Which dynasty was Jia Yi a poet?
Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-25AD)
Jia Yi's works are mainly prose and ci-fu, which are deeply influenced by Zhuangzi and Liezi. The main literary achievements of prose are political essays, commenting on current politics, simple style and vivid discussion. Lu Xun called it "Hong Wen of the Western Han Dynasty", and his masterpieces include On Qin, On Accumulation and Storage, and Chen Zheng's Poems. His Ci and Fu are both in Sao style, and tend to be scattered in form, which is the forerunner of the development of Han Fu, especially Qu Yuan Fu and Fei niao Fu.
Enjoy success when you are young.
In the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu (the first 200 years), Jia Yi was born in Luoyang (the seat of the county government of Henan Province). He is a rare talent, studying under Zhang Cang, a student in Xun Kuang. In the last five years of Han Dynasty (before 183), he was famous for reciting poems, books and articles. Wu Gong, the Henan magistrate, called him to the door and valued him very much. With Jia Yi's assistance, Wu Gong managed Henan County with outstanding achievements and social stability, ranking first in the world.
Emperor Wen of Han acceded to the throne, and when he heard that Henan County was well governed, he was promoted to Tingwei, the secretariat of Henan Province, and Wu Gong was forced to recommend Jia Yi because of the situation. Emperor Wendi recruited Jia Yi and appointed him as a doctor. At that time, Jia Yi was 2 1 year-old, the youngest doctor hired. During his tenure as a doctor, whenever the emperor gave a topic for discussion, Jia Yi often had incisive opinions and answered questions, which won unanimous praise from his peers. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty appreciated it very much and was promoted to Doctor Tai Zhong within one year.
Criticize the current shortcomings
When Jia Yi first became a Chinese medicine practitioner, he began to give advice to Emperor Wendi. In the first year of Emperor Wendi of Han Dynasty, Jia Yi proposed to reform the ritual system. Based on Confucianism and the Five Elements Theory, he designed a whole set of ritual system in Han Dynasty, and advocated "the new moon, the right color, the law and the music" to further replace the Qin system. Because Emperor Wendi had just acceded to the throne at that time and thought that the conditions were not yet ripe, Jia Yi's suggestion was not adopted.
In the second year of Emperor Wendi (BC 178), Jia Yi put forward the economic policy of attaching importance to agriculture and restraining business, and advocated developing agricultural production, strengthening grain storage and preventing famine. Emperor Wen of Han adopted his suggestion and ordered to encourage agricultural production. Politically, Jia Yi proposed taking measures to send Liehou out of Beijing and send him to his fief.
In view of Jia Yi's outstanding talent and outstanding performance, Wendi wanted to promote Jia Yi to public office. Jiang Hou, Zhou Bo, Guan Ying, Hou, Feng Jing and others are all jealous of Jia Yi. They say that Jia Yi is a "beginner, obsessed with power and disorderly affairs". Emperor Wen of Han gradually alienated Jia Yi and stopped taking his advice.
Exile Changsha
In the fourth year of Emperor Wendi (BC 176), Jia Yi was released as Teacher Wang of Changsha. Changsha is located in the south, thousands of miles away from Chang 'an, Beijing Normal University. Jia Yi was demoted from Beijing, traveled long distances across the Xiangjiang River, and wrote Mourning for Qu Yuan to express his resentment. ? When Zhou Bo was arrested and imprisoned, Jia Yi went to work and suggested that Wendi should be polite to his ministers.
Character thinking
In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Confucian scholars Lu Jia and Shu put forward the idea of governing the country with Confucianism on the basis of summing up the lessons of Qin's death, but they did not put it into political practice. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Jia Yi broke through the shackles of Taoism and the study of Huang Lao when Wendi was in power, pushed Confucianism to the political front, and formulated a political blueprint of benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom, which was valued by Wendi and left a far-reaching influence in history.
Jia Yi believes that Qin's death lies in "benevolence and righteousness are not applied". To make the Han dynasty long-term stability, we must be benevolent. At the same time, Jia Yi's view of benevolence and righteousness has a strong people-oriented color. Jia Yi saw the vital role played by the people in the rise and fall of the country from the prosperity and demise of Qin State. Based on this people-oriented thought, Jia Yi believes that the main content of benevolent government is to love the people. "Those who love the people will be attached." Only by benefiting the people and making money with the people can we get the support of the people. The basic content of Jia Yi's political thought is the benevolent political thought of loving the people.
While studying history, Jia Yi also made a detailed study of the social reality of the Han Dynasty. Jia Yi believes that the situation at that time was that various contradictions and upcoming social crises were hidden behind the seemingly calm scene: feudal lords arrogated to themselves the upper position and rebelled against the separatist regime, posing a serious threat to the central government; The whole society is extravagant and contending for the wind, and the social atmosphere is deteriorating. Therefore, in Jia Yi's view, in the face of such a social reality that there is no system in the world, courtesy and righteousness are abandoned, and shame and ugliness are donated, we can't follow the technique of Huang Lao. We must correct the new moon, change the color of clothes, set the official name, and promote rites and music. Therefore, the ideas of "making ceremony", "respecting the humble" and "governing the country with ceremony" advocated by Shu and others have also become an important part of Jia Yi's political thought. Jia Yi put forward a Confucian-style political ruling model for the Han Dynasty through benevolence, courtesy and righteousness, showing kindness to the people, honoring the loyal monarch and loving the people.