In the process of using a car, it is inevitable that it will break down. For experienced old drivers, the problem can be found in one step. And most people are often helpless in the face of failure. Now learn to find faults by yourself. Vehicle faults can be roughly divided into three parts: first, circuit faults; Second, oil circuit failure; The third is the failure of the driving system, such as steering, braking and transmission. Among them, circuit faults are divided into high voltage circuit and low voltage circuit faults. In actual use, about 60% of vehicle failures are circuit failures, and 30% are in oil circuits. Most of these faults can be eliminated by themselves. Only about 10% is a drive system fault, which belongs to mechanical fault. Most vehicles can still run when they happen, so they should go to the nearest special maintenance station for maintenance. There is something wrong with driving. First, don't worry. Second, don't be busy. First look at the reflection of the fault indicator light. Calm down, analyze the phenomenon of failure and ask why? There are two ways to judge and distinguish oil circuit faults: one is sudden flameout or slow flameout during driving, and the sudden flameout is mostly a circuit fault; Slow flameout, or continuous "jerking" of vehicles, are mostly oil circuit failures. The second is "fire test". If there is no central high pressure fire or cylinder fire, it is a circuit fault. If there is a high-pressure fire, the problem lies in the oil circuit. However, mechanical faults are often accompanied by abnormal noise, which changes with vehicle speed and disappears when stopping, and has no direct relationship with oil circuit faults. Use the method of "gradual negation" to lock the "focus" in a specific place, first find out what kind of fault it belongs to, and then check whether the outside is abnormal. Such as whether the wire is open or short-circuited, and whether the connection part is loose; Whether the engine smells of burnt wires, whether the oil pipe leaks oil, etc. It is worth reminding that most new cars are "EFI" cars, which are electronically controlled and have fewer failures, which is just the opposite of the failure probability of old carburetor cars. It should be remembered that if the circuit of the EFI car fails, it often needs a special computer detector to detect it. Drivers should not do it themselves to avoid damaging the circuit program. Cleaning up carbon deposits is very important. Analysis of prevention skills of automobile carbon deposition 1. Impurities in gasoline using clean gasoline are the main components of carbon deposition, so the trend of carbon deposition in gasoline with high cleanliness is weak. However, it should be noted that high label does not mean high quality, and label only represents octane number of oil, not quality and cleanliness. In order to ensure the cleanliness of gasoline, some car owners will adopt the practice of adding gasoline detergent to gasoline. This can effectively prevent the formation of carbon layer on metal surface, and gradually activate the original carbon particles and slowly remove them, thus protecting the engine from damage. However, the addition of gasoline detergent must be cautious. If counterfeit and shoddy products are added, it will have the opposite effect. 2. Don't idle for a long time. If the idle time is long, the time required for the engine to reach normal temperature will become longer, and the gasoline will slowly evaporate after being sprayed on the back of the valve, and carbon deposition will also occur. At the same time, often idling, the air flow into the engine is also small, so the scouring effect on carbon deposits becomes weak, which will promote the deposition of carbon deposits. 3. Pay attention to the timing of flameout. For cars with turbochargers, don't turn off the engine immediately after driving at high speed or climbing hills, and turn off the engine after idling for 10 minutes. The speed of carbon deposition in cars equipped with turbochargers is several times faster than that in ordinary naturally aspirated cars. It is suggested that car owners should clean the air intake system without disassembly every 20,000 ~ 40,000 kilometers under the condition of meeting routine maintenance, that is, without disassembling the engine, they should clean the air intake, valve, oil circuit and other parts of the vehicle that are prone to carbon deposition with special equipment and special methods. The financial turmoil has continuously affected China's real economy, and the automobile industry has also been hit hard. However, in February and June, 2008, Suzhou Jinlong received more than 200 million yuan of bus (and some buses) orders, which painted a bright color for the bus market at the end of the year. Why did Suzhou Jinlong build a bus product with high quality and excellent service? Li Jiang, Chief Designer of Bus: Li Jiang, Assistant Director of Suzhou Jinlong Technology Center and Chief Designer of Haige Bus, told the author that the bus, as a bus product, is very different from the seat car, mainly in the following aspects: First, the use environment is different. Buses mainly travel in urban areas, which are characterized by low speed, frequent parking and braking, and serious overload. The second is the difference in configuration, which requires high reliability of braking and clutch system, bearing capacity of chassis and strength of body frame. The third is the difference of customer groups, such as many orders, large quantities, many changes in use requirements and configuration requirements, and higher requirements for vehicle maintenance. In view of the above characteristics, Haig Bus adhered to the principle of customer-centered at the beginning of its development, and made great efforts in humanized design, quality and product adaptability. Li Jiang said that when a customer orders a car, Hagrid's technical designers will ask the customer about the actual operation and form a questionnaire, so as to match the car according to the customer's actual use and achieve the best matching performance and fuel economy. The designer also made a careful analysis of bus chassis matching, fuel consumption, overhaul mileage and monthly maintenance cost through the investigation of many domestic bus companies, and optimized or improved the technology and technology in a targeted manner to reduce the maintenance cost of users in the operation process.