The test results show that saccharin sodium, sodium cyclamate, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are used in large quantities. Of the 65,438+003 samples, 87 contained sweeteners or preservatives. However, the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and other health indicators in the sample are all good. Only four samples exceeded the standard, and no microbial problems were found in other samples.
This test found that the use of food additives in the sample mainly has the following problems:
1 & gt； The problem of sweetener exceeding the range and limit is still serious.
China's GB2760 "Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives" stipulates the scope and limit of use of food additives. The types of food not mentioned in the standard indicate that the state has not approved the use of certain additives in this kind of food. Through the analysis of the test results, nearly 50% of several food samples have sweeteners and preservatives exceeding the standard. There are 17 samples in 20 preserved fruit samples. 4 out of 9 soy sauce samples had sweeteners exceeding the standard; Among the 44 beverage samples, 7 samples exceeded the standard of sweeteners, and all of them used sodium cyclamate beyond the range; The samples of jelly, candy, chewing gum and eight-treasure porridge were not found to be over-used, but there was excessive use of sweeteners in eight-treasure porridge. Details are as follows:
In candied foods, 70% samples showed that the detection result of saccharin sodium was higher than the national limit, and the highest content of saccharin sodium exceeded the allowable limit 12 times. The detection results of 40% of the candied food sodium cyclamate were higher than the national limit, and the highest content detected was 6.5 times of the national allowable addition.
There are 1/3 samples of soy sauce foods with saccharin sodium content exceeding the national standard limit. 1.4 mg/kg contains1.581.1.4mg/kg of sodium cyclamate, which is 2.5 times of the national limit. There are also two samples in soy sauce with sodium benzoate content higher than the limit value, of which 65438+.
In the national standard, saccharin sodium is not allowed to be used as a sweetener in eight-treasure porridge, but all the seven samples tested contain a small amount of saccharin sodium.
2> The use of sweeteners or preservatives is not clearly marked or wrongly marked.
The national standard GB77 18 "General Standard for Food Labeling" stipulates that food additives should use the product names and category names specified in GB2760, and sweeteners, preservatives and colorants should be marked with specific names. This time, the samples containing sweeteners or preservatives were tested, and it was found that some samples were not clearly marked according to the national standard, and some products were also marked incorrectly, such as sodium benzoate. However, the label is potassium sorbate. The samples with more label problems are concentrated in candied fruit and sauced food. Of all 103 samples, 67 samples were labeled with preservatives or sweeteners, and there was no labeling or labeling error.
Saccharin sodium was detected in all 20 samples of candied fruit, 19 samples were not marked, and only 1 sample was marked. 1 1 sample was not labeled with sodium benzoate, and three samples labeled with preservatives were totally inconsistent with the actual detection. The test contained "sodium benzoate" but the label was labeled "potassium sorbate".
Nine soy sauce samples were not labeled with saccharin sodium, two samples were not labeled with sweeteners, and seven samples were not labeled with preservatives or the labels of preservatives were incomplete. If there are two preservatives, only one has a label.
Of the 44 beverage samples, 20.5% were not clearly labeled with sweeteners or preservatives.
3> Sugar-free foods also contain sweeteners.
14 sample in this test is sugar-free food. Sugar-free food refers to sugar substitutes such as sucrose and starch, but it must contain sugar alcohol. China advocates the use of sugar substitutes, such as sugar alcohols and oligosaccharides, which are beneficial to health. However, there is no national standard or industry standard to follow for sugar-free foods, and all manufacturers produce according to enterprise standards. The test results showed that sodium saccharin was found in five products and sodium cyclamate was found in two samples. Three samples contain saccharin sodium and sodium cyclamate at the same time. The highest content of saccharin sodium is 40 19.6 1MG/KG, and the content of sodium cyclamate is 3882.78MG/KG. Because the users of sugar-free foods are generally special people such as diabetics, the promotion and description of products are more important to consumers, but the promotion and introduction of sugar-free foods on some product packages violates relevant state regulations. Promote its hypoglycemic effect. The advertising law stipulates: "The advertising content of food, spray and cosmetics must conform to the hygiene licensing items, and medical terms or terms that are easily confused with drugs shall not be used." Therefore, when consumers choose and eat sugar-free food, they should not only read the ingredient list carefully, but also realize that sugar-free food is just a kind of food, which can never replace the therapeutic effect of drugs, and they can't trust the hypoglycemic effect of sugar-free food.
4> Some foods are not suitable for children.
Jelly, beverage, candied fruit, candy, etc. They are all children's favorite foods. The quality of jelly in this test sample is generally good, followed by juice drinks and lactic acid bacteria drinks in beverage samples. However, there are many problems such as excessive use of additives in candied food samples, and the labeled additives are not labeled, so children should not eat this kind of food.
Excessive additives in food will have adverse effects on children's growth and physical and mental health. Children, especially infants and young children, have immature immune system and weak liver detoxification ability, and are prone to allergic reactions to additives in food. At present, some developed countries in the world are very concerned about the safety of children's food and are constantly improving relevant laws and regulations to ensure the health and safety of children.
The Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) under FAO and World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) stipulated the daily allowable amount (ADI value) of food additives. ADI value is defined as the estimated allowable intake of a food additive without obvious health hazards according to human body weight, which is the primary and final basis for evaluating the safety of food additives at home and abroad. The ADI values of potassium sorbate are 5MG/KG, 1 1MG/kg, 5mg/kg and 25 mg/kg, respectively (mg/kg is the allowable intake of mg per kg of body weight per day). This value has important reference value for the production and processing of safe and secure children's food.
5> Sodium saccharin is still widely used in food.
Saccharin sodium is an artificial sweetener without nutrition. Its dilute solution is 300~500 times sweeter than sucrose, and its aftertaste is slightly bitter. The weight with the same sweetness as sucrose can not produce 2% of the heat produced by sucrose, so it is widely used in food.
Because the incidence of bladder cancer in animals fed with saccharin sodium reached 5%~7.5% in the 1970s, the US Food and Drug Administration proposed to ban the use of saccharin sodium. However, some scholars believe that there is a big difference between the above experiments and the actual intake in the diet. Moreover, epidemiological studies have not found the correlation between the use of saccharin sodium and bladder cancer. The Codex Alimentarius Commission of the United Nations stipulated the limit of saccharin sodium, and at the same time restricted its scope of use. The relevant departments of our country have also issued a notice on the production and use of strong sweeteners such as saccharin sodium, requiring manufacturers to strictly follow the national standards and limit the use within the prescribed scope.
Of the 103 samples tested this time, 57 samples contained saccharin sodium, accounting for 55.3% of the sample size, of which 19 samples contained saccharin sodium exceeding the national standard limit, and the other 38 samples contained saccharin sodium that has not been approved for use in China.
Through the detection of sweeteners and preservatives in 100 foods, we found that the use of synthetic food additives is not optimistic, so we want to remind consumers:
1. Sweeteners and preservatives are widely used in candied foods, and the additives used are not clearly indicated in the labels, which leads to many problems and unstable quality. Consumers should eat candied foods in moderation, especially candied plums and dried tangerines, which have high sweetener content. Especially children, pregnant women and other people should not eat candied food.
2. In China, the limit of preservatives in fruit juice (flavored) drinks is higher than that in carbonated drinks, which may lead to the higher content of preservatives in fruit juice (flavored) drinks, so children should drink fruit juice (flavored) drinks in moderation.
3. For special foods such as sugar-free foods, consumers should carefully check the contents of their labels, especially the ingredient list, and don't believe in the curative effect of their propaganda, because food is not medicine, and this kind of propaganda itself is illegal propaganda.
Parents are advised to choose carefully when buying snacks for their children. At present, most children's foods on the market contain food additives, and the use of food additives in some foods is beyond the scope and limit. If you eat such foods frequently, it will be very harmful to children's health. Some fried foods and puffed foods are also one of the causes of children's obesity.
5. Consumers should choose products with high brand reputation when buying food, and try to buy them in regular supermarkets and shopping malls to ensure the safety and health of the selected food.
In China, there are relevant standards and regulations on the scope of use, the limit of use and how to label food additives. However, from the feedback of enterprises, enterprises have a thorough understanding of the scope and limit of use of food additives. As for labeling, labeling is not important as long as it does not exceed the standard. Some enterprises do not fully understand the labeling standards, and think that as long as it is not an additive that the enterprise actively adds as a component, it can not be labeled. Therefore, China Consumers Association calls on enterprises to gradually standardize products according to standards. Call on the relevant state departments to increase the publicity of national standards, strengthen supervision and inspection, better safeguard the rights and interests of consumers and promote the healthy development of China's food industry.