Descartes' methodology summarizes four principles for studying and solving problems:
First of all, never accept a thing until you know it is true. Don't make any other judgments.
Second, on the premise that the problem allows, divide the whole problem into several parts as much as possible, which is convenient for solving (breaking it into parts).
Third, the subdivision of these problems is sorted according to the degree from simple to complex, and gradually from simple to the knowledge of the most complex things (easy first, then difficult).
Article 4: Thoroughly check whether the system formed by the sub-departments is complete and whether there are any omissions.
When we are writing a paper, many people don't know how to start. Generally speaking, they will not consider the second and third principles. "Writing a thesis" is all the problems to be studied and solved. Usually, big questions are broad and vague, so it is difficult to practice. But if you break it down, the difficulty will be very different.
For example, graduation thesis, the first wave of decomposition: title, abstract, introduction (introduction), theoretical basis, result discussion, conclusion and prospect, references. Note that the second one is to decompose as much as possible when allowed, and we can further decompose it.
How to write the title? Some problems are given by teachers, so there is no such problem to be solved. If you decide your own topic, as the crowning touch, the rigorous topic should generally explain: (1) What theoretical research methods are mainly based on;
(2) What is the research object; (3) The main purpose of the study. For example, the electronic properties of WSe2 monolayer valley are studied based on first principles. Here explains the first point "based on the first principle"; The second point is "WSe2 single layer" and the third point is "valley electricity property". Therefore, after such decomposition, it is only necessary to fill in the title according to the framework, which is very practical in practice. Of course, the boss can ignore it, haha. Sometimes, you can only take (1), (2) or the combination of (2) and (3).
Abstraction. Abstracts, refines and refines the main points of the article. The paper is written to communicate with readers, and everyone's time is precious. Whether or not to read this article may require a quick judgment, and the abstract is a very important aspect. Write what? **( 1) What did this paper mainly do? (2) clarify the main conclusions;
(3) Briefly mention the research background * * (in fact, this is generally written less now, and this thing is included in the introduction). Just fill in the box.
Introduction. The introduction leads to today's exposition. First of all, you should acknowledge the previous work done by others in this field. One is to respect others, and the other is to show that you have done research in this area and have a full understanding. Then, you have to transition from your predecessor's job to yours. The article is interlocking and logical. Write what? (1) Introduce the research background and significance; (2) Expounding the research status and achievements, existing problems and problems to be solved in this field; (3) Point out the research content of this paper, what problems have been solved, and what are the differences with predecessors. What are the meanings of these three points? Introducing the research background and significance is general and can attract readers' attention. The second point is to recognize the achievements of others, which also shows that the research in this field has important support, not fooling around, and the scope is narrowed and transitional at the first point; The third point is to explain the uniqueness of the article, rather than platitudes, platitudes, and complete the introduction work from wide to narrow, from general to unique, without logical confusion and strict regulations.
Methodology (original title "On the Method of Correctly Guiding Reason and Seeking Truth in Science")