Man is the spirit of all things, intelligent, with a particularly developed brain, able to work and make tools. But in the final analysis, people evolved from animals, and from a biological point of view, people are still animals. In Linnaeus's classification system, humans, apes, orangutans and so on. Are all primates. Man, a primate, evolved from Archaeopteryx and is an independent branch of the ape system. Its appearance and development is a long historical process. Key words: ape-man, early Homo sapiens, late Homo sapiens, evolution theory, paleontological fossils, human origin Text: It is generally believed that human beings evolved from one of the ancient apes that appeared on the earth more than 30 million years ago, smaller than modern apes. The so-called "Lamarcosaurus" in archaeology lived about 1 4 million years ago, with a height of just over1m and a weight of about 15-20 kg. The so-called Australopithecus lived about 5 million-/kloc-0 million years ago. We humans evolved from a branch of Australopithecus. About 2-3 million years ago, a branch of Australopithecus broke away from Australopithecus and evolved towards humans. According to the discovery of fossils, the history of human development after leaving the apes is generally divided into three stages: the first stage is the ape-man stage, which began about 2-3 million years ago. At this time, apes will make some rough stone tools with a brain capacity of about 630-700 ml and hunt. There are many fossils of late apes. Yuanmou Man, Lantian Man, Peking Man (Zhoukoudian) discovered in China and Niche Man discovered in Tanzania are all representative fossils of this period. At this time, the ape-man is very close to modern people, and the stone tools made are also diverse. There are shredding devices for hunting and cutting animal bones, as well as scrapers for peeling and cutting animal meat. The most progressive thing is that the ape-man at this time already knew how to use fire and how to keep it for a long time. It is generally believed that the ape-man stage ended about 300 thousand years ago. The second stage is Homo erectus, or early Homo sapiens. Homo erectus first appeared in Africa about 200 thousand to 2 million years ago, the so-called late ape-man He knew how to use fire and began to use symbols and basic languages. Homo erectus could use more exquisite tools, called asheli. There is evidence that homo erectus and strong man appeared in Africa at the same time. Ergaster (1.7 million years ago) is the earliest representative of African Homo erectus, and it is this African group that spread from Africa to Asia some time before 1.9 million years ago. About 6.5438 million years ago, with the arrival of the Ice Age, Africa began to grassland, and Homo erectus had to start to migrate and expand to all parts of the world, distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa (Heidelberg, Guawa ape-man and Peking ape-man all belonged to Homo erectus). Fossils closest to Homo erectus (about 6.5438+0 million years ago) found in Africa have shown a trend of approaching Homo sapiens. The third stage is the newcomer stage, also known as the late Homo sapiens stage. Since about 50,000 years ago, the fossils of new humans have almost no difference in posture from modern people. The stone tools they made are quite exquisite and varied in shape. All kinds of stone tools have been divided in use, and bone tools and horn tools have appeared. The new people even made decorations and carried out artistic activities such as painting and sculpture. About 10,000 years ago, grinded stone tools appeared. Newcomers are also called Krumanou people, because in 1868, five skeletons were found in caves in the Krumanou region of southwest France. These skeletons are difficult to distinguish from modern people, but they are taller than modern people. According to analysis, it lived about 3 10000-40000 years ago and is considered as a fossil representative of new human beings. The fossils of Liujiang man (Guangxi) and Neanderthal man (Beijing) found in China also belong to the representative of this period. Since then, mankind has entered the development stage of modern people. It is undeniable that many scientists have made great efforts to improve this evolutionary system. Moreover, many sociologists, especially some philosophers, have also made many contributions in the process of maintaining the theory of biological evolution. Thanks to the efforts of these outstanding figures, the theory of biological evolution has become one of the unshakable theories in the world today.