Reflections on the management and maintenance of construction machinery graduation thesis-The author deeply analyzes the main factors affecting the management and maintenance of construction machinery from four aspects, and puts forward effective solutions on how to do well the management and maintenance of construction machinery. Keywords: construction machinery; Management; Foreword of Maintenance With the continuous improvement of mechanization of engineering construction, construction machinery has become an important productivity of construction enterprises. The wide application of various construction machinery not only speeds up the construction progress, but also improves the construction quality. However, in the process of using construction machinery, it is influenced by various factors, which restricts the performance of construction machinery. At present, one of the main problems is how to manage and maintain construction machinery, prevent faults, keep machinery and equipment in good condition and give full play to equipment efficiency. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to do a good job in the maintenance and management of mechanical equipment in construction enterprises and correctly analyze and solve various contradictions in the management process, so as to improve the level of equipment management and maintenance, improve work efficiency and enhance the market competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, the author puts forward his own opinions on the management and maintenance of construction machinery according to his own work practice. 1, the main factors affecting the management and maintenance of construction machinery. At present, the management and maintenance of construction machinery seriously restricts the improvement of engineering efficiency of construction enterprises, mainly in the following aspects: 1. 1 The weak management of machinery and equipment has affected the normal construction order. In the process of construction, engineering projects are often multifaceted, and mechanical equipment and personnel are frequently mobilized. The management department blindly simplifies the management organization and personnel of mechanical equipment, or merges its functions into other departments, which leads to the disconnection between management and operation, resulting in the weak management power of mechanical equipment in construction enterprises. A considerable number of construction enterprises have not formed a complete and strict mechanical equipment management system, and the mechanical equipment ledger and technical data file management system are not perfect, resulting in confusion in mechanical equipment management and seriously affecting the normal construction of the project. 1.2 mechanical equipment maintenance system is not implemented in place, resulting in a decrease in the intact rate of mechanical equipment. Construction enterprises often pay more attention to the use and management of equipment rather than maintenance. Although the system of individual and machine is implemented, the restriction of mechanical equipment maintenance system on human activities is ignored, and it is not clearly implemented to people. Operators only pay attention to use, and can't deal with problems in time; In addition, when mechanical equipment breaks down and needs maintenance, many maintenance personnel have a weak sense of responsibility, cope with errands, and fail to fundamentally solve the failure problem, thus causing the continuous expansion and development of equipment failures. When problems occur, operators and maintenance personnel often shirk their responsibilities and fail to realize the importance of the problems. This not only affects the construction quality and progress, but also increases the maintenance and operation costs, resulting in a decrease in the service life and safety of mechanical equipment. 1.3 The use of mechanical equipment is not standardized, which accelerates the wear and aging of mechanical equipment. Because some operators know little about the construction technology and equipment use knowledge, especially the short-term employees have low technical quality, they don't pay attention to the specific construction conditions and working methods, blindly catch up with the construction period and progress, so that the mechanical equipment has been overloaded, or "sick" or even illegally operated, thus accelerating the wear and aging of mechanical equipment. In addition, after the end of the project, the equipment can not be carefully maintained, maintained and overhauled according to regulations, and mechanical equipment often fails after being deployed to new projects. Not only did it take a lot of energy and high cost to transform, but it also seriously delayed the normal construction period. 1.4 ignoring the upgrading of mechanical equipment leads to low construction efficiency and decreased competitiveness. At present, some construction enterprises do not pay enough attention to the failure and aging of mechanical equipment, and the upgrading of mechanical equipment is slow. Some managers only pay attention to short-term economic benefits, covet convenience, regardless of the overall performance of mechanical equipment, adopt

The practice of "robbing Peter to pay Paul" even violates the relevant provisions of the state, and continues to use worn-out machinery and scrapped machinery, resulting in a great increase in mechanical failure rate. It not only poses a safety threat to construction personnel, but also causes low overall construction efficiency and increased overall construction cost. As a result, the project income will be reduced, and the competitiveness of enterprises will be reduced, which will ultimately affect the development of the whole enterprise. 2. Effective ways to manage and maintain construction machinery Under the law of market economy, competition among enterprises is intensified, and construction enterprises pay attention to operating efficiency, which urgently requires reducing equipment management costs and improving economic efficiency. There is an old saying: "If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first." Only by doing a good job in the management and maintenance of mechanical equipment can the enterprise benefit be further improved. 2. 1 Improve the management system of mechanical equipment and standardize the management of mechanical equipment. In order to do a good job in the management of mechanical equipment, construction enterprises need to establish and improve the corresponding management institutions, which is the organizational guarantee for the smooth management of mechanical equipment and carry out comprehensive and comprehensive management; Secondly, establish and improve the statistical system of mechanical equipment, strengthen the unified management of mechanical equipment, establish detailed equipment technical files, and organize regular inspections. Technical files should be kept by special personnel; In addition, the implementation of performance system, give full play to the enthusiasm of construction machinery management, operation and maintenance personnel; Furthermore, in practical work, the system of "three guarantees and one package" is implemented, that is, the machine is fixed, the person is fixed, the post is fixed and the maintenance is guaranteed. The implementation of the system of "three guarantees and one package" will directly affect the work efficiency, construction safety and integrity of construction machinery of construction enterprises. 2.2 Strictly implement the mechanical equipment maintenance system to ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment. Maintenance is the main reason that affects whether the equipment breaks down, so the daily maintenance and regular maintenance system of mechanical equipment must be strictly implemented. Mechanical equipment management personnel should formulate effective maintenance plans according to the mechanical maintenance work instructions, and make technical disclosure with the operators, and randomly check and supervise the maintenance implementation at any time. At the same time, a reward and punishment mechanism will be established, and the technical status, maintenance, safe operation and consumption cost of mechanical equipment will be included in the reward and punishment content, so as to strengthen the sense of responsibility of the majority of operators, mobilize their enthusiasm and enthusiasm for work, ensure the normal operation of mechanical equipment, prolong the service life of mechanical equipment and reduce maintenance costs. 2.3 Strengthen the technical training of mechanical equipment and strengthen the technical quality of professional teams. With the continuous development of modern science and technology, mechanical equipment is constantly upgrading, and the technical content is getting higher and higher. This requires our construction technicians to constantly strengthen their study, learn new knowledge and technology, and use mechanical equipment scientifically. In order to fundamentally improve the professional and technical quality of operators, construction enterprises should adopt the method of "going out, inviting in and focusing on training", intensify technical training, select and train a group of professionals who understand technology to meet the future development needs of enterprises. At the same time, focus on organizing mechanical equipment operators to participate in mechanical equipment operation competitions, forming a good atmosphere for learning technology, comparing technology and drilling business. According to the specific conditions of construction, we will adopt demonstration performances, lectures on technical knowledge, observation and study, etc. Popularize and publicize the effective experience in time, and gradually improve the theoretical knowledge level and practical operation skills of construction machinery operators. 2.4 the implementation of machinery and equipment upgrades to create more benefits for enterprises. The upgrading of mechanical equipment directly affects the construction efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, as an enterprise, we should consider long-term interests, not just immediate interests, strictly implement the equipment scrapping system, and do a good job in upgrading mechanical equipment. In this process, we must follow the principle of mechanical upgrading, and resolutely update the mechanical equipment with serious wear, backward technical performance, high energy consumption, low efficiency and high maintenance cost, which can no longer meet the use requirements and safety requirements through scientific inspection, so as to ensure the construction quality and safety. In addition, the construction machinery that is explicitly prohibited by the state from being eliminated shall be scrapped and shall not be used for various reasons to prevent adverse consequences to enterprises. Only by ensuring the good condition of machinery and equipment can we strive for greater economic benefits, enhance the competitiveness of enterprises and lay a solid foundation for the development of enterprises. 3. Conclusion The management and maintenance of mechanical equipment is a systematic project, and the importance of mechanical equipment management should be fully recognized. The management level of mechanical equipment will directly affect the economic benefits of enterprises. Therefore, we must strengthen the effective management of machinery and equipment, coordinate with each other, actively study, explore and adopt advanced management and maintenance methods under the guidance of science, and gradually make the management and maintenance of machinery and equipment on a scientific, standardized and institutionalized track. References: 1, Complete Works of Mechanical Equipment Management, Liu Wei, Tsinghua University Publishing House, 32-67, 2006. 2. Mechanical Principles, An Zijun, Mechanical Industry Press,1998,60-70. 3. Manual of Construction Machinery, China Water Resources and Hydropower Corporation, China Water Resources and Hydropower Publishing House,1998,5-11. 4. Encyclopedia of current building construction codes published by China Building Industry Press, 2002,5-17-5.