Tiantai vocational secondary school Lu Qunhui

Abstract: It is an indisputable fact that the present situation of vocational high school students' composition is worrying and can not meet students' basic living needs and employment needs. We should find out the reasons, according to the idea that vocational education is rice bowl education, and proceed from the reality of vocational high school students and vocational education to improve students' writing ability.

[Keywords:] Vocational high school Chinese composition status and countermeasures

With the expansion of high school enrollment, the scale of vocational education is getting bigger and bigger, and the overall quality of students entering vocational high schools, especially the quality of Chinese, mathematics, English and other cultural courses is getting worse and worse. Most Chinese teachers engaged in vocational education know that many students can't write, can't write well, and even talk about the color change of their compositions; Although some students have a relatively good writing foundation, they are always perfunctory about their compositions. This will seriously affect the quality of composition teaching and cannot meet the needs of students' employment.

Composition is the basis for evaluating students' language expression, logical analysis, value orientation, social responsibility and other abilities and emotions. Composition is also the need of students' basic life in the future, and its importance is self-evident. According to the present situation of students' composition in vocational high schools and the analysis of its causes, the author discusses the effective ways and methods to improve students' composition level.

First, the status quo of vocational high school students' composition:

In order to better carry out composition teaching, the author checked and counted the compositions of more than 000 students of Grade 04 1000 in our school in the final exam of last semester, and found the following problems:

(a) graffiti, face is not clean.

Girls often have too small fonts and too thin strokes, while boys mostly scribble and alter them at will; It is a common phenomenon that there are many typos and punctuation marks cannot be used correctly. According to statistics, 1 to 2 out of every 30 compositions are almost illegible.

(2) The language is poor and the words used are not satisfactory.

Mr. Zhang Zhigong hit the nail on the head: "Poverty is the fatal wound of China people." Due to poor foundation, poor language and vocabulary, vocational high school students can't express their ideas. They just toss and turn a few words, lacking vitality and vitality. Only the title of the article has no text, and the number of words is seriously insufficient, accounting for 20%.

(3) The center is unknown and unorganized.

Good articles are always good at deducing topics. There are 36% compositions, and there are no keywords related to the topic or expressions similar to the topic from beginning to end. About 30% students, the article structure is chaotic, not to mention the methods to make the article structure clear, such as the topic of the central period, the initiation of rhetorical questions, the transfer of turning sentences, and the instructions of concluding sentences.

(D) vague content, lack of true feelings.

60% students don't carefully examine the questions when writing, but just make up their minds. The content is vague, the article is irrelevant, and the article is too big and inappropriate. Or moaning without illness, the article lacks true feelings.

(5) pale thinking, hard to say.

About 50% students always repeat some old millet rotten sesame seeds used in primary and junior high schools when writing articles; The level of thinking stays in the naive stage, and the analysis of some phenomena and viewpoints is not thorough, and people follow suit and have no original opinions. There is also 10%, which is extreme, pessimistic and blind. Because of their low ideological style, they do not meet the requirements of "mental health"

It is an indisputable fact that the present situation of vocational high school students' composition is worrying. We should face up to this reality, we can't blame students blindly, and we can't feel sorry for ourselves. We should find out the reasons, analyze the reasons and respond positively.

Second, the reasons for the low level of composition of vocational high school students

There are many reasons for the low level of middle school students' composition, including society, schools, families and students themselves. There are two main reasons: one is the students themselves, and the other is our teacher.

(A) students' own reasons

1. Seriously tired of learning, not interested.

At present, the way to select talents is examination, and scores are the lifeblood of students. Therefore, students' activity space is limited to "two rooms and one living room" (classroom, dormitory, dining room), and students' personal freedom is firmly bound to desks and chairs, and they recite questions in class. Dull study led them to ignore the vibrant four seasons and changing society, and their writing lost its source. It is precisely because such learning is no different from hard labor that they will inevitably feel hesitant, hopeless, negative and even tired of learning.

2. Small reading, narrow reading range and low reading taste.

Most students read a small amount and have a narrow reading range. Although some students have some extracurricular reading, the number of students reading martial arts novels, romance novels and even illegal publications far exceeds the number of literary masterpieces. Newspapers pay little attention, only care about the gossip of film and television stars, and don't understand political current affairs. Low reading taste leads to low ideological level and mental malnutrition.

3. Neglect of life and poor thinking habits.

Composition originates from life, observation and experience. Most of today's students are only children, who grew up under the care of their parents and lacked due care for the people and things around them. Even for major social events, they just stay at a new level and don't think about the reasons behind the phenomenon.

(B) Teachers' reasons

1. Insufficient understanding and guidance.

Many teachers don't know enough about the nature of vocational education, the relationship between cultural courses and professional courses, the concept of rice bowl education and the idea of serving the profession.

Some teachers don't prepare lessons as carefully as reading classes, and their guidance is not in place, which leads to students' writing always like that, and even the phenomenon that their writing ability is backward.

2. Rough corrections and simple comments.

Chinese teachers in vocational high schools generally undertake the task of Chinese teaching in two classes and serve as class teachers. Collect composition 100. It is more difficult for vocational high school students to correct a composition than for teachers to write one themselves, and the workload of marking papers can be imagined. As a result, some teachers have negative psychology, and they are perfunctory in correcting students' compositions, simply making comments, becoming a mere formality or even not making comments. Students write well, but poorly. In fact, students not only care about their composition scores, but also care about their teachers' evaluation. A few words and a few red wavy lines (encouraging symbols of good words and sentences) will excite students.

Third, the countermeasures to improve the composition level of vocational high school students

"Rome wasn't built in a day", and there are many reasons for the low writing level of vocational high school students. It is necessary to seek corresponding countermeasures and prescribe the right medicine to get rid of the disease. Our composition should make students realize that completing the composition is the need of their own development. Zankov, a famous educator, put it well: "Once the teaching method touches the emotional and will fields of students and touches the spiritual needs of students, this teaching method can play a highly effective role." Teachers should change their ideas and regard composition teaching as training students' survival skills. We should regard composition teaching as training students' survival skills and combine it with investigation, life, survival and application. Only by putting composition teaching as a survival skill in the first place can we change the present situation of composition in vocational high schools. Our teachers should firmly establish the teaching concept of "writing for the sake of being a man", guide students to pursue the true meaning of being a man through writing, organically combine the process of writing teaching with cultivating students' moral sentiments, sublimating students' ideological realm and improving students' cultural taste, actively guide students' cognitive deviation in writing, and enable students to gradually establish a correct outlook on life, world outlook and values. Let students get writing materials from colorful, healthy and upward life and improve their humanistic quality. Let students be sound people first, and then write healthy articles, so that teaching composition and teaching life can be harmonious and unified.

(1) Guide students to pay attention to society, experience life and exercise their thinking.

Life is a big stage, representing the ups and downs of life. If you can observe carefully, experience carefully and feel sincerely, you can dig out rich resources from it. Composition is life, and life is the source of composition materials.

Family is the most basic unit of society, and the composition of family can not be separated from the love and being loved by family members, and family can best reflect the "sincere feelings" between people. The most trivial thing in family life, "rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar tea" is the best portrayal of family life. If you want to write a good family composition, you must guide students to highlight the personality characteristics of family characters and reveal their thoughts and feelings by describing all kinds of trivial matters in family life.

Students live in school most of the time. Hundreds of thousands of teachers and students in the school, how many activities to carry out from morning till night, how many things happen! The theme of these people and things, whether between teachers and students, between classmates or between teachers, is inseparable from "the growth of students." Therefore, ideals, success, difficulties, setbacks, friendship, teachers' kindness, laughter and curses are everywhere.

Of course, it still takes some time to study some famous articles on how to write articles reflecting school life and write out characteristics and personality. Learn to describe the school environment, reading scenes, extracurricular activities, learn to write teachers, write students' styles and so on.

We should always introduce social hotspots into the classroom, guide students to think deeply about social problems through social hotspots, see the essence through phenomena, enhance students' ideological realm in classroom discussions, and develop good thinking habits. "Family affairs and state affairs, care about everything", read more, listen diligently and speak often. Guiding students to watch TV programs with times and strong thoughts, such as news broadcast, focus interview, legal report, news investigation, man and nature, artistic life, etc., can help students broaden their horizons and activate their thinking. Students can't write a good composition unless they clearly don't listen to things outside the window, pay attention to reality and think about social problems.

"The elders who seek wood must consolidate their roots; Those who want to flow far away will dig their springs. " Ideological content is the "root" and "source" of composition. If any thought is divorced from the times, society and life, it is like water without a source and a tree without a root, and its end is doomed to exhaustion and decline. Chinese teachers in higher vocational colleges should guide students into the living society, pay attention to nature, society and life, pay attention to the fate of mankind, form the habit of thinking, and experience the true meaning of life in real life. Only when students' thoughts collide and hone in the flowing water, the source of real life, can they gradually deepen.

It is necessary to awaken students' life accumulation and emotional experience, or set a certain situation for students to wander among them and let them have something to say. Composition guidance should arouse students' memories of their own lives, arouse their corresponding emotional experiences, and make them have a strong impulse not to spit. Only when you have a rich life and a strong motivation and interest in expression can you write a good composition.

(2) Interactive evaluation, laying a solid foundation and forming skills.

Composition not only needs teachers to carefully review and revise, but also needs students to correct themselves or each other under the guidance of teachers.

In order to know more about students' requirements and suggestions for composition evaluation, I conducted a survey in the form of short answer questions. According to the students' answers, we must pay attention to the following three aspects:

First, we should follow the principle of encouragement. More affirmation, more praise, less criticism and no ridicule. Even if you have to point out some typical problems, you should be sincere and kind. Satire is by no means teaching humor. When commenting, good articles should be praised and read out, and bad articles should not be blamed, otherwise these students will be embarrassed and lose interest in composition and even Chinese. When commenting, we should deeply analyze the shortcomings in the composition and then tell the students how to correct them. We should let students, especially those with poor composition, experience the happiness of success, let them build up confidence in writing a good composition, and turn this happiness and confidence into concrete actions they pursue.

The second is to use more comparative methods. When commenting, you should repeat what you said in the composition guidance, so that students can compare their own articles; The composition should be good or bad, and then one or two model essays should be compared; Take one or two good articles and poor articles as examples, let students express their opinions first, and then the teacher will comment. In other words, we can make a comparison from the following three aspects: comparing exercises with writing requirements, comparing good compositions with poor compositions, and comparing students' compositions with model essays (or excellent compositions), so that students can understand the gap and the direction of efforts in comparison.

The third is to analyze "why" more. According to the actual situation of students' composition, we should do some concrete and in-depth analysis to let students know which is good, where is good, why is good, which is bad, where is bad and why. You don't have to cover everything, but you must accurately and thoroughly grasp this hand and that point and make a reasonable analysis so that students can know not only why, but also why.

(C) extensive reading, rich language, improve taste.

Ye Lao said: "Reading is the basis of writing." The ancients said, "Learn from others, but learn from others." And "reading is like breaking thousands of books, and writing is like being a god". "Reading more" is the basis of improving writing ability and an effective way for students to absorb the essence of human thought and improve their personal character. It is the key to let students clearly choose what kind of reading materials, guide students to resolutely reject books and periodicals with low taste, and read more works with healthy and positive ideological content.

1, study the classics and learn the essence.

Buffon, a French literary critic, once said, "Great works are the echo of great souls." We should let students dabble in literary masterpieces extensively, subtly influence students' minds with a large number of excellent works of art, nourish students with the best spiritual food of mankind, and improve their moral cultivation and aesthetic taste. The ancients said, "Words are literature." Wang Guowei also said: "If there is a realm, it will be a family of its own." Only with a pure and noble mind can we write articles with healthy and profound thoughts.

Organize students to read online, or organize students to read in the library, learn about the writer's life, thoughts, works and related comments, and give students lectures on appreciation of Chinese and foreign famous works regularly to improve their ideological understanding and appreciation level. In addition, every semester, activities such as "masterpiece recommendation", "masterpiece appreciation" or "my favorite book" will be held, so that students can take their favorite books to the podium to recommend them to their classmates, introduce the main contents of the books and tell their enlightenment to life.

2. Selected readings of current articles and life perspectives.

We should always introduce excellent newspapers and periodicals such as Readers, Youth Digest, Selected Works, Reading and Essays into the classroom. Most of these magazines are based on vivid real life and have always been good at profound thoughts and original opinions. For example, when dealing with the topic of "tolerance", students generally only stay at the level of "treating others with tolerance". Guiding students to read "Tolerance is the Measure of Social Progress" published by Southern Weekend will give them a deeper understanding of marginalized groups (such as AIDS patients), single women's fertility problems and young people with flamboyant personality, and have a deeper understanding of "tolerance"; Then guide students to read A maverick pig and Dragon Square, which Wang Xiaobo published in Southern Weekend, so that students can understand that tolerance should not only be confined to the ego, but also rise to the heights of ego, religion, nationality and dissent, so that their thoughts will be deeper and their realm will be higher. Students will be enlightened, divergent and edified for a long time after absorbing such opinions, and their opinions will gradually deepen.

3, supplemented by notes, experience ideas.

Students should be taught how to take notes in different categories and prepare special reading notebooks. There are various ways to take notes: miscellaneous notes, notes while reading, classified notes and systematic notes. All excerpts, abstracts or abbreviations of the content to be transcribed can achieve the purpose of transcription. While taking notes, reciting can't be ignored. We should read and recite the sentences with profound philosophy and life wisdom, internalize them into our own thoughts and apply them to real life or writing. This is a more important accumulation, because the words are familiar to the heart and can be influenced by beauty. When you need a composition, you can come immediately to improve your taste. Lu Ji, a writer in the Jin Dynasty, said in Wen Fu: "What you say is important, and what you use is a warning." Lu Ji has repeatedly told us to express the significance of the article with the words of "warning strategy", and our writing lacks foresight and control ability. At this time, it is a good way to arm yourself with epigrams and decorate yourself appropriately. Well-founded, authoritative and reliable, well-written and eye-catching, borrowing the wisdom of predecessors is a shortcut to writing.

At the same time, students are required to make reading notes in time, write reviews and comments, so that students can get writing exercise in reading; Instruct students to cut and paste short and philosophical articles every week, and then write comments, so that students can deepen their thoughts and improve the taste of articles.

References:

1, edited by zankov, translated by Du Diankun, Teaching and Development, People's Education Press, 1985.

2. Wang Guowei, Words on Earth, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2004.

3. Essays on Chinese Education by Ye Shengtao, Lv Shuxiang and Zhang Zhigong, Ming Kai Publishing House, 1995.

4. Zou Yu: "Make Composition Full of Life", Chinese Teaching Newsletter for Middle Schools, No.3, 2005.

5. Zhou Mingxing and Chen, "On the View of Talents, Teaching and Quality in Vocational Education", Vocational Education Newsletter, No.7, 2005.