In the process of teenagers' growth, peer group, as an important environment for teenagers' growth, plays an important role in teenagers' ideological and moral character, psychological state and behavior mode, so we should attach great importance to the importance of peer group in teenagers' ideological and political education. This paper expounds the meaning and basic characteristics of peer groups, and on the basis of objectively analyzing the influence of peer groups on the ideological and political education of teenagers, puts forward the ways to correctly guide peer groups and strengthen the ideological and political education of teenagers, aiming at providing reference for guiding the healthy growth of teenagers.

Keywords peer group; Teenagers; ideological and political education

First, the meaning and basic characteristics of peer groups

Peer group is a loose group composed of people with similar values, attitudes towards life, family background, age and hobbies, with frequent contacts and close relationships. Therefore, this group is also called peer group or peer group. Peer groups have the following five basic characteristics.

(A) the pursuit of value diversification. With the influx of western negative moral concepts, teenagers are confused in moral standards, value orientation, life ideals and codes of conduct, which leads to the change of teenagers' value pursuit from paying attention to ideals, selfless dedication and knowledge to paying attention to reality and utility, obtaining, paying attention to money value and sensory enjoyment, and from simplification to diversification.

(2) Diversified modes of communication. With the progress of science and technology and the development of communication tools, the traditional face-to-face direct and single communication methods are gradually replaced by diversified communication methods such as telephone, mobile phone, WeChat and Weibo. Diversified communication methods not only promote frequent daily communication between peer groups, but also meet the multiple needs of emotional development of adolescent peer groups.

(3) the authority of key figures. As a peer group of informal organizations, the core figures in the group are generally not produced by election, dispatch or appointment, but naturally produced in group activities after being recognized by members with their outstanding talents and good moral cultivation.

(4) Independence of code of conduct and values. In terms of code of conduct and values, peer groups have their own standards in clothes, hairstyles and communication methods. In order to avoid pressure and exclusion within the group and conflicts among group members, group members generally consciously abide by this independent code of conduct and values.

(5) Freedom of will of group members. Peer group is an informal group established unintentionally. Group members are free to choose and combine with their peers on the basis of equality, and arrange activities according to the wishes of most members of the group and themselves.

Second, the influence of peer groups on the ideological and political education of teenagers.

(A) the positive impact of peer groups on contemporary college students. The first is to meet the emotional and psychological needs of teenagers in many aspects. Compared with traditional families with many children, modern society has more only children and fewer playmates. Teenagers who grow up in this environment tend to feel lonely, so they are more eager to communicate with their peers. Peer groups have an unintentional influence on young people. Mutual understanding, support, care and respect among group members can not only make teenagers feel consciously and subtly comforted, meet their communication needs and belonging needs, but also exercise their strong will, cultivate noble moral sentiments and promote their harmonious development and mental health. Second, it can promote the all-round development of teenagers. Peer group is an important platform to realize the all-round development of teenagers. Peer groups are mainly composed of teenagers with similar ages and interests. In the long-term communication and discussion, the communication between group members and peers is closer and more direct than that between parents and teachers, which plays an important role in tapping teenagers' specialties, developing their potential and intelligence, promoting the integration of teenagers' subculture and mainstream culture, and promoting their all-round development. Third, it can make teenagers form correct thinking and behavior habits. Compared with purposeful and planned school education, peer group has no intention to influence teenagers. The permeability and long-term influence of peer group communication make teenagers unconsciously and imperceptibly form correct thoughts and develop good behavior habits in daily communication.

(2) The negative influence of peer groups on contemporary teenagers. First, the diversified value pursuit of peer groups affects the formation of teenagers' correct values. Faced with the impact of various concepts, teenagers in the primary stage of self-awareness and independent personality are easily influenced by various social concepts and form value dislocation. In peer groups, the instability of communication content among members, the singleness of emotional ties and the weakening of emotional communication with parents and teachers have enhanced teenagers' blind dependence on peer groups and influenced by members to form some special values that deviate from the mainstream values of society. Under the influence of such erroneous values, teenagers will deviate from the correct development track more and more. Second, the structural defects of peer groups can easily lead teenagers to get into bad habits. The internal behavior rules of peer groups are very binding on members. Therefore, for the peer group composed of teenagers with bad behavior, smoking, drinking, fighting, stealing and robbing have exceeded the bottom line of morality and law. In addition, there are strong perceptual elements among the members of the peer group, lacking rational guidance. Therefore, when conflicts occur, group members are often impulsive and cannot solve problems by rational means. This behavior is not conducive to the healthy growth of teenagers. Third, once the consciousness of the core figures or key members in the peer group deviates, it may lead to group negativity. Teenagers tend to be infatuated with the authority of the core figures or backbone members in peer groups. Once the thoughts and behaviors of the core figures or backbone members deviate from the mainstream values of society, other members who follow the core figures or backbone members will easily go astray.

Third, correctly guide peer groups and strengthen ideological and political education for teenagers.

(1) Pay attention to teenagers' peer groups and give them correct guidance in their communication. Peer group is the source of teenagers' ideological and emotional development. Getting growth and progress from friendship, having a partner and living happily are important guidelines for teenagers' communication. Teenagers are in a special growth period. Parents, schools and society should care and cherish them. On the basis of respect and understanding, create a harmonious peer group communication atmosphere for them and guide them to use correct communication skills. Families should create a democratic and harmonious atmosphere, pay close attention to the communication needs of teenagers, and encourage and support children to learn to communicate with peer groups; Schools should pay attention to the study and life of teenagers, teach them to analyze and evaluate partnerships with a critical attitude and keen thinking, and improve their learning and interpersonal skills.

(2) Improve teenagers' discrimination ability and stay away from unhealthy subcultures of peers. Teenagers' strong curiosity, independence and rebellious psychology are more likely to be influenced by bad social information, leading to misconduct. Due to the immature values of teenagers and the rapid development of information technology in modern society, the virtuality and closeness of the network provide space for the spread of bad culture. If parents and schools are negligent in discipline, some teenagers with weak willpower will easily be involved in the whirlpool of bad culture, which will eventually lead to misconduct and crime. Therefore, families and schools should guide teenagers to improve their discrimination ability and have a correct understanding of friendship and unhealthy communication, so as to stay away from and resolutely resist unhealthy subcultures of peer groups.

(3) Strengthen the personality charm education of the core figures in the peer group and guide the healthy development of the peer group. In the peer group of teenagers, there is usually one or several core figures. They are often the most capable and prestigious people in the group and the core of the whole group. Their words and deeds play an important role in leading and influencing the whole group. Therefore, in order to make the youth peer group develop actively and healthily, it is necessary to educate the core figures in the peer group on personality charm, tap their role as role models, and encourage the healthy growth and progress of the youth group. When doing ideological work for groups with negative tendencies, we should focus on educating the core figures in peer groups, so as to drive group members to form correct values, improve the internal code of conduct, and enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education for teenagers. To sum up, the influence of peer groups on teenagers can not be ignored. In today's increasingly diversified social development, it is not only an important research topic of ideological and political education, but also an important way to enhance the effectiveness of adolescent ideological and political education by strengthening the research on the characteristics of adolescent peer groups and encouraging and supporting adolescents to carry out healthy peer group exchanges.

refer to

[1] Chen. The Influence of Peer Group Environment on Adolescent Development [J]. Journal of Ningbo University (Education Science Edition), 2004, (5).

[2], Song Shao Zhen. The Influence Mechanism and Guidance of Contemporary Teenagers' Peer Communication [J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University, 2005, (5).

[3] Budesheng. Peer group-the platform of ideological and political education for teenagers [J]. Journal of Guangdong Youth Cadre College, 2006, (64).

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