It is difficult to charge an electric car exactly like a fuel car, but it may not take long to achieve a similar and similar experience.

1. It's time to refuel an ordinary gas tanker.

The refueling technology of ordinary fuel vehicles is very mature.

The above mentioned paper "Analysis of Problems in the Metrological Verification of Fuel Tanker" published by Shi in Quality, Safety, Inspection and Testing magazine.

The flow rate of the tanker is between 25 and 40 liters per minute. If the fuel tank capacity is calculated as 60L, it will take 1.5 to 2.4 minutes for a tanker to fill up a fuel tank.

Even SUVs with huge fuel tanks, such as Land Cruiser and Mercedes-Benz G, take five minutes at most from being completely out of fuel to being full.

2. What are the requirements for electric vehicles to be so fast?

If the charging speed of electric vehicles wants to reach so fast, the conditions will be more demanding.

The charging speed of electric vehicle is related to charging current and charging voltage. The greater the current, the stronger the voltage, the greater the power of the charging pile and the faster the charging speed.

This is like: when cooking, the fiercer the fire, the faster the food will be cooked. The reason is the same.

The charging rate c is usually used to represent the charging speed.

To put it simply, the charging rate 1C means that the battery needs to be charged to the rated capacity 1 hour, 2C is half an hour, 3C is 20 minutes, 4C is 15 minutes, and so on.

If an electric vehicle wants to refuel as quickly as a fuel vehicle, it needs 5 minutes to be fully charged, and the charging rate needs to be above 12C.

3. Technical difficulties of batteries and charging piles

In fact, failure to reach 12C and 1C can be called "high magnification". If you want to improve the charging rate of the battery, you need to increase the charging power, which will bring a lot of trouble.

Liu Yang and others published the paper "Analysis of the Future Development Trend of High Power Charging" in the magazine "Automotive Practical Technology", which was mentioned above.

If the charging power is 350kw and the charging efficiency is 95%, if the heat generated in the charging process is not treated in time, the equipment will overheat in only 1 minute, which is faster than boiling water with an electric kettle.

The charging power of 350kw can only achieve the charging rate of about 4 to 6C, which is still a long way from 12C.

When the battery is charged with high power, it will also encounter trouble.

Wang Chaoyang, a professor at Pennsylvania State University, and others published a paper in Joule, an energy journal owned by Cell, entitled "Asymmetric temperature regulation technology for extremely fast charging of lithium-ion batteries".

As mentioned above, a key obstacle of extremely fast charging technology is that lithium may precipitate on the negative electrode of the battery at a high charging rate. This will greatly reduce the life and safety of the battery.

Simply put, improving the charging rate has higher requirements for batteries and charging piles, and the test is also great.

4. Supporting facilities need to be strengthened.

In addition to charging piles and batteries, high-power fast charging is also a great burden for supporting power grid facilities.

It is the paper "Analysis of the Future Development Trend of High Power Charging" just mentioned.

It is also indicated that the large-scale construction of high-power charging stations will increase the peak-valley difference of power grid load once a large number of users charge and stop at the same time, which will lead to overheating and tripping.

In case of holidays, climate change, major events, etc. The possibility of this problem is even greater.

It's like: a train can only pull so many people every day, and it's like a "corpse" when it meets the peak of Spring Festival travel rush.

The roof is covered, the windows are covered, tickets can't be bought, the train may not dare to move forward, and problems will occur.

In other words, in order to make electric vehicles charge as quickly as fuel vehicles, there are still technical difficulties to be overcome in charging piles, batteries and power grids.

5. When will it be realized?

It's hard, isn't it? To achieve similarity, it's ok, good, convenient and don't bother me ... you can complete the cruising range of hundreds of kilometers in a few minutes.

This is mainly because the charging process of electric vehicles and the refueling of fuel vehicles are actually different in concept. The charging of electric vehicles is divided into multiple stages, and not all stages can be fully charged.

Kind of like pouring beer.

Think about it: if you put a cup over there, you can pour it quickly in front. When you pour almost half a cup, should you pour it slowly? Otherwise, all the bubbles will come out, right?

"Oh" be careful, the cup will tilt, and you should master different speeds at different stages, much like pouring beer.

In other words, as long as the fully charged charging stage is guaranteed, the car can get enough cruising range, and the experience of electric vehicles can be similar to that of fuel vehicles.

It's just an empty cup, the first half cup, and it's not a big problem to say "wow" directly to the beer. That's what happened.

This is indeed the time when many manufacturers are promoting it. What do you think they all say?

How many minutes does it take from 0 to 60%, 20% to 80%? So I never tell you how long it takes to get full, right?

Take Porsche Taycan (Picture | Configuration | Inquiry) as an example: If you use the 350kw charging pile just mentioned, 15 minutes can charge 80%, doesn't that sound good? A cruising range of 400 kilometers.

Wu Pengfei and others published a paper "Research on the Development Status and Trend of High-power Charging of Electric Vehicles" in the magazine "Automotive Practical Technology", which mentioned.

Many enterprises have completed the research, development and production of charging pile samples above 350kw, and household electric vehicles with charging power above 350kw will be widely used after 2025.

Passenger cars with higher charging power may also be demonstrated, and the long-term goal is to reach 900kw.

Generally speaking, in recent years, it is difficult for electric vehicles to charge at the same speed as fuel vehicles.

But it's almost the same. It's not bad. It doesn't matter to me. Anyway, I just wait for a while, and it's almost ready. There is indeed a chance to achieve it in the next few years.