The concept, characteristics and connotation of eco-tourism were summarized. Taking Dashiwei Tiankeng scenic spot as an example, the basic elements and existing problems of eco-tourism scenic spot planning were analyzed, the ways of eco-tourism resources protection and development were expounded, and the countermeasures for sustainable development of eco-tourism were put forward, so as to provide references for the construction and development of eco-tourism.
Keywords: eco-tourism scenic spot planning, resource protection, development, sustainable development
order
Since the 20th century, with the rapid development of the world economy, it has brought serious environmental pollution and ecological destruction, and human beings are facing the crisis of living environment, and a green wave of protecting their living environment has emerged around the world. While people hate urban noise and environmental pollution, they are more inclined to go to nature and blend in with it, leaving tourism, study, education and rest in nature. Therefore, eco-tourism with the theme of "returning to nature" came into being. In XX, the World Tourism Organization clearly pointed out that eco-tourism is one of the key measures for the sustainable development of tourism, and eco-tourism has become the development direction of world tourism in this century.
Leye county Dashiwei Tiankeng scenic spot is a typical example of developing eco-tourism. Located in the northwest of Guangxi and at the southeast foot of Yunnan-Guizhou, the scenic spot is known as "Tiankeng Capital of the World" and "Tiankeng Museum of the World", which integrates "International Karst Cave Exploration Base", "National Forest Park", "National Geological Park" and "China Youth Science Exploration Base". After a comprehensive scientific investigation by Professor Zhu of China Institute of Karst Geology, it is concluded that the tourist attractions of Dashiwei Tiankeng Group in Baise were officially launched on XX, and the six scenic spots of Dashiwei Tiankeng, Buliuhe, Luomei Lotus Cave, Tiankeng National Forest Park in East Sichuan and Huomai Ecological Culture Village were completed and opened at the same time. After a short period of construction and development, the advantages of Dashiwei Tiankeng Group, as the "three poles" of Guangxi's tourism industry, began to stand out, the tourist reception conditions became more and more mature, the number of tourists poured in, and the popularity increased day by day, mainly due to scientific and reasonable planning.
Eco-tourism scenic spot planning
Concept and characteristics of ecotourism
Ceballos-lascuráin, special adviser of IUCN, first put forward the term "ecotourism". It was not until the end of the century that the concept of ecotourism began to be introduced into China. Some scholars believe that eco-tourism is a tourism activity that guides the general public to understand and appreciate natural and cultural heritage, ensures that tourist areas are not damaged and polluted, and enables tourism to develop continuously. Detailed division, ecotourism can be divided into broad sense and narrow sense:
The broad concept-all tourism activities that pay attention to the relationship between people and the environment, do not destroy and pollute the environment, and ensure the sustainable development of tourist areas are collectively called eco-tourism.
Narrow concept-tourism activities in which people go to nature to know, enjoy and protect nature, receive environmental education and raise environmental awareness.
Eco-tourism has unique characteristics that other traditional tourism does not have. First, tourists have high taste and average cultural quality, and they can gain natural and humanistic knowledge by watching natural and humanistic landscapes; Second, it is well planned. Generally, after the feasibility demonstration of the ecological environment, tour operators conduct purposeful tours under the guidance of scientific planning in order to acquire natural knowledge and explore the mysteries of natural ecology. Third, it emphasizes nature. Both tourists and tour operators emphasize natural quality, and tourism activities focus on natural ecological quality. The required tourist facilities are simple, and the investment cost of infrastructure is very low, which is only about/of that of traditional tourism. Fourthly, it is a pollution-free, non-destructive and ecologically safe way to visit by paying attention to environmental protection and using environmental resources without loss.
The significance of scenic spot planning
Planning is a reasonable organization and arrangement of future affairs. It should be said that tourism activities were not planned at the beginning. With the development of human history and the improvement of social and economic conditions, tourism develops with each passing day. After decades of development, China's tourism development has expanded from cities to rural areas, and the idea of tourism demand planning has begun to be accepted by more people, and the preparation of tourism planning has also begun to develop in depth in theory and practice. ,
Planning of Eco-tourism Scenic Spots and Ways of Resources Protection and Development
The object of scenic spot planning ranges from simple elements in the system to the whole complex system, and the planning method has gradually developed from a single aesthetic form planning method to the combination of resource orientation, market orientation and product orientation, and the comprehensive participation of form planning method, economic theory, environmental method and mathematical model method. It not only adjusts according to resources and market, but also pays full attention to the ecological environment and social response. It has become a remarkable method to apply the idea of system science and sustainable development to guide the planning of tourist attractions.
The planning of eco-tourism scenic spots should include the following basic elements
.. tourism resources
Scenic spot planning is based on tourism resources. Eco-tourism, known as "Sunshine Project", has become the most dynamic and potential emerging industry in China's tourism development. With the diversification of human value orientation and consumption consciousness and the popularity of personalized consumption, tourism resources are diversified, and land, sea and air are everywhere. Developing eco-tourism by taking advantage of its own resources has become a "catalyst" to activate the local social economy. Even the poor rural areas, which were considered as "backwoods" in some periods, have become popular holiday resorts for urban residents by virtue of their relatively good ecological resources, such as Huomai Ecological Culture Village in leye county. Tourism resources are the core of tourism products, so it is necessary to choose meaningful areas, valuable natural areas and areas with special biological, ecological or humanistic values for tourism.
.. the integration of industries.
Inter-industry integration not only includes the integration of tourism and directly related service planning such as transportation, communication and commerce, but also emphasizes the improvement of the correlation between tourism and local traditional primary and secondary industries. Although the establishment of industrial chain is the knowledge of tourism, the development of tourism will also play a related role in driving traditional industries because of its multiplier effect. However, in tourism planning, tourism is often talked about, and more attention is paid to the internal relations of industries directly related to tourism, while few specific measures are discussed to promote the upgrading of local traditional industries and improve the socio-economic conditions of local residents through tourism development, and there is a lack of organizational planning for the integration of tourism and local social economy. Eco-tourism planning must fully reflect industrial integration, meet the interests of tourists, suppliers and residents of tourist destinations, and be more in line with strategic goals such as a well-off society and a harmonious society. It should be conducive to the production and life of local people and the development of local economy. In the 11th Five-Year Plan, Leye County put forward "stable agriculture, rich industry, prosperous science and technology and strong tourism", and listed "strong tourism" and developing eco-tourism as the top priorities to promote local social and economic development and strengthen the county and enrich the people, and comprehensively adopted unified planning and integration by departments such as roads, transportation, urban construction and tourism. After several years of practice, it has been proved that the integration between industries is successful.
.. regional cooperation
To develop tourism, we should establish the idea of big region, strengthen regional cooperation in tourism, and design and develop tourism products with the characteristics of tourism resources rather than administrative divisions as the background. This can not only avoid the low-level development of tourism, but also maintain the integrity of resources and avoid the diversion or even mutual loss of tourists caused by similar competition. Although it is difficult to break through administrative regions and plan with resource characteristics, it has become a direction of tourism planning and development to strengthen complementary advantages through regional coordination. At the beginning of the development, the tourist attractions of Dashiwei Tiankeng Group consciously strengthened the horizontal connection with the surrounding tourist attractions such as Buluotuozhuang Cultural Site in Tian Yang, Tongling Grand Canyon in Jingxi, Heiyizhuang in Napo, Nanling Cave in Lingyun, Chashan Pyramid and Bicheng Lake in Baise through tourism organizations and departments. After XX officially listed Baise as a national "red tourism" area, this connection became closer.
.. the balance between protection and development.
Planning should be conducive to the protection of tourist attractions, which is its starting point and destination. Excessive protection affects the operation of tourism and is not conducive to improving the social and economic development of the region; If there is too much development, the ecological environment will be easily unbalanced and the tourism resources will face extinction. Therefore, we must find their balance point and take the road of "protection-development-development-protection" in a virtuous circle of ecology and economy. We should pay full attention to the future situation of tourism resources and environment, correctly analyze the future development trend of each subsystem of tourist attractions, actively plan and make long-term plans. Scenic spot planning should not only focus on meeting the needs of tourists, but also promote the improvement of local cultural and economic level through the development of tourism. Many tourists who have been to Dashiwei Tiankeng Scenic Area are more or less sorry, because they can only overlook the Tiankeng and can't go down to the bottom to find out the truth and uncover mystery tour. Some relevant departments and personnel have actively proposed to build underground tunnels or elevators in Dashiwei tiankeng to provide access for tourists. Experts and scholars immediately denied this, thinking that under the existing conditions, this development is far more destructive than the original ecological environment, and the status quo and balance should be maintained. ,
Planning of Eco-tourism Scenic Spots and Ways of Resources Protection and Development
.. the relationship between independent development and supporting development.
Eco-tourism in leye county is a big system, and each scenic spot subsystem is an organic part of this big system. Therefore, the development of any subsystem can only be used as a supporting construction of the whole scenic spot. Especially in leye county Dashiwei Tiankeng Group tourist attractions, the infrastructure construction of scenic spots such as Buliuhe and Huangyidong Tiankeng is still quite backward, the location advantage is not obvious, and the overall tourism climate is not mature. Planners are also fully aware that the development of these eco-tourism scenic spots should be regarded as a part of supporting the development of Le Ye's tourism industry, and should be placed in the position of supporting development (development) and independent development (development).
.. tourism market
Tourist source is the value of scenic spot planning. Without tourists, there is no planning and planning is meaningless. We should make a good plan from the aspects of developing various tourism markets and expanding the scope of market attraction of tourism products.
.. planning the diversification of organizational departments.
Tourism involves many regions and industries, and the planning organization structure should also be diversified. The main lead unit should organize multiple planning departments to complete it together, and give full play to the optimal combination and complementary advantages of science and technology, society, economy, culture, ecology and folklore. From the planning to the official opening, Dashiwei Tiankeng Group Scenic Spot benefited from the joint efforts of the district committee and government, down to Baise and leye county. At the beginning of the decision to develop Dashiwei Tiankeng Group, the autonomous region decided that Ms. Yuan Fenglan, vice chairman of the region, would take the lead in planning.
.. social welfare
The purpose of planning and management is to gain benefits. Of course, operators are the first to benefit directly. The planning of tourist attractions in China has developed from urban to rural, from metropolis to small towns. More and more regions regard tourism as an effective way to stimulate regional economic growth and increase residents' income, especially for those regions with relative advantages in resources but lagging social and economic development, the economic goal is still the primary goal of formulating tourism planning and developing tourism. Under this background, the planning of leye county Dashiwei Tiankeng Group tourist attractions must be based on the actual situation of local society, environment and economy, closely linked with the overall strategy of regional social development, so that the development of tourism can effectively enhance the local development capacity, stimulate regional economic growth on the basis of ensuring the sustainable ecological environment, increase local people's income and employment opportunities, and thus improve public awareness of environmental protection and scientific and cultural knowledge.
Problems needing attention in the planning of tourist attractions
.. investigation and evaluation.
The planning of ecotourism scenic spots must carry out preliminary work such as resource investigation and evaluation. Without investigation and evaluation, there is no planning. Tourism is a regional industry, and the development of eco-tourism depends to a great extent on natural geographical conditions such as resources, climate, traffic location and the level of regional socio-economic development, and needs the strong support of regional socio-economic system. It is necessary to seriously investigate the local economic structure, social culture and ecological environment, and thoroughly study the relationship between local tourism and regional economic and social development. At the same time, respect the integrity of resources, deepen regional cooperation, and rationally allocate and make full use of tourism resources in terms of planned regional scope and promotion market. The resource investigation and evaluation of Dashiwei Tiankeng Group scenic spot has always been the primary work of the whole scenic spot planning. Before the formal planning, scholars at home and abroad, headed by Zhu, conducted comprehensive scientific research and demonstration on the tourism resources of Dashiwei Tiankeng Group for many times, and successively discovered many advantageous natural tourism resources, such as the distribution number of Tiankeng in the world, the comprehensive appreciation value of Dashiwei Tiankeng in the world, the Xianren Bridge of Buliu River in the world, the scale of Bailang underground river system in the world, and the single basin area of Luomeilian Basin in the world. To provide reference for future planning, development and positioning. It can be said that this has played a vital role in the planning and development of the whole tourist attraction. ,
Planning of Eco-tourism Scenic Spots and Ways of Resources Protection and Development
.. break through the limitations, unified guidance.
Judging from the existing tourism planning institutions in China, they belong to all walks of life and are different. Different industries and professional backgrounds make the planning of tourist attractions have different emphases. If there is a key point, there is a key point, and if there is eccentricity, there is a short board. Therefore, when planning, we must unify the orientation and development direction and goals. For example, when planning tourist attractions, it is necessary to strengthen the research on guiding special planning, guide the development of local primary, secondary and tertiary industries by formulating tourist attractions planning, especially for some backward areas with certain characteristics of tourist resources but still in the primary stage of economic development, integrate local resources through the planning of tourist attractions, and organically combine tourism with local agricultural development through carrying out tourism projects such as "farmhouse music" and agricultural sightseeing under the guidance of the government. Since XX, the organization department of Leye County has organized the "farmhouse class" training activities to train, standardize and guide the contents of tourism projects such as "farmhouse music" and "agricultural sightseeing tour". At present, leye county Huomai Ecological Culture Village has two Guangxi agricultural tourism demonstration sites, namely "Nongjiale" and "Tan Jia Villa".
.. integrate space and prosper together.
In tourism development, tourism planning based on administrative regions often destroys the integrity of tourism resources and causes competition among similar tourist areas. However, if the relevant regions and departments can achieve coordination and cooperation on the basis of resource sharing and benefit sharing, they can maintain the integrity of this resource feature, promote each other and share prosperity. Therefore, the planning of eco-tourism scenic spots should strengthen spatial integration, and through regional cooperation, the competitive relationship of tourist destinations should be transformed into mutually reinforcing and complementary relationships, which is conducive to promoting the sustainable development of all related tourist areas.
Of course, the spatial integration of tourism planning is not only about sex, but also about characteristics. On the contrary, sex and identity must exist. Tourism resources between regions have certain characteristics, so there is a basis for integration; Similarly, only if the tourism resources in different regions have their own characteristics different from those in other regions, it is possible to stimulate tourists' tourism motivation and realize the complementary advantages of resources, the enjoyment of tourists and the common development of relevant tourist areas.
Ways to protect and develop tourism resources
The concept of ecotourism resources
The term "eco-tourism resources" appeared with the development of eco-tourism activities. It is not only the object of attracting tourists to return to nature with ecological beauty, but also the material basis of developing eco-tourism. Eco-tourism resources are the general name of ecological materials that take natural ecological landscape and humanistic ecological landscape as attractions and meet the ecological experience of eco-tourists. Yang Guihua believes that eco-tourism resources refer to the objects that attract tourists to carry out eco-tourism activities with ecological beauty, which can produce sustainable comprehensive benefits of eco-tourism under the premise of protection. Its connotation includes four basic points: attraction function, interest function, object attribute and protection need.
Ways to protect eco-tourism resources
Protection and development is an indispensable part in the planning of eco-tourism scenic spots. However, the market economy itself is incompatible with the sustainable development of ecotourism. In the planning and operation of ecotourism, protection and development are a pair of contradictory aspects at the same time. If you are not careful, development will turn into destruction. XX experts visited Dashiwei Tiankeng Group and found a large number of marine animal fossils. These creatures appeared on the cliff next to the first road leading to Dashiwei Tiankeng Scenic Area, becoming a unique "fossil corridor". They were also surprised to find that the stones used for paving the road were all excavated paleontological fossils, which became an out-and-out "fossil road". After further investigation, scientists in China confirmed that this is a fossil road. How to solve and coordinate the contradiction between protection and development, not only ensure the sustained and healthy development of economy, but also improve the protection and construction of ecological environment, and realize the harmonious development of economy and ecology, man and environment, is an urgent problem for scenic spot planners. At present, more and more countries and regions attach great importance to the protection and development of ecotourism scenic spot planning, and formulate corresponding laws and policies to standardize scenic spot planning. This paper holds that the development of eco-tourism is one of the best models to establish the combination of resource protection and development and utilization. Any planning of leye county Dashiwei Tiankeng Scenic Area should be unified in planning and development, and should be protected during development. The purpose of doing this is to develop all their cultural, historical and natural heritage, develop tourism, promote economic development and improve the living standards of local residents without destroying the ecological environment. ,
Planning of Eco-tourism Scenic Spots and Ways of Resources Protection and Development
The unspoiled nature can ensure the sustainability of resources, but it cannot bring economic prosperity. Therefore, only adopting scientific management methods to protect and develop the ecological environment is the only way to achieve ecological and economic benefits.
First of all, the development and management of scenic spots. The key to the protection of ecotourism resources lies in planning. Improper planning will lead to various problems of resource destruction and environmental pollution. When planning eco-tourism scenic spots, we should first adhere to the principles of sustainable development and market orientation, correctly grasp the depth and properly use it in specific operations. This must be based on tourism resources, guided by tourism market and aimed at sustainable development.
The management of ecotourism is also a key issue. Many eco-tourism areas in China, especially nature reserves, have a low level of ecological protection awareness, facility construction and management. Due to the tourist season and the concentration of scenic spots (districts), some protected areas are overcrowded. Coupled with the short-sighted behavior of some scenic spot managers, driven by temporary economic interests, in the name of eco-tourism, artificial landscapes are built in the natural landscape, and roads are built in the core area of nature reserves, which destroys the environment of scenic spots. It is reported that% of the 20 nature reserves above the provincial level in China have been damaged by ecotourism, and% of the tourism resources have been degraded. Strengthening the management of eco-tourism scenic spots can gradually solve these problems.
Secondly, pay attention to the management of tourists. Eco-tourism is not only a tourism model, but also a management model. The academic circles believe that eco-tourists should have at least two characteristics: the motivation of eco-tourists is to enjoy, know, understand and get close to nature; Eco-tourists must bear certain environmental responsibility. At present, many people don't know enough about this, littering, doodling and trampling in scenic spots. With practice, we believe that more and more people will realize the true significance of eco-tourism and resource protection. At present, considering the protection of tourist resources in scenic spots and the capacity limitation of the resources themselves, some scenic spots such as Jiuzhaigou have clearly proposed to control the number of tourists and reduce the opening hours. Dashiwei Tiankeng Group Scenic Area proposed that "nothing should be left except footprints; Don't take anything away except impressions, and publicize and protect ecological resources for tourists.
Finally, attach importance to the important role of tour guides. Tour guide is an important role in the process of tourism, which can actively and directly regulate and guide tourists' behaviors and activities. The quality of tour guides in leye county scenic spots is also a weak link in ecotourism management. Many tour guides have not received professional training. Some tour guides can't explain the formation of geological landforms, the distribution of animals and plants and the significance of ecological resources protection to tourists except making natural phenomena into magical and bizarre legends, and can't make tourists understand nature and enhance their awareness of environmental protection. Strengthening the quality training of tour guides can provide a better publicity window for the protection of eco-tourism resources in leye county.
Basic approaches to the development of ecotourism resources
.. circular economy and ecological engineering.
In some areas, the current eco-tourism development, in addition to the introduction of products, the overall system of eco-tourism features are not prominent, giving people the impression that eco-tourism is just a signboard. The reason is that on the one hand, the development of eco-tourism lacks strategic height, on the other hand, the development of eco-tourism needs the right way. The state attaches great importance to rejuvenating the country through science and education, developing circular economy and the leading role of science and technology in the process of economic and social development. Therefore, to ensure the realization of the strategic goal of eco-tourism, the basic ways are circular economy and ecological engineering.
Tourism is a kind of consumption behavior, and the traditional six elements of "eating, living, traveling, traveling, shopping and entertainment" are closely related to energy consumption and resource consumption. Circular economy is an economic growth mode with efficient utilization and recycling of resources as the core, the principle of "reduction, reuse and recycling" and the basic characteristics of low consumption, low emission and high efficiency, which conforms to the concept of sustainable development and is a fundamental change to the traditional growth mode of "mass production, mass consumption and mass abandonment". Developing eco-tourism is not to restrict tourists' consumption, but to advocate the concept of ecological protection, advocate reasonable consumption, and consciously pay attention to environmental protection in the process of consumption; In social consumption, we should vigorously promote green consumption. Establish the concept of sustainable consumption and advocate a healthy and civilized lifestyle and consumption pattern that is conducive to saving resources and protecting the environment; Encourage the use of green products, such as low-energy labeling products, energy-saving and water-saving certification products and environmental labeling products; Resist the waste of resources such as excessive packaging; Government agencies should play a leading role; Energy saving, water saving, material saving, grain saving, garbage sorting and recycling, and reducing the use of disposable goods have gradually become the conscious actions of every citizen. ,
Planning of Eco-tourism Scenic Spots and Ways of Resources Protection and Development
At the same time, through the use of scientific and technological means and ecological engineering methods, the "reduction, reuse and recycling" of waste can be realized. Actively promote the utilization of clean energy, the development of energy-saving facilities, the implementation of green hotel standards, the sewage treatment of hotels and scenic spots, the adoption of sewage reuse technology, the construction of ecological trails, the construction of waterless ecological toilets, the protection of natural rivers, the control of air pollution in scenic spots, the vegetation restoration in tourist areas and the implementation of wildlife protection engineering technology. On the basis of traditional tourism, an eco-tourism system with coordinated structure and function, optimized system and benign operation is designed by using ecological principles. Therefore, the development of eco-tourism should be supported by science and technology, strengthen the development of circular economy, make use of the matching utilization of ecological engineering design resources, promote the harmonious beauty of tourism activities, minimize the impact of tourism development on the environment, realize the strategic goal of regional development, and promote the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
.. to further develop and innovate products.
The core problem of planning is to form a distinctive product system, insist on in-depth analysis of the characteristics of tourism resources, study the psychological characteristics, value orientation and consumption level of tourists through a large-scale questionnaire survey, and consider the opinions and participation of residents in the development zone. Judging from the current specific situation, the tourist areas rich in tourism resources are very limited, and most of them are non-optimal areas. Therefore, it is necessary to give full play to the creativity of planners and develop tourism resources in depth: First, tap unconventional resources and make full and reasonable use of various beneficial factors in their environment, such as air quality, surface water quality, radiation dose level, air bacteria content, air negative ion concentration, plant essence content and so on. Second, cultural excavation, deep processing of cultural phenomena in this region. Third, the project is renovated and expanded reasonably in line with popular products on the market. Huangyidong Tiankeng National Forest Park is unique. It "moved" rock climbing and downhill into the sinkhole, established the world sinkhole rock climbing and downhill base, and opened up three national rock climbing routes and four high-speed downhill routes.
Countermeasures for Sustainable Development of Ecotourism
History and concept of sustainable development
Human survival is inseparable from the environment, and the space for human survival and development depends on the provision of the environment. In the 20th century, with the rapid development of science and technology, human beings blindly and proudly shouted the slogan of "conquering nature". Just when human beings are complacent about their abilities, a series of harsh realities, such as natural disasters and environmental pollution, have to arouse people's thinking-people and nature must live in harmony in order to achieve sustainable development. In order to seek a long-term development model of sustainable environment and natural resources and coordinated ecology and economy, the World Council for Environment and Development (wecd) published the article ourcommontfuture. The research report points out that sustainable development is "a development that not only meets the needs of contemporary people, but also does not endanger the needs of future generations". The International Ecological Union and the International Union of Biological Sciences jointly held a seminar on sustainable development, which completely defined sustainable development as "actively adjusting the complex natural-social-economic system so that human beings can promote economic development, maintain sustainable resources and improve the quality of life without exceeding the carrying capacity of resources and environment". Vancouver, Canada held a global sustainable tourism conference, which clearly defined the sustainable development of tourism as "guiding all resource management to meet economic, social and aesthetic needs, while maintaining cultural integrity, basic ecological processes, biodiversity and life support systems".
Countermeasures for Sustainable Development of Ecotourism
In the past, in the tourism planning dominated by landscape aesthetics, industry and economics, the scale of tourism and the economic benefits of tourism operators have greatly increased, but a series of resources, environment, ecology and social problems have puzzled people about the tourism industry. As a sustainable tourism activity, the development and construction of eco-tourism has increasingly become an effective way for many countries to achieve social and economic sustainable development and improve the environment. ,
Planning of Eco-tourism Scenic Spots and Ways of Resources Protection and Development
Planning is for development, and protection is for development. In order to make tourism prosperous and resources sustainable, we must take the road of "protection-development-development-protection" based on tourism resources, guided by tourism market and aimed at sustainable development, attach importance to the position of ecological resources protection in scenic spot planning, ensure the balance between protection and development, and change the goal of tourism planning from simply pursuing aesthetic feeling and economic benefits to seeking the coordination of various interests such as economy, resources, environment and social culture.
conclusion
With the vigorous development of tourism in China, tourism planning has mushroomed. However, there are also many problems in the planning craze, such as the lack of characteristics of planning itself, limited by local conditions and poor feasibility. This paper holds that although tourism has developed from resource-oriented and product-oriented to market-oriented and consumption-oriented, and more and more attention has been paid to the interests of tourists, it cannot be ignored that tourism has become a breakthrough for many local governments to find new economic growth points and develop regional economy in the new period. Eco-tourism is a large system, and its sustainable development is a complex systematic project, involving nature, culture, society, economy and many other aspects. It is often difficult to achieve the expected goal by using only one means. Therefore, the planning of tourist attractions must systematically integrate various local factors, not only to ensure the sustainability of tourism resources, but also to promote the development of other industries through the implementation of tourism planning, so as to improve residents' ecological and cultural awareness and economic welfare level, rather than simply talking about tourism. ,