sadness and pain, pursuit and disillusionment, and his romanticism. One of them, Difficult to Walk, can represent the central theme of Li Bai's poems.

This poem was written in the early years of Tianbao. When the poet entered Chang 'an, he was constantly excluded and flattered by powerful people. Although the poem is full of grief and indignation caused by the failure to realize the ideal, it still has not lost the confidence to make progress. The thought of the whole poem revolves around the contradiction between subjective and objective, ideal and reality, revealing the ups and downs and complex changes of the poet's feelings.

The second poem reads: "General Han was humiliated in the market and Jia was demoted." . The latter sentence uses the allusion that Jia Yi was rejected by his elders and nobles in the Han Dynasty, and its meaning is very clear. When the poet was recruited by Xuanzong, he once wrote a poem: "Laugh when you go out, my generation is Artemisia!" "Chrysanthemum morifolium" refers to people who live in grass fields. The poet is so excited because he thinks that he can change from a well-dressed person to a bosom friend and embark on the road to realize his political ambitions. He came to Chang 'an with a strong desire, but what he saw was the reality that different people have different opinions: "There are birds in the phoenix tree nest, and there are thorns on the phoenix tree." Swallows nest in buttonwood, but husband and wife live in the grass. What I encountered was the constant shooting of the open gun and the dark sword: "Your Majesty loves Emei, but he has no choice but to kill people in the palace." I can't stay in Chang 'an any longer, so I have to "go back and sing the song of the sword." This can't help but fill the poet's heart with resentment.

A poem, * * * 14 sentences, can be divided into three paragraphs. The first part of each paragraph focuses on objective reality, and the second part focuses on one's own subjective feelings, showing the pursuit of ideals. This poem is a lyric work, which is mainly expressed through the combination of images, forming a sensible poetic image. Revealing the internal relationship between image and emotion is the basic way to understand the theme of poetry.

The first four sentences (the first paragraph) are a complete picture, depicting the confusion of the lyric hero in front of wine and food, which is an emotional catharsis: "Pure wine is a golden bottle, a pot of ten thousand copper, and I am ashamed and straightforward. I throw a stick cup, I can't eat or drink, I pull out my dagger, and I peep around in vain." "Golden urn" refers to a luxurious wine glass. "Fighting for a thousand dollars" is a good wine worth a thousand dollars. "Shame" and "shame" are the same. "Delicious" refers to precious dishes. In the face of wine and food, I have no intention of chopsticks, draw my sword and look around, feeling at a loss. These words about friends saying goodbye to Li Bai make people feel like a happy party, but the following two details, "Quit drinking and throwing chopsticks" and "Draw your sword and look around", show the strong impact of the poet's emotional waves. He can't eat, showing grief and indignation. The sumptuous banquet could not dispel his frustration that his ambition was frustrated because he was not reused in the imperial court. The resentment expressed in the four poems is likely to be broken by the flood. Because the poet's feelings are reflected through the description of the poet's behavior, people can not only feel the poet's emotions, but also see his depressed and tormented manner, which greatly strengthens the vividness and image of the poem. The whole poem is emphasized by exaggeration. The first two sentences particularly exaggerate the beauty of the banquet: luxurious utensils, cups of gold, plates of jade, expensive wine, 1000 cups of wine and 10,000 dishes. Such fine wine and delicacies are hard to swallow and make people rise from the opposite side, so as to set off the poet's inner loss and show his deep grief and indignation.

The third sentence, don't eat, overlap two actions, "stop the cup" and "throw chopsticks", are all detailed descriptions.

The fourth sentence describes the excited mood, and compares the three modes of "drawing sword", "looking around" and "being at a loss", all of which are drawn with thick ink and heavy strokes, which are extremely eye-catching and impressive.

These four sentences are obviously influenced by Bao Zhao's poem "Difficult to Walk": "You can't eat the case, draw your sword and strike the column with a sigh", but they have the elegance of Tang poetry. Poetry begins with resentment and pours out with great momentum.

Where does the poet's sorrow come from? The next two sentences describe the root cause of emotion, which falls on a difficult topic.

The four sentences in the middle are the second paragraph of the poem, which uses metaphors and symbols of various images to convey the inner contradictions of disappointment and hope. From the beginning, I used the steep mountains and rivers in reality to imply that I was in a difficult situation and the political road was bumpy. In the first paragraph, four sentences are a straight line, and these two sentences have been changed to Bi Xing: "I want to cross the Yellow River, but the ice blocked the ferry, and it is snowing everywhere on Taihang Mountain." Writing "It's Hard to Go to the Front" vividly shows his situation at that time. He tried to cross the Yellow River, but the ice blocked the river. He wanted to climb Taihang Mountain, but the heavy snow blocked the way. At this time, Li Baizheng was planning to cross Liang and Lu to the east, only to encounter the danger of the Yellow River and Taihang Mountain on the way. It is appropriate and clear to use these two sentences to describe the difficult world and the stumbling situation. Bao Zhao's "Crane Dance" said: "The ice is blocked for a long time, and the mountains are covered with snow." Li Bai's words in these two sentences are similar to Bao's, but Bao's sentence is only a description of the scenery, and Li Bai uses it as a metaphor, with very different meanings. On the surface, the poem means that if you want to cross the Yellow River, you will be blocked by ice, climb the Taihang Mountain and close the mountain with heavy snow. The poet's real intention is to symbolize the difficulties and obstacles on the road of life through mountains and rivers. There is no way out in such a vast world. How can a poet look to the future without looking around?

Did the poet stop there? Li Bai is not that kind of cowardly character. "Draw your sword and look around" is still unwilling to be depressed. Due to the obstacle of reality, he tried to live a leisurely and secluded life of "fishing" and "boating", but he never made up his mind. "I will sit on a fishing rod and lazily lean against the stream, but I suddenly dream of driving a boat and sailing towards the sun." It is also the performance of continuing to pursue. Literally speaking, "fishing" and "boating" are a poor and secluded life, but in fact, these two sentences are secretly expressing the poet's inner pursuit with two allusions. First, when Jiang Taigong Lu merchants met Zhou Wenwang, they used to fish by the stream. Later, I met King Wen and was recruited as a teacher to help win the world. Another allusion is that Yi Yin was just a plowman before he was appointed as Shang Tang. He dreamed that he crossed the sun by boat, which won the appreciation of Shang Tang and helped Tang win the world. Although I am depressed and neglected, I still have hope. Li Bai was in a daze, still comparing himself with Lv Shang and Yi Yin. My dream is to do something as great as them under the orders of a wise monarch. These two men didn't have a smooth start, but in the end they both became historical figures with outstanding achievements, which gave Li Bai confidence and made him extremely unfair. Why aren't you so lucky? Where is your way out? This allusion shows that the poet still can't forget the reality, and still hopes to find a realistic and feasible way and meet an accidental opportunity to realize his ideals and ambitions. During this period, Li Bai's hopes and disappointments, anguish and pursuit changed rapidly.

It is this fierce conflict between reality and hope that makes the poet shout out "The road is hard to walk, it is hard to walk, there are many roads, and now we live in peace", and the poem enters the third paragraph. First, the emotion is brought back to reality by "the road is difficult to walk, and there are many different roads", which accurately conveys the complex psychology of the poet who is in a dilemma and wants to continue to explore and pursue. A fork in the road is a fork in the road. East can be west, south can be north. "Being" is like saying a stop, which is an intentional extension here. The rhythm of the poem is short and jumping, and he seems to be on the wrong path. He can't find the blue sky avenue extending in all directions, and he doesn't know where he is. He is wandering on the road of life, at a loss, corresponding to the above "I pulled out my dagger, and I peeped around for nothing." It can be regarded as an inner monologue in an anxious state, which vividly conveys the poet's complex psychology of being in a dilemma and continuing to explore and pursue. This heartfelt cry, thrilling and touching, has inspired countless people with bumpy fate and difficult aspirations for thousands of years. It truly conveys the feelings of depression and hesitation and strong feelings. Times are hard and the fork in the road is just around the corner. Where are you going? We believe that Li Bai, who is stubborn and confident, will not give in to fate. The poet did not wander between depression and depression, but looked forward to the future and sang a loud poem with confidence: "One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise my muddy sail and cross the deep sea!" "Long Winds and Waves" is an allusion to Zongxi in the Southern Dynasties. Zong Yi once expressed his ambition to his uncle and said, "I am willing to ride the wind and waves", which means aiming at all directions and making great achievements. Thanks to his perseverance, courage and self-motivation, he finally achieved great success. Emperor Wendi was Emperor Wendi and General Zhenwu. Later, with Liu Jun, King of Wuling (filial piety to Emperor Wu), he repeatedly made meritorious military service, making him a general and a Hou. In the third year of Daming, he took part in the rebellion against the birthday of Liu, the king of Jingling. Abolition of the emperor, Ren Ningman, a captain, Yongzhou secretariat, viceroy. After his death, he was introduced to General Xi and called "Su Hou". Li Bai turned to Zongxi language in his predicament to show his ambition, which fully showed his optimism and self-confidence. "Yun Fan" means Van Gogh. "Economy" means crossing the border. "Sea" is the sea. One day, I will ride the wind and waves and cross the sea with Zhang. The high-pitched poetic language and heroic momentum fully show the poet's confidence and strength. He pushed his thoughts to the realm of being suddenly enlightened and sang a high-pitched and optimistic tone. He didn't give up his ardent pursuit of his ideal because things were difficult. He still firmly believes that his ideals and ambitions will come true.

The whole poem is full of thinking jumps, ideological contradictions and emotional ups and downs. It can be said that it is a torrent of emotions. With the passage of complex contradictory feelings, the ups and downs of poetry naturally form. Angry excitement, depressed hesitation and high-spirited optimism come out alternately, turning and oscillating, shocking people's hearts, showing the characteristics of the poet's poems about things. The whole poem has three paragraphs, the first half of each paragraph, either writing realism or writing metaphors, focusing on objective description; The last two sentences, either speaking frankly or using allusions, focus on expressing subjective ideals, alternately describing reality and ideals, and showing the contrast and conflict between them. Through ups and downs of feelings, it not only fully shows the obstacle of dark reality to the poet's ideal and ambition, but also reflects the poet's inner depression and oppression and the injustice caused by it. Anger, confusion, self-confidence, and various emotions are intertwined, which constitutes the emotional change of the poem. At the same time, it also highlights the poet's stubbornness, self-confidence and persistent pursuit of ideals, and shows the poet's powerful spiritual strength to break away from repression. This poem expresses the poet's pursuit and disillusionment in the contradiction between ideal and reality, and shows his romantic spirit.

Liang Qichao once said: "To cover the course of life, adversity usually accounts for 16-7, prosperity accounts for 13-4, and prosperity and adversity often alternate." No matter the size of the matter, there must be several times or even ten times the resistance. Although the resistance is large or small, it is inevitable. "(On Perseverance, Drinking Room Collection and Xinmin Theory) It is not terrible to encounter adversity in life. The terrible thing is to be timid in the face of adversity. Words are certainly touching; However, the ideal of being unable to face the danger of life is undoubtedly illusory. This poem takes the contradiction between reality and ideal as the keynote and the author's emotional ups and downs as the clue. In the process of revealing the complex mental journey of the lyric hero, it shows the poet's persistent pursuit of ideals, which makes people feel real and moved. In the poem, faced with the confusion of wine and food, the official career symbolized by "ice blocking Sichuan" and "snow mountain" is hard, and the cruel reality of "the road is long, but it is not only an obstacle to the realization of the poet's ideal, but also a touchstone to test the poet's fighting spirit and confidence. When the poet sings "One day I will climb the and set my cloudy sail straight and bridge the deep, deep sea", it is the time for him to break through many contradictions and obstacles, and it is also the beginning for him to overcome himself and move towards the future and hope.

Metaphor is used in the poem, which has far-reaching symbolic significance; The use of historical allusions has profound implications and accurately expresses the poet's thoughts and feelings.

The second song of "It's Hard to Walk" focuses on the darkness of reality. "The road is as wide as the blue sky, and there is no way out"-in a word, what a cry of grief and indignation! Finally, "it's hard to go, come back!" It is both a heavy sigh and an angry protest.

The third song of "It's Hard to Walk" shows more negative emotions of depression and early retirement.

These three "Difficult to Walk" fully show the bitterness of Li Bai's struggle in the contradiction between ideal and reality, and represent his romantic characteristics. One is the most representative.

In addition, Li Bai's romanticism also shows an anti-power, contempt and unyielding character. His contempt, attack and resistance to the decadent upper class are the concentrated expression of the democratic essence of his poems.

When reading Li Bai's poems and songs, we should grasp a central theme and theme, that is, the contradiction between ideal and reality, and a cynicism constantly emerges from his poems.