Musical instruments are divided into several tones, which refers to the range of musical instruments. Range is the pitch range of an instrument, including the lowest note and the highest note. The range of an instrument depends on its sound producing principle, structure and playing skills.

According to the range size, musical instruments can be divided into the following categories:

High-pitched instruments: have a high range, such as flute, violin, flute, saxophone, etc.

Alto instruments: alto range, such as guzheng, erhu, guitar, piano, etc.

Bass instruments: bass areas, such as cello, double bass, organ, tuba, etc.

In addition, there are voice-changing instruments, such as trombone and trumpet, which can expand the range by changing the sound mode.

The range of an instrument is one of the important factors in choosing an instrument. In the band performance, the musical instruments' ranges should be coordinated with each other in order to form a harmonious sound effect.