Footnotes and endnotes are different from references. Footnotes or endnotes can be further explanations or explanations of the contents quoted in the text, and can also be definitions of nouns and terms. Generally listed references should be official publications for readers' textual research.
The reference of the paper is the reference and data that can be used in the writing of the paper. Reference refers to the main literature and data sources that are closely related to the content of the paper and cited in the research and writing process of the paper.
References should be listed on a separate page at the end of the paper, which should generally be limited to the most important documents directly read, borrowed, quoted and published in official publications by the author, including books, articles and quoted words.
According to the requirements of "China Academic Journals (CD-ROM Edition) Retrieval and Evaluation Data Standard (Trial)" and "China Social Science Journals Arrangement Standard (Revised Edition)", many publications distinguish between references and annotations, and define annotations as "words that further explain or supplement a certain content in the text", which are listed at the end of the article, separated from references or placed in the footer.
Personal letters and unpublished materials are generally not suitable for inclusion in references, but they can be followed by footnotes or endnotes.
Extended data:
1. The description rule of references is GB/T 77 14-2005, which is applicable to "references catalogued by authors and editors but not used by librarians, catalogers and index editors".
2. The specific arrangement of sequential coding system.
References are continuously coded with Arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text, and the serial numbers are placed in square brackets. If the file is referenced repeatedly, it is marked with the same serial number in the text. Generally speaking, the page number (or page number range) of a document cited once is listed in the following references.
The format is "publication year" of the work or "year, volume (issue)"+":page number (or page number range)" of the periodical.
For documents cited many times, list the page number or page number range of each reference in the serial number tag (some publications also regard the information that can indicate the location of the cited documents as page numbers) and put them in square brackets (only numbers are listed, without words and characters such as "P" or "page"; The line in the middle of the page number range is a half-word line) and marked with superscript.
If the serial number of a reference appearing as text needs to be followed by a page number or a page number range, the page number or page number range should also be superscript. Authors and editors need to carefully check the serial numbers of references under the sequential coding system, so that the serial numbers are consistent with the list of references after the marked documents are exactly the same. In addition, the page number or page number range of references should also be accurate.
(3) Reference types and document types are identified with single letters according to GB3469-83 Document Types and Document Carrier Codes:
Monograph m; Newspaper n; Journal j; Patent document p; Compilation g; Ancient books o; Technical standards;
Dissertation d; Scientific and technological report; Reference tool k; Search tool w; File b; Tape a;
Chart q; Record l; Product sample x; Video tape v; Meeting minutes; Chinese translation test;
Music score I; Movie y; Manuscript h; Microfilm u; Slide z; Miniature flat film f; Other e.
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