1, the calmness of the mountain and the agility of the water.
Confucius is the founder of Confucian school. Over the years, many people think that the characteristics of Confucianism are conservative and conservative. It regards ancient times as its golden years, and only pays attention to "Wang Zhidao first" without paying attention to the changes of things, while Confucius is a pedantic pedant. In fact, Confucius, who was faithful and fond of the past, made a new interpretation of the classics with his own understanding of morality and Bai Ji's expectation of the times. He not only regards "mountain-like" benevolence as the highest moral standard, but also sends out the emotional singing of "the deceased is like this" for all the wise men of past dynasties. He not only interpreted "change" poetically, but also practiced "change" with practical actions, accepted his disciples and transformed his soul. If he was afraid of "change" and didn't believe that things could be updated, he wouldn't have become a soul engineer or the first professional teacher in China history. As a philosopher of China, he is unique, because his "change" is a silent and natural process like the growth of all things. In his mind, the ideal development is not to cut off the traditional silk thread, but to be based on tradition and grow endlessly like a tree in the mountains.
Step 2: frustration
Confucius had a rough life. But Confucius did not fear or escape, and treated life with a philosophical attitude. Confucius is no worse than Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi in know life and access. "Kong Yanle" is a summary of this attitude towards life.
Confucius was besieged by Kuang people when he traveled around the world. The situation was very urgent. Confucius said, "If there is no king of literature, what about literature?" ? The sky will lose its gentleness, and the dead will not be gentle. God has not lost his grace, how can people give! "Song Sima Huan wanted to harm Confucius, and Confucius said," The virtue of nature is better than that of Ofuse, so what does Huan Kui want to give? "
The Analects of Confucius shows Confucius' ambition to be good at the world. At the same time, it is also Confucius' comfort and encouragement when encountering setbacks, and it is a practice of self-adjustment.
Step 3 choose
Liu Xiahui, an old man, was forced to stay at the door. It's windy and snowy at night, and the temperature drops suddenly. A woman is freezing to death at the gate of the same city. Liu Xiahui held her in her arms and kept her warm with her body temperature until the next morning. There was no indecent assault, leaving a reputation for sitting still.
Coincidentally. Lu people have private rooms, neighbors are widows, and there are also private rooms. In the middle of the night, the storm came, and the widow's room was broken. She tried to escape into the room of the Lu people, but the Lu people closed the door and refused to accept it. The widow begged under the window, "Why don't you be kind enough to let me in?" Lu said, "I heard that men and women can't share a room until they are 60 years old." You are young now, and I am too young to let you in. "The woman said," why don't you learn from Liu Xiahui? Lu people said, "I can do it, but I can never do it." . I can't do it by myself now, but I can do it with Liu Xiahui. Confucius said, "Good! If you want to learn from Lu, no one can learn like Lu. It is wise to hope for a good development without following others' behavior. "
In Confucius' view, our choice is right, and so is the choice of Lu people.
Step 4 be humorous
In 496 BC, anxious Zigong searched for the missing teacher Kong Qiu. At this moment, A Zheng said to him, "There is a man at the east gate. His forehead looks like Tang Yao, his neck looks like Hao Tao and his shoulders look like a child, but he is three inches worse than Yu Xia from the waist down. He looks thin and tired, like a lost dog. " When Zigong found Confucius, he told him about it. Confucius laughed and said, "The shape he said is not necessarily true. But I look like a lost dog, yes! Yes! " This is Confucius, an old man with a sense of humor. He is not the kind of "Great Sage" who has been sitting in the portrait for thousands of years and is deep in China people's consciousness. In the eyes of Confucius, the real immortality lies not in power, but in culture and education. So later Confucianism praised Confucius as "the king of elements". Without land and people, as long as culture exists, his throne will exist forever.
5. Source
Anyone who knows Confucius knows what kind of situation intellectuals were in that era. The benevolence, righteousness and morality he preached were sometimes put aside and sometimes reached the peak. Isn't it? Until today, almost all the people in the world have studied Confucianism. What can they learn? I thought: it's just for me. However, Confucius is great anyway. Yes, it's absolutely great. His classic treatise is Human Nature and Human Relations. Some people say that everything on the earth is created equal. All retribution is due to human beings breaking the ecological balance and desperately satisfying their own desires. Therefore, human beings call for humanity and equality. Confucius called for humanity two thousand years ago. Yes, all the feudal dynasties showed the choice between ruling the country by Confucianism and ruling the country by law. Yes, until today, Confucius' ethics and morality are still out of date. Moral decay is bound to be besieged on all sides: when you are rational, you will ask Confucius for advice.