Experimental content: This cat is very poor. She (assuming she is a female cat to arouse more pity) is sealed in a secret room with food and poison. There is a hammer on the poison bottle. The hammer is controlled by an electronic switch which is controlled by radioactive atoms. If the nucleus decays, it will release alpha particles, trigger the electronic switch, drop the hammer, smash the poison bottle, release cyanide gas inside, and the female cat will die. This cruel device was designed by Schrodinger, so this cat is called Schrodinger cat.
Schrodinger cat proposed
Original: Schrodinger published a paper in 1935, entitled "The Present Situation of Quantum Mechanics". In the fifth part of the paper, Schrodinger describes the cat experiment, which is often regarded as a nightmare: Copenhagen School says that before measurement, the state of a particle is fuzzy, and it is in a mixed superposition state of various possibilities. For example, when radioactive atoms decay is completely random. As long as there is no observation, it is in the superposition state of decay/non-decay, and only when it is actually measured, a state is randomly selected. So let's put this atom in an opaque box and keep it in this superposition state. Now Schrodinger imagines a precise device with ingenious structure. Every time an atom decays and releases a neutron, it will trigger a series of chain reactions. The final result is to break a poison gas bottle in the box, and there is also a poor cat in the box. The thing is obvious: if the atom decays, the poison gas bottle will be broken and the cat will be poisoned. If atoms don't decay, then cats live well.
Natural inference: when they are all locked in a box, because we have not observed, that atom is in the superposition state of decay/non-decay. Because the state of atoms is uncertain, so is the state of cats. Only when we opened the box and looked at it, did things finally decide: either the cat died in the box or it was alive and kicking and meowing. The question is, what was the state of the cat before we opened the box? It seems that the only possibility is that it is in a superposition state like our atom, and the cat is caught in a dead/alive mixture.
A cat died and lived at the same time? In the superposition of neither dead nor alive? This conflicts with common sense too much, and at the same time, it is also a strange talk from a biological point of view. If a live cat comes out of the box, if it can talk, will it describe the strange feeling of dead/alive superposition? I'm afraid it's unlikely. In other words, Schrodinger put forward the concept of cat to solve the grandmother paradox brought by Einstein's theory of relativity, that is, the theory of parallel universe. Edit this bug in Schrodinger's cat experiment.
According to quantum theory, the nucleus is in the superposition state of decay and non-decay. As long as we don't "measure" it, it will remain in this state, so the cat won't die. Once we "measure" it, it will randomly choose a decaying or non-decaying instantaneous state. So:
Inference 1: according to the probability, if you open the chamber of secrets once and observe it twice, there may be a decay. So the cat died.
Inference 2: Without opening the Chamber of Secrets, the cat will always be in an unknown state.
Zhu believes that "Schrodinger cat" confuses a key concept "observation" and "measurement". "Opening the chamber to observe the cat's state" has nothing to do with "measuring the state of particles" in experimental physics.
In other words, this experiment has one of the most important experimental steps: the measurement of particles. Now this step has been stolen and changed to "open the secret room to see if the cat is dead or alive." In fact, no matter whether the Chamber of Secrets is opened 1 000 times or 10000 times, the particles are not measured1time, so the cat's state will never change (unless it dies of old age or depression).
As long as we look at the following two processes, it is not difficult to find the mistakes:
Connect a with b, and connect b with C. Observation c equals observation a. ..
Connect a with b, and connect b with C. Give A a role and see what happens to C. ..
Obviously, the "Schrodinger cat" experiment secretly cut off "giving A a role" (that is, "measuring particles"), so of course C will not change.
As for inference 2, it is confusing logic. In the experiment, there is only one cause and effect, "If the nucleus decays, it will open the poison gas to poison the cat", and its equivalent should be "As long as the nucleus does not decay, the poison gas will not open and the cat will not be affected". How can you live and die?
Let's accurately describe these two inferences, which should be:
Inference 1: According to the probability, one of the "nuclear measurements" may decay twice. So the cat died.
Inference 2: If "nuclear measurement" is not carried out, the nuclei will remain superimposed and the cat will always be in the initial state (that is, the survival state).
It can be seen that the state of the cat has nothing to do with opening the secret room, and the concept of stealing food is clear at a glance.