1. Shellless bullet
Concept: Shell-less bullet, shell-less bullet, that is, abandoning the shell, directly charging the bullet into a solid block, connecting or containing the warhead.
Principle: First, the powder used for firing is bonded with combustible binder, then it is shaped into a solid cylinder (according to the special firing caliber), and then the warhead and primer are embedded at both ends of the powder column respectively. Because this special bullet has no casing, the primer works in different ways. In addition to the traditional firing needle, you can also use electric ignition primer and gas ignition primer, and use the arc and high temperature generated during firing to ignite the grain, so that the high-pressure gas expands rapidly and pushes the bullet out of the gun bore.
Shell-less bullets have a special shape, a slender warhead and a slightly stout body. When launching, the warhead flew out of the muzzle under the push of the gas generated by the burning grain, and the grain was burned to ashes. 100 shells only weigh about 20 conventional bullets, so soldiers can carry many bullets with them when fighting. This invisibly improves the continuous combat capability of individual soldiers.
In addition, it has the following advantages:
1, no shell casing, reducing the cost of bullets.
2. The traditional bullet has taken a new path, and at the same time, the structure of the gun has been simplified accordingly.
3. Because the shell pulling process is omitted when the shell-less bullet is fired, the structure of the gun can be simplified accordingly. After the bullet is loaded once, the shell is completely closed to prevent dust particles from entering the gun chamber, which is conducive to prolonging the life of the gun.
4. In addition, production can save a lot of metals and simplify some production procedures, which can be called convenient use and manufacture. ? However, the properties of combustion, waterproof and high temperature resistance need to be further improved; Moreover, due to its complicated manufacturing process, guns need to be improved accordingly, and the erosion of gun bore is serious, so only a few countries use shell-less bullets now.
More famous is HK G 1 1, which was originally a standard rifle adopted by Germany in the early 1990s, using bullets without casings.
Second, countersunk bomb
Casing telescopic ammunition is also called embedded ammunition or sleeve ammunition. Just like the meaning of countersunk ammunition, the bullet of countersunk ammunition is packed in the propellant of the casing, which is the difference in appearance.
Because it is a cylindrical charge, it is smaller and easier to store, saving the storage space of ammunition and improving the carrying capacity; The shape of the cartridge case is simple and tidy, which simplifies the design of the cartridge feeder; The adoption of the rotary locking structure is beneficial to reduce the overall size of the gun system and improve the firing rate. In particular, it is possible to refit a larger caliber artillery system under the condition of the original artillery size and improve the power of the chariot.
Countersunk bombs are usually ignited by two poles. After the primer is ignited, the auxiliary propellant burns, pushing the projectile away from the shell and into the chamber. After the projectile leaves the shell, the auxiliary propellant flame ignites the main charge immediately, and the gas generated by propellant combustion pushes the projectile to fly away from the barrel at high speed.
40 mm CTWS ammunition is 30% smaller and lighter than conventional ammunition with the same caliber, but its performance is improved by 30%. After the composite cartridge is used, the use cost is greatly reduced and it is not easy to be damaged. Compared with the conventional automatic gun, the structure of the gun is very compact. The volume of 40 mm CTWS is equivalent to that of 25 mm automatic gun, and it can be used to modify 25~30 mm guns on most active infantry fighting vehicles, and the life cycle cost can be reduced by about half.
In terms of power, the muzzle kinetic energy of 40 mm CTWS is 15% higher than that of conventional ammunition with the same caliber, and the recoil is only 2/3 of that of American 25 mm automatic gun. 40 mm CTWS has many advantages and can be widely used in ground weapons and even aircraft.
CTAI plans to turn its energy to the large-caliber tanks of CTWS after the 40 mm CTWS system matures. In the foreseeable future, after the sealing problem of gun tail and bore is solved, large-caliber CTWS will be widely used.