Abstract: At present, people's understanding of the connotation of track and field is not sufficient and perfect, and there is a lack of track and field aesthetics in track and field course teaching. Track and field is the "mother of sports", and its beauty is irreplaceable by other sports. This paper discusses the present situation of track and field course, the aesthetics of track and field sports and the integrity of track and field teaching, and puts forward that moxibustion education must be injected to change the present situation of track and field course and complete the track and field teaching process.
Keywords: track and field course; Track and field: track and field aesthetics; Teaching integrity; Injection closed culture
I. Research background
As early as 1999, the State Council, the central government of China, promulgated the Decision on Deepening Education Reform and Promoting Quality Education in an All-round Way, which clearly pointed out: "To implement quality education, moral education, intellectual education, physical education and aesthetic education must be organically unified in all aspects of educational activities. School education should attach importance not only to intellectual education, but also to moral education. Schools should strengthen physical education, aesthetic education, labor technology and social practice, so that all aspects of education can penetrate each other, develop harmoniously, and promote students' all-round development and healthy growth. "With the development of human beings and the progress of social civilization, people's pursuit of beauty is getting higher and higher, and the responsibility and position of aesthetic education in school education is becoming more and more prominent. However, for a long time, people only regarded literature, art and music as the main aspects of aesthetic education, and did not notice the endless aesthetic education factors in physical education teaching. What is particularly worrying is that track and field, which enjoys the reputation of "mother of sports", is not favored by students in colleges and universities. With the development and popularization of physical education elective courses in colleges and universities, there are fewer track and field elective courses, and many colleges and universities have to cancel track and field courses because of the limitation of class size. This negative approach is undoubtedly a kind of sadness in physical education, which violates the special functional value of track and field and has serious hidden dangers to the popularization and development of track and field in China. Therefore, the author analyzes the reasons for the decline of track and field courses through a large number of data research, interviews and investigations. One of the reasons is that the track and field curriculum lacks integrity and needs to attach importance to aesthetic education!
Second, the reality of track and field courses: the imperfection of aesthetic education
1. The responsibility of aesthetic education-people who shape beauty
The Dictionary of Education discusses aesthetic education as follows: "Aesthetic education is also called aesthetic education, which enables students to master aesthetic knowledge, form certain aesthetic ability, cultivate a correct aesthetic view, beautify their mind, behavior, language and posture, and improve their moral and intellectual level." This paper puts forward two major tasks of aesthetic education: one is aesthetic education. "Aesthetics is a process in which people feel the object of' beauty' as the subject. Aesthetic feeling comes from the beauty in objective reality and is the reflection of the object of beauty in the mind of the aesthetic subject. The reflection of aesthetic feeling on beauty is not a mechanical, rigid, passive and negative reflection like looking in the mirror, but a reflection of active existence. " The second is plastic surgery education. Man is not only the aesthetic subject, but also the aesthetic object and the object to be appreciated. The purpose of aesthetic education is to beautify the world according to the law of beauty, and also to beautify human beings themselves, so that the subject can become a person with healthy body and mind, full of spirit, noble personality and perfect personality. The beauty of image, language, behavior and spirit is a high generalization of aesthetic education. The beauty of mind affects the formation of image beauty, language beauty and behavior beauty; Beauty in image, language and behavior are the direct manifestations of spiritual beauty. Not difficult.
It can be seen that the duty and task of aesthetic education should not only enable students to master the knowledge of beauty and enhance their aesthetic ability, but also promote students to meet the requirements of beauty from the inner world to the external appearance, so that students can become beautiful people with all-round and harmonious development.
2. The current situation of field courses: the lack of aesthetic education
According to the survey, there are many phenomena in the implementation of track and field courses in colleges and universities that are extremely unsuitable and unsatisfactory to the needs of society and students:
(1) Teaching objective The teaching objective of track and field course is not only to learn the basic knowledge, technology and skills of track and field, but also to pay attention to moral education for students by using the special educational function of track and field. It is understood that the main reason why students are unwilling to choose track and field courses is that they feel that learning track and field sports is too bitter, too tired and too dirty, which cannot but explain the lack of spiritual beauty education and the mistakes of moral education.
(2) Teaching content: sprint, high jump, hurdle, shot put, etc. Primary school, middle school and university are still learning. Squatting to the end and sliding shot put make students bored, and repeated reappearance makes students feel aesthetic fatigue, which leads to giving up this course.
(3) The teaching process follows a set of competitive sports procedures, lacking the process of fitness, entertainment and leisure, which makes the body and mind in a state of long-term tension and affects the beauty of fitness.
(4) judging excellent, good, medium and poor by speed, height and distance, making the examination a "skill competition" for undifferentiated groups, from which students can't appreciate beauty and have to avoid it.
(5) Colleges and universities with a considerable number of teaching facilities are still teaching track and field in dusty cinder fields that have been in disrepair for a long time, and the wind, rain and sun are more harmful to students. It is reasonable that students can't experience the beauty of nature and environment, lose interest in learning and ignore track and field courses.
Third, the aesthetics of track and field sports: endless charm
In ancient times, in order to obtain the means of survival, human beings competed with nature with the skills of running, jumping and throwing, won victory and finally gained the existence of life. There was only one event in the first ancient Olympic Games, that is, track and field sprint. In the 5th-6th century BC, in the education of Athens, the birthplace of the ancient Olympic Games, children began to learn elementary physical education, including running, wrestling, javelin throwing and discus throwing. They think that physical education is a great education and a special phenomenon of human culture. It is sports that allows human beings to create culture, history and master history.
Track and field has an irreplaceable role in other events, which requires participants to show their greatest potential under certain conditions; Have a strong will, tenacious quality and the spirit of striving for the first place; Have the indomitable spirit of overcoming boredom, enduring pain and accepting environmental tests; Have the psychological quality of self-regulation, independent response and self-challenge. All these reflect the spirit of track and field: a lofty spirit, a majestic and vigorous beauty. This is the expression of the harmonious unity of human's essential strength and object, and also the expression of spiritual beauty.
Fourth, the integrity of track and field teaching: injecting aesthetic education
Track and field teaching should include moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic activities, and should be an educational activity with track and field knowledge as the carrier, track and field fitness teaching methods as the mirror and the goal of optimizing students' psychological structure. Aesthetic education in the curriculum should enlighten students' intellectual education with the beauty of track and field sports; Inspire students to shape the true meaning of being a man with the beauty of track and field; Stimulate students' interest in learning with the beauty of track and field sports; Enlighten students' perception, emotional expression and creative passion with the beauty of track and field sports. Only in this way can the taste of track and field courses be improved.
In track and field teaching, due to the different teaching objectives, teaching contents and teaching objects, the design scheme should present its characteristics. If endurance teaching is carried out, ideological quality education should be given priority. Long-distance running technology is relatively simple, but it needs students' internal quality. Teachers should start with the education of spiritual beauty, lose no time to change teaching methods and teaching conditions, so that students can get in close contact with nature and enjoy natural beauty. You can use the surrounding conditions of the campus to carry out mountain running, road running, lake running, directional running, treasure hunting and adventure running and so on. The principles of aesthetic education design can be summarized as follows:
(1) around the content of track and field textbooks, explore and discover aesthetic education factors, and establish corresponding aesthetic education objectives in the teaching task system.
(2) Aesthetic education and moral education complement each other, and moral education is particularly important in track and field teaching. With the help of aesthetic education and plastic education, moral education is more emotional and less imposed and preached.
In short, we should inject aesthetic education into track and field teaching, give full play to the aesthetic function and value function of track and field, make track and field courses complete, and popularize and develop track and field in colleges and universities.