The cooling effect of sulfate aerosol counteracts the greenhouse effect to some extent, and the slowdown of warming trend and the decrease of daily range in the northern hemisphere may be related to the increase of artificial sulfate aerosol concentration in the atmosphere.
With the rapid development of social economy, human activities have an increasing impact on the earth's environment. The increase of fossil fuel consumption leads to the increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, and also releases more SO2 into the atmosphere. Sulfate aerosol produced by SO2 enhances the reflection of solar radiation, thus reducing the solar radiation flux absorbed by the earth-atmosphere system. Moreover, sulfate aerosol can become cloud condensation nuclei and affect the optical characteristics and life history of clouds, and as an indirect force, it affects the radiation and energy budget of the earth-atmosphere system, thus affecting climate change.