Investigation is one of the most commonly used methods in scientific research. It is a purposeful, planned and systematic method to collect materials about the actual situation or historical situation of the research object.

Investigation is a basic research method commonly used in scientific research. It comprehensively uses historical methods, observation methods and scientific methods, such as talks, questionnaires, case studies, tests, etc., to have a planned, thorough and systematic understanding of educational phenomena, and to analyze, synthesize, compare and summarize a large number of data collected through investigation, thus providing people with regular knowledge.

Second, the observation method

Observation method refers to a method in which researchers use their own senses and auxiliary tools to directly observe the research object according to a certain research purpose, research outline or observation table, so as to obtain information.

Scientific observation is purposeful, planned, systematic and repeatable. In scientific experiments and investigations, observation has the following functions: expanding people's perceptual knowledge; Inspire people's thinking; Bring new discoveries.

Third, experimental methods

Experimental method is a scientific research method to discover and confirm the causal relationship between things by changing the main branch and controlling the research object. Its main characteristics are: first, initiative and innovation. Observation and investigation is to understand the research object and find out the problems without disturbing the research object.

However, experiments need to actively manipulate experimental conditions, artificially change the existing mode and changing process of objects, and make them obey the needs of scientific understanding.

Second, control. Scientific experiments require that according to the needs of research, with the help of various methods and technologies, the interference of various irrelevant factors that may affect science can be reduced or eliminated, so that the research object can be understood in a simplified and purified state. Third, causality. Experiment is an effective tool and necessary way to discover and confirm the causal relationship between things.

Fourth, literature research method (literature retrieval method)

Literature research method is a method to obtain information by investigating literature according to certain research purposes or topics, so as to comprehensively and correctly understand and master the problems to be studied. Literature research methods are widely used in various disciplines.

Its functions are: to understand the history and present situation of related problems and help to determine the research topic; Can form a general impression on the research object, which is helpful for observation and visit; Can obtain the comparison data with the actual data; This helps to understand the whole picture.

An Empirical Research Method of verb (abbreviation of verb)

Empirical research method is a special form of scientific practice research. According to the needs of the existing scientific theory and practice, it puts forward the design, uses scientific instruments and equipment, observes, records and measures the changes of accompanying phenomena, and manipulates purposefully and step by step under natural conditions to determine the causal relationship between conditions and phenomena. The main purpose is to explain the relationship between various independent variables and a dependent variable.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Research Methods