How to write a short paper on biotechnology

First, choose a theme.

Attention should be paid to "practicality", "feasibility" and "creativity" in selecting a topic (topic).

"Practicality" means that the topic should have certain practical value in production, life or science, that is, the research results may be transplanted and applied to serve mankind and have certain value in science.

"Feasibility" is to proceed from reality, that is, to determine the subject from our knowledge base and manpower, existing experimental conditions and funding conditions, which is a goal that can be achieved through hard work. Students should write short essays on topics that are "small", not "big", but "complete".

"Creativity" means that the topic should be novel and innovative, the research methods should be innovative, and others should not simply repeat the experiments.

Second, research methods.

After the subject is determined, it is necessary to choose appropriate research methods to complete the subject. There are three main research methods: investigation, observation and experiment.

Investigation method is to investigate the regularity of composition, quantity and distribution of some organisms in a certain area, such as investigating insect species, species and quantity changes of some birds and animals, medicinal plants, anti-pollution plants and indicator plants in environmental protection, etc ... These investigation results may be adopted by relevant departments and play a certain social and economic benefits. This research method costs less, does not need complicated instruments and equipment, and can be carried out in general schools.

Observation is a careful observation of some individuals of a certain organism to understand their living habits and the laws of growth and development. In the process of research, there should be a certain number of observation objects, because if only one individual is observed, it will be accidental and the conclusion may not be universal and representative. Also pay attention to repeated observation, you can set more observation points at the same time, and draw scientific conclusions. At the same time of observation, it will be better if we can pay attention to collecting and making life history specimens.

Investigation and observation are generally carried out without changing the environmental conditions of living things, while the experimental rule is to artificially change a certain factor in the environment (such as food, temperature, light, etc.). ), observe the impact on organisms and find out its regularity.

The experimental method should be scientific. For example, the topic "Effects of Different Feeds on the Development of Toad Tadpoles" can be divided into three groups: animal feed, plant feed and mixed feed. During the feeding process, only three groups are allowed to feed different tadpoles in the experiment, and other conditions, such as the source and size of tadpoles, containers, water quality, water temperature and illumination, are required to be as same as possible to avoid other factors affecting the scientific nature of the experimental results. There should be a certain number of tadpoles, about 20 in each group. The number is too small, and the experimental results are prone to contingency, which does not explain the problem; Too much will bring problems to reproduction and observation.

Third, write a "small paper"

"Thesis" is the summary of students' own research results, so when writing, we can use the first person "I" or "we" to describe it. "Small papers" generally include: ① topics. The title of the paper should be concise, novel and attractive to readers. ② Introduction. At the beginning of the article, you can write a simple introduction, explaining the purpose of this research, how the author came up with the idea to carry out this research, and so on. ③ Materials and methods. It is necessary to clearly write down the objects of investigation and observation, experimental materials, sources of materials, research methods and instruments and equipment used. Four results. The result is the argument part of the paper, if possible, it is best to express it in the form of data and organize it into a table; If you can draw another picture, it will be more vivid and convincing. ⑤ Discussion. Discussion is the argumentation and argumentation part of the paper. After analyzing the obtained data, we draw a scientific conclusion, that is, an argument, and explain it theoretically. ⑥ Conclusion and references. You can talk about the practical value of this research; Some can also talk about the shortcomings of this study and indicate the references.